Abstract: A novel method and apparatus for initiating a reverse link intergenerational handoff in a CDMA communication system is disclosed. The inventive reverse link intergenerational handoff initialization method and apparatus measures and compares parameters between a serving base station of one generation and a target base station of another generation to determine the best possible handoff initiation time instant for performing a reverse link intergenerational hard handoff. The method and apparatus can utilize one of several embodiments to determine the best possible handoff initiation time instant. A pilot signal strength embodiment determines a handoff initiation time instant based upon the total pilot signal strength of both a serving and target base station. The Eb/Nt embodiment determines a handoff initiation time instant based upon Eb/Nt (ratio of average power per bit to total received power spectral density) values of both a serving and a target base station.

Abstract: An image detection apparatus comprises a light source and a holding apparatus adapted to hold a substrate on which a biological sample may be mounted. Light from the light source impinges on the biological sample and causes light that is representative of the sample to be emitted from the sample. A light detector is positioned in the path of the emitted light and is scanned across the emitted light. The emitted light may be focused on the light detector with an optical assembly. The emitted light may be generated by chromophores on probes in the biological sample.

Abstract: The present invention a system and method are provided for performing an inter-frequency search with reduced loss of link frames in a CDMA system. The CDMA system includes a base station (20) and a mobile station (50). The mobile station (50) has a searcher (164), which searches for pilot channels. The signal strengths of these pilot channels are then reported to the base station (20). This searching results in erased portions of a data frame (238). After the signal strengths are reported to the base station (20), the mobile station (50) informs the base station (20) of the parameters related to the search. These parameters may include the frame of the search, the start position of the search, and the length of the search. The mobile station (50) and the base station (20) then replaces the erased portions of the frame with corrective data such as soft zeros.

Abstract: In a CDMA cellular radiotelephone system, a soft handoff (SHO) is performed when a mobile station communicates with a new inter-generation base station, without interrupting communications with the old base station. Currently, a SHO can only be used between CDMA channels having identical frequency assignments and within the same system generation (i.e., 2G⇄2G, or 3G⇄3G, where 2G is a second generation system, and 3G is a third generation system). The proposed IS-2000 standard for a 2G⇄3G handoff is a hard handoff or “Break-Before-Make” procedure, which greatly reduces the quality of service (QOS). The present invention allows for SHO between second and third generation CDMA systems (2G⇄3G and 3G⇄2G), by modifying the proposed messaging structure. This provides a smooth service transition when a mobile station travels from one service area (i.e., 2G), to another service area (i.e., 3G), using the SHO or “Make-Before-Break” approach.

Abstract: An image detection apparatus comprises a light source and a holding apparatus adapted to hold a substrate on which a biological sample may be mounted. Light from the light source impinges on the biological sample and causes light that is representative of the sample to be emitted from the sample. A light detector is positioned in the path of the emitted light and is scanned across the emitted light. The emitted light may be focused on the light detector with optical assembly. The emitted light may be generated by chromophores on probes in the biological sample.

Abstract: A method for power control during soft handoffs is disclosed for a multi-user CDMA system having mixed system types, such as IS-95A/B and IS-2000. The procedure includes modifying the Forward Power Control (FPC) and Reverse Power Control (RPC) processing, in order to maintain proper power control between a mobile station and two different base stations during a soft handoff. The mobile station maintains the forward and reverse power control while still receiving forward links from different generation base stations, and while maintaining the reverse link to only one of these base stations. Prior to the soft handoff the second base station suspends FPC and RPC processing. Once the soft handoff is complete, the second base station resumes FPC and RPC processing. Furthermore, the mobile station's initial transmit power level is set to be within a predetermined limit.

Abstract: In a CDMA cellular radiotelephone system, a soft handoff (SHO) is performed when a mobile station communicates with a new inter-generation base station, without interrupting communications with the old base station. Currently, a SHO can only be used between CDMA channels having identical frequency assignments and within the same system generation (i.e., 2G2G, or 3G3G, where 2G is a second generation system, and 3G is a third generation system). The proposed IS-2000 standard for a 2G3G handoff is a hard handoff or “Break-Before-Make” procedure, which greatly reduces the quality of service (QOS). The present invention allows for SHO between second and third generation CDMA systems (2G3G and 3G2G), by modifying the proposed messaging structure. This provides a smooth service transition when a mobile station travels from one service area (i.e., 2G), to another service area (i.e., 3G), using the SHO or “Make-Before-Break” approach.

Abstract: In a CDMA cellular radiotelephone system, a soft handoff (SHO) is performed when a mobile station communicates with a new inter-generation base station, without interrupting communications with the old base station. Currently, a SHO can only be used between CDMA channels having identical frequency assignments and within the same system generation (i.e., 2G2G, or 3G3G, where 2G is a second generation system, and 3G is a third generation system). The proposed IS-2000 standard for a 2G3G handoff is a hard handoff or “Break-Before-Make” procedure, which greatly reduces the quality of service (QOS). The present invention allows for SHO between second and third generation CDMA systems (2G 3G and 3G2G), by modifying the proposed messaging structure. This provides a smooth service transition when a mobile station travels from one service area (i.e., 2G), to another service area (i.e., 3G), using the SHO or “Make-Before-Break” approach.