Abstract: A wavelength conversion apparatus includes a base having a first surface, a wavelength converter disposed at a first surface side of the base and configured to convert first light having a first wavelength band into second light having a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, the wavelength converter including a light exiting surface which is provided at the side opposite from the base and via which the second light exits, a liquid metal disposed between the base and the wavelength converter, and a first restrictor holding the wavelength converter at the base and restricting a position of the wavelength converter in a first direction along a normal to the light exiting surface.

Abstract: Methods of culturing cells capable of producing desired proteins to obtain the proteins by use of a medium from which biological components are excluded as much as possible are provided. Specifically, a culture method characterized by culturing while maintaining a specific amino acid in a culture solution at a high concentration, and a cell culture fed-batch medium for use in the method are provided.

Abstract: Methods of culturing cells capable of producing desired proteins to obtain the proteins by use of a medium from which biological components are excluded as much as possible are provided. Specifically, a culture method characterized by culturing while maintaining a specific amino acid in a culture solution at a high concentration, and a cell culture fed-batch medium for use in the method are provided.

Abstract: A light source device includes a first light source configured to emit first color light, a wavelength conversion element configured to convert a wavelength of excitation light made incident thereon and emit converted light having a wavelength larger than the wavelength of the excitation light, and an emission-position changing mechanism configured to change an emission position of the incident excitation light to thereby change an incident position of the excitation light on the wavelength conversion element and change an emission position of the first color light and an emission position of the converted light in the same direction in synchronization with each other.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a light source configured to emit first light, a wavelength converter configured to convert the first light into second light, an optical element disposed in an optical path of the first light to be incident on the wavelength converter, a light collector configured to collect the first light emitted from the optical element toward the wavelength converter, and a driver configured to rotate the optical element and the light collector around a rotation axis parallel to a first optical axis of the first light. The optical element has a first surface on which the first light is incident and a second surface via which the first light exits. The first light emitted from the light collector is incident on the wavelength converter along the second optical axis. The first optical axis and the second optical axis are shifted from each other.

Abstract: A wavelength converter according to the present disclosure includes a wavelength conversion layer having a first surface on which excitation light that belongs to a first wavelength band is incident and a second surface different from the first surface and converts the excitation light into fluorescence that belongs to a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, and a base so provided as to face the second surface. The base includes a first heat dissipation section so provided as to face a light incident area of the first surface that is an area on which the excitation light is incident and a second heat dissipation section the thermal conductivity of which in a first direction that intersects the first surface is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first heat dissipation section.

Abstract: A cooler includes an evaporator and a condenser. The evaporator includes a housing, a wick, and a groove member having a plurality of vapor flow channels through which working fluid changed in phase from a liquid phase to a gas phase flows, the groove member being coupled to the wick. The housing includes a heat receiver to which the heat is transferred from a cooling target. The groove member includes a plurality of plate-like members, arranged side by side along a predetermined direction, and constituting the plurality of vapor flow channels. Each of the plate-like members includes a bent part formed by bending a part of the plate-like member, the bent part being coupled to the heat receiver.

Abstract: A light source device of the present disclosure includes a light source, a wavelength conversion unit having a fluorescent material excited by a light output from the light source and generating fluorescence and a fluorescent material supporting substrate supporting the fluorescent material, and a housing part with the light source fixed thereto supporting the wavelength conversion unit, wherein the wavelength conversion unit is shiftably supported relative to the housing part.

Abstract: A cooling device includes an evaporator. The evaporator includes a housing having a reserver, a wick and a groove member having a plurality of vapor flow channels through which the working fluid changed in phase from the liquid phase to the vapor phase flows. The groove member is constituted by alternately stacking two or more first metal plates coupled to the wick and two or more second metal plates disposed at a larger distance from the wick than that of the first metal plate. One vapor flow channels is formed between the first metal plates adjacent to each other at the wick side of the groove member. A dimension along the first direction is larger than a dimension along the second direction in a cross-sectional surface of the vapor flow channel when viewing the groove member along a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: A projector includes a first light modulation device, a second light modulation device, a third light modulation device, a first light source configured to emit excitation light, a fluorescence emitting element which is excited by the excitation light to emit fluorescence toward an incidence side of the excitation light, a first dichroic mirror configured to guide the excitation light to the fluorescence emitting element, and separate the fluorescence emitted from the fluorescence emitting element into first colored light and second colored light, and a second dichroic mirror configured to guide the excitation light to the first dichroic mirror, and reflect the second colored light separated by the first dichroic mirror, wherein the first colored light separated by the first dichroic mirror enters the first light modulation device, and the second colored light reflected by the second dichroic mirror enters the second light modulation device.

Abstract: A light source device of the present disclosure includes a light source, a wavelength conversion unit having a fluorescent material excited by a light output from the light source and generating fluorescence and a fluorescent material supporting substrate supporting the fluorescent material, and a housing part with the light source fixed thereto supporting the wavelength conversion unit, wherein the wavelength conversion unit is shiftably supported relative to the housing part.

Abstract: A wavelength converter according to the present disclosure includes a wavelength conversion layer having a first surface on which excitation light that belongs to a first wavelength band is incident and a second surface different from the first surface and converts the excitation light into fluorescence that belongs to a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, and a base so provided as to face the second surface. The base includes a first heat dissipation section so provided as to face a light incident area of the first surface that is an area on which the excitation light is incident and a second heat dissipation section the thermal conductivity of which in a first direction that intersects the first surface is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first heat dissipation section.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element includes a wavelength conversion layer which has a first face on which an excitation light is incident and a second face facing the first face, a first layer which is provided facing the second face and contains a first inorganic oxide, a second layer which is provided facing the first layer and contains a first metal or a second inorganic oxide that is different from the first inorganic oxide, and a third layer which is provided facing the second layer, contains either silver or aluminum, and reflects the excitation light or a light obtained by wavelength conversion of the excitation light by the wavelength conversion layer.

Abstract: A cooler includes an evaporator and a condenser. The evaporator includes a housing, a wick, and a groove member having a plurality of vapor flow channels through which working fluid changed in phase from a liquid phase to a gas phase flows, the groove member being coupled to the wick. The housing includes a heat receiver to which the heat is transferred from a cooling target. The groove member includes a plurality of plate-like members, arranged side by side along a predetermined direction, and constituting the plurality of vapor flow channels. Each of the plate-like members includes a bent part formed by bending a part of the plate-like member, the bent part being coupled to the heat receiver.

Abstract: A projector includes a first light modulation device, a second light modulation device, a third light modulation device, a first light source configured to emit excitation light, a fluorescence emitting element which is excited by the excitation light to emit fluorescence toward an incidence side of the excitation light, a first dichroic mirror configured to guide the excitation light to the fluorescence emitting element, and separate the fluorescence emitted from the fluorescence emitting element into first colored light and second colored light, and a second dichroic mirror configured to guide the excitation light to the first dichroic mirror, and reflect the second colored light separated by the first dichroic mirror, wherein the first colored light separated by the first dichroic mirror enters the first light modulation device, and the second colored light reflected by the second dichroic mirror enters the second light modulation device.

Abstract: A cooling device includes an evaporator. The evaporator includes a housing having a reserver, a wick and a groove member having a plurality of vapor flow channels through which the working fluid changed in phase from the liquid phase to the vapor phase flows. The groove member is constituted by alternately stacking two or more first metal plates coupled to the wick and two or more second metal plates disposed at a larger distance from the wick than that of the first metal plate. One vapor flow channels is formed between the first metal plates adjacent to each other at the wick side of the groove member. A dimension along the first direction is larger than a dimension along the second direction in a cross-sectional surface of the vapor flow channel when viewing the groove member along a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wavelength conversion element including a wavelength conversion layer having a first surface including an excitation light irradiated region irradiated with excitation light and a second surface being opposed to the first surface, the wavelength conversion layer wavelength-converting the excitation light into converted light having a wavelength different from the wavelength of the excitation light, a reflection member provided on a portion of the second surface, the reflection member including an inorganic oxide layer and reflecting the excitation light and the converted light, a first layer disposed in a first region that faces the reflection member and in a second region that does not face the reflection member on the second surface of the wavelength conversion layer, a bonding material so provided as to face the first layer, and a base bonded to the first layer via the bonding material.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element includes a wavelength conversion layer having a first surface which excitation light enters, and a second surface opposed to the first surface, and adapted to perform wavelength conversion on the excitation light, a substrate disposed so as to be opposed to the second surface, and a bonding layer adapted to bond the wavelength conversion layer and the substrate to each other, and the bonding layer has a first bonding material disposed in a first region opposed to an incident area of the excitation light in the second surface, and a second bonding material disposed in at least a second region located on an outer periphery of the first region and lower in Young's modulus than the first bonding material.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a light emitter that emits excitation light, a support member having an accommodation space on the optical path of the excitation light, a light guide system provided on the optical path in the accommodation space, and a wavelength conversion element provided on the optical path of the excitation light having passed through the light guide system and including a phosphor layer, a substrate that supports the phosphor layer, and a light reflection surface provided between the phosphor layer and the substrate. The substrate is so supported by the support member that the phosphor layer faces the light guide system. The substrate is thermally connected to the support member, and the support member includes a light exit section that transmits fluorescence emitted from the phosphor layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wavelength conversion element including a wavelength conversion layer having a first surface including an excitation light irradiated region irradiated with excitation light and a second surface being opposed to the first surface, the wavelength conversion layer wavelength-converting the excitation light into converted light having a wavelength different from the wavelength of the excitation light, a reflection member provided on a portion of the second surface, the reflection member including an inorganic oxide layer and reflecting the excitation light and the converted light, a first layer disposed in a first region that faces the reflection member and in a second region that does not face the reflection member on the second surface of the wavelength conversion layer, a bonding material so provided as to face the first layer, and a base bonded to the first layer via the bonding material.