Abstract: A first optical waveguide having at least a core layer with a refractive index ncj and a second optical waveguide having at least a core layer with a refractive index nck are arranged to oppose their end surfaces, and at least any one end surface of the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide is formed by the etching, and the end surface formed by the etching is covered with a coating medium with a refractive index nij or nik that is equal to a refractive index ncj or nck of the core layer that is exposed from the end surface.

Abstract: When classifying cases into categories of a category system, a classification rule is generated from information obtained from a set of cases classified into categories of another category system and the cases are classified according to the classification rule.

Abstract: An optical element comprising a transparent body 10 including a first end face 12; a second end face 14 forming a prescribed angle to the first end face; and a third end face 15 having a plurality of light reflection parts 16a-16d formed on, which respectively reflect a plurality of light signals entering one of the first end face and the second end face to cause to exit at the other of the first end face and the second end face, a pitch of the plurality of light reflecting parts formed on the third end face, which are projected on the first end face being a first pitch, and a pitch of the plurality of light reflecting parts formed on the third end face, which are projected on the second end face being a second pitch which is different from the first pitch. The light emitting element array, etc. including the light emitting elements, etc.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a compound image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the compound image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: A halogen-free, flame-retardant insulating epoxy resin composition which comprises (1) an epoxy resin, (2) a curing agent for the epoxy resin, (3) a phosphate of a resorcinol type, (4) aluminum hydroxide, and (5) a cure accelerator for the epoxy resin. The composition displays necessary flame retardant properties and sufficient insulating properties after the formation of an insulating layer in a circuit board, withstands a plating process, and does not cause the bleedout of the insulation layer formed. A circuit board with flame retardant properties comprising insulation layers formed of the epoxy resin composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure capable of optically coupling a surface type optical device, such as a surface emitting laser diode or a photodiode, and a transmission medium, such as an optical fiber, located so that their light output surface and light input surface will form an angle of about 90° with each other simply and easily. The optical waveguide structure comprises a first clad section having a curved surface for gradually turning the direction in which light travels almost squarely and a groove formed in the curved surface along the direction in which light travels, a core section which is made from a transparent material with a refractive index higher than the refractive index of the first clad section and with which the groove is filled in, and a second clad section which covers an exposed surface of the core section and the curved surface of the first clad section and which is integrated with the first clad section.

Abstract: A control section is used which executes the following steps. That is, a) making a plurality of voters respectively vote evaluation of voting-object information in accordance with an on-line voting system by using a plurality of clients, each client being set at a voters sides, b) calculating average evaluation in accordance with voting results, c) deciding a voter's rank of each of the voters in accordance with a deviation between average evaluation and evaluation by the voter concerned, and d) determining overall evaluation of voting-object information at least in accordance with a result of weighting a voting result correspondingly to the voter's rank.

Abstract: An optical circuit system which takes out at least a portion of the light of a light power source corresponding to at least one type of output voltage of an IC, board, multichip module, electronic element, or opto-electronic element and produces an optical signal, wherein the light power source is an optical waveguide into which light has been introduced, a waveguide laser, or a waveguide optical amplifier, light reflecting portions are provided at its ends and/or middle, a signal transmission waveguide is formed in contact with the side surface and/or top or bottom surface of the optical waveguide or in proximity to the same at a certain distance, and the optical signal corresponding to at least one type of output voltage of the IC, board, multichip module, electronic element, or opto-electronic element is made to propagate to the signal transmission waveguide, which optical circuit system is rich in flexibility and enables complicated optical interconnections to be handled, and components of the same.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a compound image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the compound image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: A first optical waveguide having at least a core layer with a refractive index ncj and a second optical waveguide having at least a core layer with a refractive index nck are arranged to oppose their end surfaces, and at least any one end surface of the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide is formed by the etching, and the end surface formed by the etching is covered with a coating medium with a refractive index nij or nik that is equal to a refractive index ncj or nck of the core layer that is exposed from the end surface.

Abstract: A halogen-free, flame-retardant insulating epoxy resin composition which comprises (1) an epoxy resin, (2) a curing agent for the epoxy resin, (3) a phosphate of a resorcinol type, (4) aluminum hydroxide, and (5) a cure accelerator for the epoxy resin. The composition displays necessary flame retardant properties and sufficient insulating properties after the formation of an insulating layer in a circuit board, withstands a plating process, and does not cause the bleedout of the insulation layer formed. A circuit board with flame retardant properties comprising insulation layers formed of the epoxy resin composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a complex image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the complex image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: An inference rule for determining a category is generated from a set of correct answer cases registered to a database, and the category of an unknown case is inferred. When a user determines whether or not an inference result is correct and inputs a determination result, the determined unknown case is registered to the database as a new correct answer case. By repeating such a process, correct answer cases are accumulated.

Abstract: A prism pair is employed as an optical deflecting element. The prism pair is constructed by a slab waveguide, and first and second upper electrodes and first and second lower electrodes arranged on and under the slab waveguide. These electrodes are shaped into a wedge shape (e.g., triangular shape), and change the refractive index of a part of the slab waveguide by utilizing the electrooptic effect to change the propagation direction of light.

Abstract: An optical waveguide and a first lens are formed on an underlying surface. The optical waveguide guides light along a first direction. The first lens is continuous with one end of the waveguide and converges light radiated from the end plane of the optical waveguide and diverging along directions parallel to the underlying surface. A second lens converges light transmitted through the first lens and diverging along directions perpendicular to the underlying surface. A support member supports the first and second lenses. It is possible to prevent a shift of positions of the optical waveguide and lens to be caused by a temperature change and to prevent a light coupling efficiency from being lowered.

Abstract: A halogen-tree, flame-retardant insulating epoxy resin composition which comprises (1) an epoxy resin, (2) a curing agent for the epoxy resin, (3) a phosphate of a resorcinol type, (4) aluminum hydroxide, and (5) a cure accelerator for the epoxy resin. The composition displays necessary flame retardant properties and sufficient insulating properties after the formation of an insulating layer in a circuit board, withstands a plating process, and does not cause the bleedout of the insulation layer formed. A circuit board with flame retardant properties comprising insulation layers formed of the epoxy resin composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a complex image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the complex image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: A prism pair is employed as an optical deflecting element. The prism pair is constructed by a slab waveguide, and first and second upper electrodes and first and second lower electrodes arranged on and under the slab waveguide. These electrodes are shaped into a wedge shape (e.g., triangular shape), and change the refractive index of a part of the slab waveguide by utilizing the electrooptic effect to change the propagation direction of light.

Abstract: An inference rule for determining a category is generated from a set of correct answer cases registered to a database, and the category of an unknown case is inferred. When a user determines whether or not an inference result is correct and inputs a determination result, the determined unknown case is registered to the database as a new correct answer case. By repeating such a process, correct answer cases are accumulated.

Abstract: A control section is used which executes the flowing steps. That is, a) making a plurality of voters respectively vote evaluation of voting-object information in accordance with an on-line voting system by using a plurality of clients, each client being set at a voter's sides, b) calculating average evaluation in accordance with voting results, c) deciding a voter's rank of each of the voters in accordance with a deviation between average evaluation and evaluation by the voter concerned, and d) determining overall evaluation of voting-object information at least in accordance with a result of weighting a voting result correspondingly to the voter's rank.