Abstract: A sputtering apparatus to be used in reactive sputtering which mixes a reactive gas into a discharge gas so as to form chemical compound thin membranes.A heating means is provided for heating the target. Light such as infrared rays or the like, and laser beams are ideal as the heating means. A thermometer for applying light is preferable to measure the temperature of at least one portion of the target for controlling the heating condition of the target. The composition of the thin membrane to be formed by the reactive sputtering can may be made constant.

Abstract: A laser sputtering apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, a laser for radiating a laser beam, a vacuum sealing window arranged at the chamber for introducing the beam into the chamber, a film transporting device for transporting a film while the film is passing near the window and a substrate holder arranged opposite to the window with the film therebetween for holding a substrate. The film has high laser transmission and a surface over which material for a thin film to be formed on the substrate is deposited. The device transports the film while the surface of the film is opposed to the substrate. The laser beam sputters the material on the thin film onto the substrate.

Abstract: A sputtering apparatus for producing a thin film with use of a laser beam is disclosed. The sputtering apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber, a target and a substrate disposed inside the vacuum chamber, a laser beam-projecting unit, a beam-shape adjusting unit, an optical scanning unit, and a light-converging unit. The optical scanning unit comprises a mirror which rotates to allow the laser beam to scan the target, and the angular speed thereof is regulated so as to move the spot of the laser beam at a fixed speed on the target. The beam-shape adjusting unit or the light-converging unit moves along its optical axis in synchronization with the movement of the mirror of the optical scanning unit, thereby keeping the spot of the laser beam at a predetermined size.

Abstract: A laser sputtering apparatus has a vacuum chamber, a target holder installed in the vacuum chamber, arranged to oppose the target in the vacuum chamber, a substrate mounted on the substrate support, and a laser beam source which emits laser beams onto the target through a window provided in the vacuum chamber wall, providing a laser sputtering apparatus that supplies dielectric thin films with a high permittivity and a high withstanding voltage.

Abstract: A sputtering apparatus includes: a discharge chamber having four curved side surfaces protruding toward a center of the chamber to form a discharge space surrounded by the side surfaces therein; a gas inlet and a gas outlet each formed at the chamber; cylindrical cathodes; plural permanent magnets arranged outside each of the side surfaces of the chamber; a sputtering electrode arranged at the space surrounded by the curved side surfaces; and a bed for holding a substrate, which is arranged in the chamber and opposed to the sputtering electrode. Each of the cathodes is arranged between the adjacent curved side surfaces of the chamber. A negative electric potential is applied to each of the cathodes. The adjacent permanent magnets have different magnetic poles to each other. The surface of substrate held by the bed is parallel to the opposed surface of the sputtering electrode, and the surfaces of the substrate and the electrode are arranged crossing the curved side surfaces.

Abstract: A programmable controller according to the present invention has memory means (P) for registering any functional instruction. On the basis of a functional instruction stored in the memory means, an individual functional instruction (Func) is repeatedly output to a machine tool. When the format of a functional instruction changes due to a difference in input conditions, input condition (B, C) data are created as a ladder and, by executing a single fixed input condition (A), the lead address of an area storing the parameter of the individual functional instruction is called and output, whereby a functional instruction of a unified format is executed.

Abstract: A light sheet material for a paraglider having an excellent tear strength and weather resistance comprises a polyester fiber woven fabric substrate impregnated with a waterproofing agent and a coating layer formed on the substrate and consisting essentially of a polysiloxane-modified polyurethane resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a digitizing method for moving a contactor along a model on the basis of tracer control and digitizing probe position data upon accepting the data. When three points most recently accepted are P.sub.1, P.sub.2 and P.sub.3 in the order of acceptance, the point P.sub.2 is not digitized if an angle .theta. defined by a vector P.sub.1 P.sub.2 and a vector P.sub.2 P.sub.3 is larger than a predetermined angle .theta..sub.MAX.

Abstract: A correlation between numbers of input/output ports in a robot controller and F keys (F0-F15) provided on the off-line programming apparatus is preset and stored in a storage area (1c-2). In this state, off-line control is executed based on robot data stored in a storage area (1c-1). If input of a prescribed signal is being awaited, an F key corresponding to the port through which this signal is inputted is pressed to generate this signal artificially. As a result, since the conditions for executing the next command are satisfied, the next command is executed. If output of a prescribed signal is being awaited, an F key corresponding to the port through which this signal is outputted is pressed to generate this signal artificially. As a result, since the conditions for executing the next command are satisfied, the next command is executed.

Abstract: Preregistered in a memory (103) as conversion tables for storing NC data of a first type into NC data of a second type are a G-code conversion table (GTB) giving the correlation between G codes of the first NC data and G codes of the second NC data, and M-code conversion table (MTB) giving the correlation between M codes of the first NC data and M codes of the second NC data, and a coordinate command code conversion table (PTB) giving the correlation between coordinate command codes (X, Y, Z, I, J, K codes) of the first NC data and second NC data. The format of the first NC data is changed to the format of the second NC data by making use of these conversion tables (GTB, MTB, PTB).

Abstract: There is provided a numerical control unit having a processor (102a), a control program memory (102b), a memory (102c) for storing files, and input means (102d) for accessing the files. The processor (102a), in accordance with the control program, processes externally entered control data to numerically control a machine connected thereto. The arrangement is such that the name of a file to be protected is stored in the memory (102c) of the numerical control unit and, the name of an object file is compared with the protected file name in the memory (102c), when a modification command and the name of the object file are entered from the input means (102d). Processing for modifying the file is executed, on the condition that there is a processing confirmation input from the input means (102d), when the object is a file protected file.

Abstract: A machining process sequence defined by machining definition steps is displayed on a display screen in the form of a flowchart (FLC). In subsequently performed processing for automatically deciding a machining process sequence, the machining process sequence is revised in such a manner that machining processes (e.g. 01/01. 02/01, 03/01), the order of which must not be changed, are arranged in a serial machining sequence and machining processes (e.g. 02/01, 02/02, 02/03, 02/04, 02/05), the order of which may be changed, are arranged in parallel. NC data are created on the basis of the revised machining process sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an area cutting method for cutting the interior of an area (AR) by moving a tool along a plurality of offset paths successively offset in an inward direction from a closed curve (AR) specifying the area. The area cutting method includes determining whether the area (AR) bounded by the closed curve (OLC) is to be divided, obtaining, if division is necessary, division suitability a division value for all sets of apices, in which any two apices form a set, by using an evaluation function indicative of a preset division suitability or value, dividing the area by a straight line connecting the two apices (P5, P7) of the set having the maximum suitability, executing similar processing for each divided area (PG1, PG2), deciding tool paths on the basis of the final divided areas, and performing area cutting by moving a tool along the tool paths.

Abstract: A method of creating a hole drilling program reduces the number of times tools are changed. The method includes the steps (a) a step of (a) creating a part program (P1-P3) for every hole of a different shape, each part program comprising records arranged in a machining process sequence and including a tool used (A-K); (b) finding a tool ("C") having the highest frequency of common use in the part programs (P1-P3); (c) separating each part program which includes the common tool ("C") as a tool used into an anterior part program section (Pi1, i=1, 2, . . . ) and a posterior part program section (Pi2, i=1, 2, . . . ) at the common the tool, and adopting the following tool selection sequence: tool group used in the anterior part program section precedes the common tool ("C") which precedes the tool group used in the posterior part program section; (d) deciding a tool selection sequence (A.fwdarw.B.fwdarw.F.fwdarw.H.fwdarw.I.fwdarw.C.fwdarw.D.fwdarw.G.fwdarw.E .fwdarw.J.fwdarw.

Abstract: The invention relates to an area cutting method in which a tool is moved along a plurality of paths (CP3-CPo, LP5-LP1) successively offset in an inward direction from a closed curve (OFC) specifying an area (AR), or in other words, in which the tool is moved in a spider web-like pattern, to cut the interior of the area. More particularly, the invention relates to an area cutting method in which, when an area is divided into a plurality of convex polygons, the number of cutting paths in each convex polygonal portion is decided in dependence upon the size of the convex polygon and the cut-in pitch (path interval) of each convex polygonal portion is made substantially the allowable cut-in pitch.

Abstract: An NC data creation method in an automatic programming apparatus in which NC data are created for moving a tool, after the tool has completed the machining of a first area (AR1), to a second area (AR2) to perform predetermined machining at the second area. The method includes checking whether an auxiliary position input mode has been set. If auxiliary position input mode has not been set, then temporarily haling automatic creation of NC data, thereafter inputting auxiliary positions (PA1, PA2) conversationally, and creating NC data for moving the tool to the second area via the inputted auxiliary positions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an area cutting method for cutting the interior of an area (AR) by moving a tool along a plurality of offset paths (CPT1, CPT2, . . . CPTn) successively offset in an inward direction from a closed curve (OLC) specifying the area (AR). In accordance with the area cutting method, the centroid (W) of the area is found and a check is performed as to whether the centroid lies inside the area. It is also checked whether line segments (L1, L2, L3, . . . ) connecting the centroid with the apices (P1, P2, . . . , P10) of the area intersect the closed curve (OLC'). If the centroid (W) lies within the area and none of the line segments intersect the closed curve, the area is not divided into a plurality of convex polygons even if the area is a concave polygon.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface cutting method for back-and-forth surface cutting of the interior of an area (AR) bounded by a closed curve.The surface cutting method includes repeating the following steps:a step of obtaining points of intersection P.sub.i, Q.sub.i between an i-th cutting path (PT.sub.i) and an offset curve offset (OFC') by (T+C+R) to the outer side of the closed curve, as well as points of intersection P.sub.i+1, Q.sub.i+1 between the offset curve and an (i+1)th cutting path (PT.sub.i+1), where T, C and R represent excess thickness, amount of clearance and tool radius, respectively;a step of obtaining a coordinate value, in the cutting path direction, of an outermost point R.sub.i on the offset curve (OFC') between the points of intersection Q.sub.i, Q.sub.i+1, where Q.sub.i is a point of intersection on a cutting end point side of the i-th cutting path (PT.sub.i) and Q.sub.i+1 is a point of intersection on a cutting starting point side of the (i+1)th cutting path (PT.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface cutting method for cutting a surface within an area (AR) bounded by a predetermined closed curve (CCL) by moving a tool (TL) along a cutting path (PT.sub.i) in a predetermined direction (direction of arrow A) to cut the surface within the area, thenceforth moving the tool along an adjacent cutting path (PT.sub.i+1), obtained by a shift of a predetermined amount, to cut the surface, and repeating these surface cutting operations.

Abstract: A graphic display method for transforming three-dimensional coordinate values (x, y, z) of an object to be displayed into coordinate values (X,Y) of a two-dimensional display coordinate system on a CRT display screen (DPS), and displaying a perspective view of the object on the CRT display screen (DPS) by using two-dimensional coordinate values obtained by the transformation. In the method, .beta. represents an angle between x and y axes among three-dimensional coordinate axes of the perspective view displayed on the CRT screen (where the counter-clockwise direction is taken as positive with the x axis serving as a reference), .alpha. represents the angle between the x axis and an X axis of a display coordinate system (where the counter-clockwise direction is taken as positive with the X axis serving as a reference), and (X.sub.o,Y.sub.o) represent coordinate values of a three-dimensional coordinate origin (DRP) of the perspective view in the display coordinate system.