Abstract: Methods for providing a layer-2 data stack solution in a data plane and associated devices are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes (i) determining, among a plurality of data stack solutions that are selectable, which layer-2 data stack solution is selected and (ii) causing, according to the selected layer-2 data stack solution, the layer-2 micro controller to intervene with a data plane hardware module that is configured to implement a specific layer-2 data stack function. Each of the plurality of data stack solutions represents a distinctive intervening configuration of a layer-2 micro controller. The layer-2 micro controller is coupled to a number of data plane hardware modules that are configured to implement different layer-2 data stack functions. The intervening configuration of the layer-2 micro controller is indicative of a level of control of the layer-2 micro controller over the data plane hardware modules.

Abstract: A method includes: receiving, at a first layer of a protocol stack, multiple code blocks from a base station, the multiple code blocks is a portion of a transport block and is associated with an error rate; transmitting, to a second layer of the protocol stack, the multiple code blocks; and determining, at the second layer and based on the error rate, whether to (1) store the multiple code blocks in memory or (2) process the multiple code blocks. A method for saving power in a physical (PHY) layer-to-medium access (MAC) layer interface and a network device, and a system are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for managing a scheduling service includes (i) determining a score for each of multiple service grants from multiple cells based on a scoring function, wherein the scoring function includes one or more radio channel conditions associated with the multiple service grants; (ii) prioritizing the multiple service grants based on the determined scores; and (iii) assigning scheduling opportunities to the multiple service grants based on the determined scores of the multiple grant services from the multiple cells in a geometric decreasing manner. In the geometric decreasing manner, packets of a low priority service grant of the multiple service grants are transmitted once every two packets of a high priority service grant of the multiple service grants.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for transition smoothing implementation on a stream of data are disclosed. In an example, a system on chip (SoC) for wireless communication includes a digital front-end. The digital front-end is configured to obtain a stream of data having one carrier or multi-carriers. The stream of data is divided into a plurality of blocks. The digital front-end is also configured to adjust a gain of the stream of data based on a predetermined frequency corresponding to a length of each of the plurality of blocks. The digital front-end is also configured to append a ramp-down tail sequence to a first block of the stream of data after a last sample of the first block, and generate a ramp-up head sequence for a second block immediately after the first block, based on a head sequence of the second block.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for uplink grant handling are disclosed. In one example, a method for uplink grant handling can include receiving an uplink grant at a user equipment from a network device. The method can also include associating the uplink grant directly with a logical channel group including a plurality of logical channels. The user equipment can be configured to dequeue the logical channel group directly with priority for transmission scheduling. In some embodiments, the method can further include sending, to the network device from the user equipment, a request to associate a list of logical channel groups including the logical channel group. The request to associate can include a request to associate the plurality of logical channels with the logical channel group.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for data plane management are disclosed. In one example, an apparatus for communication both uplink and downlink can include a plurality of downlink clusters, each downlink cluster including a downlink cluster processor configured to process three or more downlink data layers. The apparatus can also include a plurality of uplink clusters, each uplink cluster including an uplink cluster processor configured to process three or more uplink data layers. The apparatus can further include a controller configured to scale the plurality of downlink clusters and configured to scale the plurality of uplink clusters. Scaling the plurality of downlink clusters and the plurality of uplink clusters can include activating or deactivating one or more clusters of the plurality of downlink clusters, the plurality of uplink clusters, or both the plurality of downlink clusters and the plurality of uplink clusters.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for uplink data plane management are disclosed. In one example, a method for handover continuity can include buffering data packets at a user equipment based on a trigger event. The data packets can be mapped to first quality of service flows and associated with first radio resources at a source network node. The method can also include identifying second quality of service flows associated with second radio resources at a target network node. The method can further include remapping from the first quality of service flows to the second quality of service flows. The method can additionally include transmitting the buffered data packets from the user equipment toward the target node based on the remapping.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for uplink data transmission preparation and a baseband chip for packet preparation for uplink transmission are disclosed. In an example, a method for packet preparation for uplink transmission can include determining, by a user equipment, a quality of service identifier associated with a quality of service flow. The method can also include mapping, by the user equipment, the quality of service identifier to a group token level. The method can further include processing, by the user equipment, the quality of service flow in accordance with the group token level.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for random access are disclosed. In an example, a user equipment can include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code can be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the user equipment at least to send a trigger message and unique identifier in a first message from the user equipment to a network node. The at least one memory and the computer program code can also be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the user equipment at least to receive an acknowledgement at the user equipment in a second message from the network node using the user equipment's unique identifier. Contention resolution for the user equipment can be concluded with only the first message and the second message.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for digital variable gain adjustment (DVGA) are disclosed. In an example, a baseband chip includes an unpacking module, a symbol recording module operatively coupled to the unpacking module, and a first variable gain adjusting (VGA) module operatively coupled to the symbol recording module. The unpacking module is configured to unpack a plurality of symbols from a first representation of pseudo floating-point numbers to a second representation of fixed-point numbers. The symbol recording module is configured to obtain a symbol parameter based on the unpacking. The first VGA module is configured to dynamically adjust gains of the plurality of symbols having the second representation based on the symbol parameter.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an electric-machine housing structure, wherein the electric-machine housing structure includes an outer housing, an inner housing and a plurality of intermediate pieces provided between the outer housing and the inner housing; and the intermediate pieces are overall hollow arcuate structures or annular structures, upper surfaces and lower surfaces of the intermediate pieces are provided with a plurality of protrusions and/or grooves, the protrusions and/or grooves of the upper surfaces match with and are fixed to grooves and/or protrusions on an inner circumferential face of the outer housing, and the protrusions and/or grooves of the lower surfaces match with and are fixed to grooves and/or protrusions on an outer circumferential face of the inner housing.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for weighted overlap-and-add (WOLA) implementation on streamed symbols are disclosed. In an example, a radio frequency (RF) chip includes a RF front-end and a digital front-end operatively coupled to the RF front-end. The digital front-end includes a set of registers storing a length of a cyclic suffix. The digital front-end also includes a WOLA module configured to copy a portion of a first symbol identified based on the length of the cyclic suffix, and append the copied portion to an end of the first symbol with a ramping-down window to form a weighed cyclic suffix of the first symbol.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a baseband (BB) integrated circuit (IC) semiconductor device connected to a radiofrequency (RF) IC semiconductor device through a digital interface. The BB IC semiconductor device is configured to generate time domain uplink data including symbols. The RF IC semiconductor device has a fast Fourier transfer (FFT) module configured to convert time domain downlink data to frequency domain downlink data and an inverse fast Fourier transfer (IFFT) module configured to convert frequency domain uplink data to time domain uplink data. The digital interface is configured to transfer the frequency domain uplink data and the frequency domain downlink data between the BB module and the RF module.

Abstract: Introduced here are approaches to classifying traffic that comprises data packets. For each data packet, a classification engine implemented on a computing device can identify an appropriate class from amongst multiple classes using a lookup table implemented in a memory. The memory could be, for example, static random-access memory (SRAM) as further discussed below. Moreover, the classification engine may associate an identifier with each data packet that specifies the class into which the data packet has been assigned. For example, each data packet could have an identifier appended thereto (e.g., in the form of metadata). Then, the data packets can be placed into queues based on the identifiers. Each queue may be associated with a different identifier (and thus a different class).

Abstract: A heating body of an epitaxial growth device is provided. The heating body (1) includes a supporting base (11) and a tray (2). The supporting base (11) extends along an axis of the epitaxial growth device (100). The tray (2) is mounted on the supporting base (11) to support a substrate. The supporting base (11) is configured to generate heat by an electromagnetic induction with an induction coil, which in turn heats the tray (2). The tray (2) is configured to transfer heat to the substrate to heat the substrate. The supporting base (11) is provided with a temperature control channel (3), which is close to an edge of the tray (2), and along a direction perpendicular to a surface of the supporting base (11), a part of a projection of the temperature control channel (3) is on the tray (2).

Abstract: An epitaxial growth device is provided, which includes an induction coil and a reaction body, and the induction coil is disposed along a circumferential direction of the reaction body; and the reaction body includes a heating base and a plurality of trays, wherein the heating base includes a plurality of workspaces, the plurality of trays are disposed in the plurality of workspaces, respectively, and each of the plurality of trays is disposed in a corresponding workspace; wherein each of the plurality of trays is configured to support a substrate, and each of the plurality of trays is capable of independently rotating relative to the heating base.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for grant-free uplink communication may be applicable to communication systems, such as wireless communication systems. In an example, a method for grant-free uplink communication can include requesting, by a user equipment, a plurality of instances of configured grants, each with at least one of a specific resource level, repetition, or period. The method can also include receiving, at the user equipment, a pre-allocation of the requested plurality of instances of the configured grants at the at least one of the specific resource level, repetition, or period. The method can further include transmitting, by the user equipment, data according to the pre-allocation. In some examples, the transmitting the data can include transmitting at varying data rates up to a level provided by the pre-allocation, depending on user equipment needs.

Abstract: Introduced here are techniques for reducing the average throughout of a baseband (BB)-radio frequency (RF) interface. The techniques include removing excess bits from a received signal based on the signal to noise ratio (SNR), rotating the reduced signal to direct current frequency, and applying a coding scheme to further compress the signal. After compression, the signal can be transmitted from one chip to another. The receiving chip can retrieve the signal by rotating the signal to its original frequency and retrieving the removed bits based uplink gain information. By doing so, the number of bits being transmitted is reduced and thus, the average throughput of the BB-RF interface is also reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus and method for implementing weighted overlap-and-add (WOLA) after digital gain adjustment are disclosed. In an example, an apparatus for wireless communication includes a baseband chip and a radio frequency (RF) chip including a digital front-end. The baseband chip is configured to generate a stream of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols and adjust gains of the stream of OFDM symbols. The baseband chip or the RF chip is configured to apply WOLA to the stream of OFDM symbols having the adjusted gains.

Abstract: Introduced here are techniques for reducing the average throughout of a baseband (BB)-radio frequency (RF) interface. The techniques include removing excess bits from a received signal based on the signal to noise ratio (SNR), rotating the reduced signal to direct current frequency, and applying a coding scheme to further compress the signal. After compression, the signal can be transmitted from one chip to another. The receiving chip can retrieve the signal by rotating the signal to its original frequency and retrieving the removed bits based uplink gain information. By doing so, the number of bits being transmitted is reduced and thus, the average throughput of the BB-RF interface is also reduced.