Abstract: The present invention relates to a medium composition for production of botulinum toxin and, more particularly, to a medium composition for culture of Clostridium sp. capable of producing botulinum toxin. The medium composition of the present invention comprises a casein hydrolysate and at least one plant-derived peptone selected from the group consisting of a garden pea hydrolysate, a cotton seed hydrolysate and a wheat gluten hydrolysate. When the medium according to the present invention, which contains plant-derived peptones, casein hydrolysates and minerals, is used for culture of Clostridium botulinum, the growth rate of the bacterium in the medium is higher than that in each of the medium that is in current use and the medium comprising plant-derived peptones alone. In addition, when the medium of the present invention is used, a high concentration of botulinum toxin can be produced by culturing the bacterium in a safe manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a medium composition for production of botulinum toxin and, more particularly, to a medium composition for culture of Clostridium sp. capable of producing botulinum toxin. The medium composition of the present invention comprises at least one plant-derived peptone selected from the group consisting of a garden pea hydrolysate, a cotton seed hydrolysate and a wheat gluten hydrolysate. When the medium according to the present invention, which contains plant-derived peptones and minerals, is used for culture of Clostridium botulinum, the growth rate of the bacterium in the medium is about 1.5-2 times higher than that in the medium that is in current use. In addition, when botulinum toxin is produced by culturing the bacterium in the medium, infection with transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) or the like can be prevented by blocking introduction of animal-derived components.

Abstract: The demand response system comprises an automatic meter reading (AMR) unit to generate metering information. The demand response system comprises a multiple utility complex unit (MUC) which provides DR information based on the metering information and manages utility supply schedule in combination. The demand response system comprises an eco index (EI) calculation unit which calculates an eco index based on the metering information. The demand response system comprises a demand response (DR) unit which obtains the CBL information based on the metering information and computes a the DR bill by using the CBL data, the DR information and EI obtained, and outputs the DR bill. The demand response system comprises a smart portal (SP) unit which provides users with the calculated DR bill. According to the disclosure, the demand response system can provide environmental and social information, in addition to economic information.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the production of cysteine or derivates thereof by culturing a microorganism having reduced activity of endogenous phosphoserine phosphatase and the activity of PhnC, PhnD, and PhnE is reduced, and enhanced activity of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and/or phosphoserine aminotransferase. The O-phosphoserine produced by such an organism can then be reacted with a sulfide in the presence of a sulfydrylase or a microorganism expressing a sulfhydrylase to produce cysteine or a derivative thereof. Microorganisms having these reduced and enhanced properties noted above are also provided herein.

Abstract: An apparatus of an antenna is provided. The apparatus includes a first conductor plate disposed on an upper side of a single plate and comprising an aperture, a plurality of vias inserted to vertically penetrate through the single plate, a second conductor plate disposed on a lower side of the single plate, and a feed line for applying a signal to radiate to a dielectric resonator embedded as a cavity which is formed by the first conductor plate, the second conductor plate, and the vias. The aperture is in a size which produces multiple-resonance at an operating frequency.

Abstract: A method of predicting NOx generation amount of a compression ignition engine is provided. The method includes predicting a composition ratio of a gas in a mixture and a flame temperature using driving variables of an engine and calculating a nitrogen oxide generation rate using the composition ratio of the gas in the mixture and the flame temperature. Additionally, a nitrogen oxide generation concentration around flame is calculated using the nitrogen oxide generation rate and a total nitrogen oxide generation amount of a cylinder is predicted using the nitrogen oxide generation rate and the nitrogen oxide generation concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism having enhanced ability of producing putrescine at high yield, which is generated by weakening the activity of NCgl1469 in a microorganism of Corynebacterium genus that is modified to produce putrescine, and a method for producing putrescine using the same.

Abstract: A supporter and a vacuum cleaner having the same are provided. The supporter includes: a suction channel portion that includes one end removably connected with a vacuum cleaning unit and the other end connected with a suction nozzle, thereby guiding dirt drawn in through the suction nozzle to the vacuum cleaning unit; an accessory that is received in a receiving recess formed on one side of the suction channel portion; a hinge portion that is disposed in the suction channel portion and supports the accessory to pivot by a predetermined angle; and an unlocking portion that is disposed in the suction channel portion to lock and unlock the accessory with respect to the receiving recess.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism for producing diamine, in which activity of a protein having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 or an amine acid sequence having 42% or higher sequence homology with SEQ ID NO: 6 is introduced or enhanced, and a method of producing diamine using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism capable of producing putrescine at high yield due to inactivated activity of a protein having an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 in the microorganism, and a method of producing putrescine using the microorganism.

Abstract: Disclosed is a frame for a semiconductor light emitting device to receive a semiconductor light emitting chip, the frame including: a side wall; and a bottom part, which is connected to the side wall and has at least one hole for receiving a semiconductor light emitting chip.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array in which a plurality of pixels, first and second row selection lines separated from each other, and first and second column lines separated from each other are disposed and a column selecting circuit configured to connect the first and second column lines using a column selection signal. The pixel array includes a first pixel which is connected to the first row selection line and the first column line and a second pixel which is disposed in the same row as the first pixel and connected to the second row selection line and the second column line.

Abstract: A voice recognition apparatus includes a voice recognizer configured to recognize user utterance, a storage unit configured to store a plurality of tokens, a token network generator configured to generate a plurality of recognition tokens from the recognized user utterance, search for a similar token similar to each of the recognition tokens and a peripheral token having a history used with the recognition token among the plurality of tokens stored in the storage unit, and generate a token network using the recognition token, the similar token, and the peripheral token, and a processor configured to control the token network generator to generate the token network in response to the user utterance being recognized through the voice recognizer, calculate a transition probability between the tokens constituting the token network, and generate text data for corrected user utterance using the calculated transition probability.

Abstract: A method includes: determining a Cyclic Shift (CS) parameter that implicitly indicates an orthogonality allocation rule and orthogonality-related information, by determining a multiple access state of a User Equipment (UE), and transmitting the determined CS parameter to the UE, wherein the orthogonality-related information includes an Orthogonal Cover Code indicated by the CS parameter, the orthogonality allocation rule is determined as a uniform scheme or a non-uniform scheme according to the CS parameter, determining the CS parameter by which the non-uniform scheme is applied if the UE is in a Single User Multiple Input Multiple Output state, and determining the CS parameter by which the uniform scheme is applied if the UE is in a Multiple User Multiple Input Multiple Output state.

Abstract: A light-emitting-device package according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a metal substrate; a light emitting device disposed on a first surface of the metal substrate and configured to emit at least ultraviolet light; a pair of electrodes disposed to be spaced apart from each other on at least the first surface of the metal substrate, and electrically connected to the light emitting device; and an insulating layer provided between the metal substrate and the pair of electrodes. UV reflectance of the first surface of the metal body is higher than UV reflectance of the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor light emitting device, including: a body, which has a bottom part with at least one hole formed therein, a side wall, and a cavity defined by the bottom part and the side wall; a semiconductor light emitting chip, which is placed in each hole and includes plural semiconductor layers adapted to generate light by electron-hole recombination and electrodes electrically connected to the plural semiconductor layers; and an encapsulating member provided at least to the cavity to cover the semiconductor light emitting chip, in which the electrodes of the semiconductor light emitting chip are exposed towards the lower face of the bottom part of the body.