Abstract: A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device includes an inputting step for inputting program data to a first latch of each of page buffers, and inputting redundancy data to a second latch of each of the page buffers, a verification result storage step for performing a program operation on selected memory cells using the program data stored in the first latch, performing a verification operation for the program operation, and storing a result of the verification operation in the first latch of each of the page buffers coupled with the selected memory cells, a verification result change step for changing the result stored in the first latch using the redundancy data stored in the second latch, and a verification check step for determining whether all data stored in the second latches, after the verification result change step, are program pass data.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a polarizing plate includes: providing a polarizing roll film having transmission axes; and cutting the polarizing roll film with a knife having a plurality of openings each having a rectangular shape to form a plurality of polarizing plates, the plurality of openings parallel to the transmission axes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a bifunctional catalyst for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxide and particulate matters, capable of decomposing nitrogen monoxide and generating nitrogen dioxide through oxidation of nitrogen monoxide, a composite catalyst including the catalyst for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxide and particulate matters used for an apparatus to decrease exhaust gas of diesel vehicles, and a method for preparation thereof. The catalyst and the composite catalyst can be used in a device for reducing exhaust gas contaminants mounted on a diesel vehicle and an exhaust gas purification system comprising the device.

Abstract: A method of operating a nonvolatile memory device includes performing a program operation on memory cells included in a selected page, checking whether a verification operation for the programmed memory cells is passed or failed by performing the verification operation, counting a number of error bits for the selected page, if the verification operation is failed, performing an error checking and correction (ECC) algorithm using an error correction circuit, if the counted number of error bits is less than or equal to a number of correctable bits, and storing the counted number of error bits in a specific one of a plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A polarization direction measuring apparatus includes: a first polarizing plate having an unknown polarization direction about a reference axis; a sample whose polarization direction is to be measured; a rotatable sample holder on which the sample is mounted in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, wherein the sample holder rotates the sample along a reference axis in the azimuth direction; a light source that generates light passing though the first polarizing plate and the sample; and a light detector detecting light generated by the light source that passes though the first polarizing plate and the sample.

Abstract: A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device includes an inputting step for inputting program data to a first latch of each of page buffers, and inputting redundancy data to a second latch of each of the page buffers, a verification result storage step for performing a program operation on selected memory cells using the program data stored in the first latch, performing a verification operation for the program operation, and storing a result of the verification operation in the first latch of each of the page buffers coupled with the selected memory cells, a verification result change step for changing the result stored in the first latch using the redundancy data stored in the second latch, and a verification check step for determining whether all data stored in the second latches, after the verification result change step, are program pass data.

Abstract: A method of operating a nonvolatile memory device comprises reading erase number information which is updated and stored whenever erasure is performed, setting program start voltages and step voltages based on the erase number information, and performing a program operation based on the program start voltages and the step voltages.

Abstract: A flash memory device comprises a memory cell array having a plurality of blocks. An address register section is configured to receive a start block address of the first block to be erased among a plurality of blocks to be erased and a last block address of the last block to be erased among the plurality of blocks to be erased. A controlling logic circuit is configured to output an erase command signal and an erase block address corresponding to one of the blocks to be erased. A block address comparing section is configured to compare the erase block address output by the controlling logic circuit with the last block address, and output an erase progress signal based on the comparison of the erase block address and the last block address to the controlling logic circuit. The controlling logic circuit outputs an erase block address of to another block to be erased until the erase progress signal indicates that the last block to be erased has been or is being erased.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture using a biopolymer, including: introducing hemocyte or extrapallial fluid, extracted from shells, into a reactor filled with 1 L of a solution containing a calcium source, and then dissolving the hemocyte or extrapallial fluid in the solution to form a mixed solution; and mixing carbon dioxide or a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide into the mixed solution to separate carbon dioxide from the gas mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a unit counter block. According to an aspect of the present invention, the unit counter block includes a D-flipflop, a second MUX, and a first MUX. The-flipflop outputs first and second output signals in synchronism with a clock signal. The second MUX selects any one of external data and the second output signal of the D-flipflop in response to a data load signal and outputs a selected signal. The first MUX transfers any one of the first output signal of the D-flipflop and the output signal of the second MUX as an input signal of the D-flipflop in response to a counter enable signal or the data load signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture using a biopolymer, including: introducing hemocyte or extrapallial fluid, extracted from shells, into a reactor filled with 1L of a solution containing a calcium source, and then dissolving the hemocyte or extrapallial fluid in the solution to form a mixed solution; and mixing carbon dioxide or a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide into the mixed solution to separate carbon dioxide from the gas mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a unit counter block. According to an aspect of the present invention, the unit counter block includes a D-flipflop, a second MUX, and a first MUX. The-flipflop outputs first and second output signals in synchronism with a clock signal. The second MUX selects any one of external data and the second output signal of the D-flipflop in response to a data load signal and outputs a selected signal. The first MUX transfers any one of the first output signal of the D-flipflop and the output signal of the second MUX as an input signal of the D-flipflop in response to a counter enable signal or the data load signal.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a polarizing plate includes: providing a polarizing roll film having transmission axes; and cutting the polarizing roll film with a knife having a plurality of openings each having a rectangular shape to form a plurality of polarizing plates, the plurality of openings parallel to the transmission axes.

Abstract: A flash memory device comprises a memory cell array having a plurality of blocks. An address register section is configured to receive a start block address of the first block to be erased among a plurality of blocks to be erased and a last block address of the last block to be erased among the plurality of blocks to be erased. A controlling logic circuit is configured to output an erase command signal and an erase block address corresponding to one of the blocks to be erased. A block address comparing section is configured to compare the erase block address output by the controlling logic circuit with the last block address, and output an erase progress signal based on the comparison of the erase block address and the last block address to the controlling logic circuit. The controlling logic circuit outputs an erase block address of to another block to be erased until the erase progress signal indicates that the last block to be erased has been or is being erased.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an ultrasound imaging system and method based on simultaneous multiple transmit-focusing using the weighted orthogonal chirp signals so that resolution of an ultrasound image is enhanced without sacrifice in the frame rate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing nanofilter media includes feeding catalyst nanoparticles into a reactor to attach the catalyst nanoparticles to microfilter media located in the reactor and serving as a substrate; feeding a source gas and a reactive gas onto the catalyst nanoparticles; and heating the reactor to synthesize and grow, in the reactor, from the catalyst nanoparticles, any of nanotubes and nanofibers, to obtain a nanofilter media composed of the nanotubes or nanofibers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an ultrasound imaging system and method which make a harmonic image of a good SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) by effectively removing fundamental frequency components through a pulse-compressing using the weighted chirp signals. The ultrasound imaging system includes: a transducer array for converting weighted chirp signals to ultrasound signals, and transmitting the ultrasound signals to a target object; a receiver for receiving signals reflected from the target object; a pulse-compressor for selectively pulse-compressing fundamental frequency components or harmonic frequency components in the reflected signals; and a producer for producing receive-focused signals from the pulse-compressed signals. Therefore, the ultrasound imaging system can form ultrasound image using the fundamental frequency components, and can form ultrasound harmonic image using the harmonic frequency components according to 2fo-correlation method or 2fo-correlation(PI) method.

Abstract: A deflection yoke for a color cathode ray tube is disclosed which is easily assembled. The deflection yoke has a separator, a ferrite core and a position holding unit provided to the separator and the ferrite core, for holding the ferrite core in a predetermined position with respect to the separator. The position holding unit comprises at least one pair of alignment parts consisting of a raised portion and a depressed portion, the raised portion and the depressed portion being provided on the ferrite core and the separator, respectively, and being fitted to each other.