Abstract: There is provided an optical member capable of causing, when used for a liquid crystal display apparatus, light output from a light source to enter a liquid crystal display panel with high efficiency. An optical member according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a polarizing plate; a reflective polarizer; a polarization converting layer; and a prism layer, the polarizing plate, the reflective polarizer, the polarization converting layer, and the prism layer being integrated in the stated order, wherein the polarization converting layer satisfies the following expression: L90/L0?0.2.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a light diffusing element by which a light diffusing element having a high haze value, having strong diffusibility, and having suppressed backscattering by virtue of having a smooth surface can be manufactured at low cost and with high productivity (within a short period of time). The method of manufacturing a light diffusing element according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a step A of mixing light diffusing fine particles and an organic solvent to prepare a mixed liquid and to swell the light diffusing fine particles; a step B of mixing the mixed liquid and a matrix-forming material containing a precursor of a resin component and ultrafine particle components; and a step C of polymerizing the precursor of a resin component to form a matrix including a resin component and the ultrafine particle components.

Abstract: The present invention provides an interlayer film for laminated glass, that exhibits an excellent sound-insulating performance for solid-borne sound in an environment at or below 0° C. Another object is to provide laminated glass that is obtained using this interlayer film for laminated glass. The present invention is an interlayer film for laminated glass, that has a sound-insulating layer for which a temperature T1, which is the temperature that gives the maximum value of tan ? at a frequency of 1 Hz, is in the range from ?30° C. to 0° C.

Abstract: A film is provided with void spaces having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having strength. The film with void spaces includes one kind or two or more kinds of structural units that form a structure with minute void spaces, wherein the structural units are chemically bonded through catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The film with void spaces can be produced by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating material that allows a structure with void spaces having a strength and flexibility to be formed. The coating material of the present invention includes: pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound obtained from a silicon compound containing at least three or less functional groups having saturated bonds; and a dispersion medium, wherein the pulverized product contains a residual silanol group. The method of producing a coating material according to the present invention includes steps of: causing gelation of a silicon compound containing at least three or less functional groups having saturated bonds and mixing the gelled silicon compound and a dispersion medium. According to the coating material of the present invention, for example, a coating film is formed by coating a base with the coating material and a porous structure is formed by chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the coating film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new member having a low refractive index as a substitute for an air layer, for example. The laminated film roll of the present invention includes a long laminated film roll including: an ultra-low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.20 or less; and a resin film, wherein the ultra-low refractive index layer is stacked on the resin film. The method of forming the long laminated film roll of the present invention includes steps of: preparing a liquid containing microporous particles; coating a resin film with the liquid; and drying the liquid applied on the resin film, for example.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a silicone porous body having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having a strength. The silicone porous body of the present invention includes silicon compound microporous particles, wherein the silicon compound microporous particles are chemically bonded by catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The silicone porous body can be produced, for example, by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products, for example.

Abstract: A display device in which an image with a wide color reproduction range and bright red can be displayed is provided. The display device is a display device such as, for example, a liquid crystal display device, a cathode ray tube, an organic electroluminescent display device, a plasma display panel, and a field emission display. The display device includes a display surface including a pixel having red, green, blue, and yellow sub-pixels, wherein the red sub-pixel preferably has the largest aperture area.

Abstract: There is provided a light diffusing element made of a thin film capable of realizing low backscattering and a high haze. A light diffusing element according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first region having a first refractive index; and a second region having a second refractive index. The first region and the second region form a fine uneven-shaped and spherical shell-shaped boundary.

Abstract: The present invention provides an interlayer film for laminated glass, that exhibits an excellent sound-insulating performance for solid-borne sound in an environment at or below 0° C. Another object is to provide laminated glass that is obtained using this interlayer film for laminated glass. The present invention is an interlayer film for laminated glass, that has a sound-insulating layer for which a temperature T1, which is the temperature that gives the maximum value of tan ? at a frequency of 1 Hz, is in the range from ?30° C. to 0° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having a high transmittance and excellent visibility in a bright place. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes, in the given order, a backlight, a first circular polarizer, a liquid crystal panel, and a second circular polarizer. The first circular polarizer is a reflective circular polarizer including a reflective linear polarizer and a ?/4 plate disposed adjacent to the reflective linear polarizer. The liquid crystal display device satisfies (1) the liquid crystal panel is provided with color filters of two or more colors and has an aperture ratio lower than 43%, or (2) the liquid crystal panel is provided with no color filter and has an aperture ratio of 39% or lower.

Abstract: Provided is a fermented food extract that has a blood pressure-lowering action and is useful as a functional health food or pharmaceutical composition. This fermented food extract is obtained by: subjecting a fermented food, preferably a fermented fagopyrum esculentum lyophilisate, to acetone extraction; eluting the fermented fagopyrum esculentum acetone extract using a solid phase extract cartridge filled with a resin to which a phenyl group is bonded, with formic acid-containing water used as an eluent; and fractionating and purifying the eluate using a column (PFP column) filled with a carrier to which a pentafluorophenyl group is bonded, with formic acid/methanol-containing water used as a mobile phase. This functional health food or pharmaceutical composition contains said extract or at least a part thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality diagnostic system that can enhance diagnostic precision even if a computer arranged on the machine side does not have sufficient throughput in diagnosing a condition of a machine or equipment based upon time series data generated by a sensor and can reduce communication capacity because communication data volume decreases and industrial machinery provided with the abnormality diagnostic system. A diagnostic device on the machine side 2 diagnoses time series data generated by a sensor, acquires a primary diagnostic result, extracts time series data related to the primary diagnostic result and outputs it to a diagnostic device on the server side 3 together with the primary diagnostic result, the diagnostic device on the server side 3 diagnoses the time series data, acquires a secondary diagnostic result, and displays the secondary diagnostic result together with the primary diagnostic result.

Abstract: A method for making a stamper which has an uneven surface pattern, in which unit structures are arranged in x and y directions at respective periods that are both shorter than the shortest wavelength of an incoming light ray, on the surface of a substrate and satisfies the following Inequality (1): ? ? ? x , y ? m ? ? i ? ? n < 1 ni + ni · sin ? ? ? ? ? i ma ? ? x ( 1 ) where ?min is the shortest wavelength of the incoming light ray, ?imax is the largest angle of incidence of the incoming light ray, ni is the refractive index of an incidence medium, ?x is the period of the uneven surface pattern in the x direction, and ?y is the period of the pattern in the y direction. As a result, diffraction of short-wave light components can be reduced in a broad wavelength range.

Abstract: There is provided a light diffusing element of a thin film, which has high light diffusibility and a small depolarization factor. A light diffusing element according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first region having a first refractive index; a refractive index modulation region having a substantially spherical shell shape, which surrounds the first region; and a second region having a second refractive index, which is positioned on a side of the refractive index modulation region opposite to the first region. The light diffusing element has a haze of 90% to 99.9% and a depolarization factor of 0.2% or less.

Abstract: There is provided an extremely thin light diffusing film, which has strong light diffusibility, has suppressed backscattering, and is excellent in productivity. The light diffusing film includes: a first region having a first refractive index; a substantially spherical shell-shaped refractive index modulation region surrounding the first region; and a second region having a second refractive index, the region being positioned on a side of the refractive index modulation region opposite to the first region. The light diffusing film has a light diffusion half-value angle of 30° or more and a thickness of 4 ?m to 25 ?m, and satisfies the following expressions (1) and (2): y?0.011x(30?x?60)??(1) y?0.0275x?0.99 (60<x)??(2) where x represents the light diffusion half-value angle (°) and y represents a backscattering ratio (%), the expressions (1) and (2) each representing a relationship between a numerical value for the light diffusion half-value angle and a numerical value for the backscattering ratio.

Abstract: An interlayer film for a laminated glass that provides excellent vibration damping performance at high temperature and excellent sound insulation in a wide temperature range. The interlayer film contains a part A containing a resin composition A or a resin A and a part B containing a resin composition B or a resin B, and the part A and the part B are horizontally arranged. The interlayer film has a difference between temperatures Ta and Tb of 10° C. or larger when the temperature Ta is a temperature at which the resin composition A or the resin A shows a maximum loss tangent of a dynamic viscoelasticity at a frequency of 1 Hz, and the temperature Tb is a temperature at which the resin composition B or the resin B shows a maximum loss tangent of a dynamic viscoelasticity at a frequency of 1 Hz.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device that is narrow in viewing angle and that is capable of excellent image quality. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal panel; a prism sheet; a light guide plate; and a visible light absorber, which are provided in the stated order from a viewer side. The prism sheet has a convex portion on the opposite side from the viewer side. The visible light absorber has a luminous reflectance of 30% or less. In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is free from a reflective polarizing plate. In one embodiment, the prism sheet includes a plurality of unit prisms, which are each shaped to have a triangular prism shape and which are arranged side by side.

Abstract: The viewing angle characteristics of a multiprimary liquid crystal display device in which a plurality of red subpixels are provided in each pixel are improved. A multiprimary liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pixel defined by a plurality of subpixels, and performs multicolor display by using four or more primary colors to be displayed by the plurality of subpixels. The plurality of subpixels of the multiprimary liquid crystal display device according to the present invention include first and second red subpixels R1 and R2 for displaying red, a green subpixel G for displaying green, a blue subpixel B for displaying blue, and a cyan subpixel C for displaying cyan. When a color having a hue which is within a predetermined first range is displayed by the pixel, the gray scale level of the first red subpixel R1 and the gray scale level of the second red subpixel R2 differ from each other.

Abstract: Provided is a light diffusing element having a high haze value, strong diffusibility, and suppressed backscattering. The light diffusing element of the present invention includes a matrix including a resin component and ultrafine particle components, and light diffusing fine particles dispersed in the matrix, in which the ultrafine particle components have an average primary particle diameter of 100 nm or less, and in which the light diffusing element is substantially free of aggregated ultrafine particle components. In a preferred embodiment, the light diffusing fine particles have an average primary particle diameter of from 1 ?m to 5 ?m, the light diffusing fine particles have a coefficient of variation in weight average particle diameter distribution of 20% or less, and the light diffusing fine particles are substantially free of aggregation.