Abstract: A display including an electrowetting prism array is provided. The display includes: a light source, a 2-dimensional (2D) display for providing an image using light from the light source, a prism array in which a refractive power of one or more prisms of the prism array is adjustablein real time, and an optical element which increases a refraction of light transmitted therethrough. In the display, the optical element may be disposed in front of or behind the prism array. The optical element may be a convex lens, a Fresnel lens, a holographic optical element (HOE), a diffraction optical element (DOE), or a second electrowetting prism array. The convex lens may be a variable focus lens.

Abstract: Provided are an integral imaging type 3-dimensional (3D) image display apparatus and a 3D image pickup apparatus for increasing a depth by using an electrowetting lens array. The 3D image display apparatus includes a display panel and an electrowetting lens array having an electrically adjustable variable focal distance. The 3D image display apparatus displays a plurality of images having different depths on different focal planes and thus a depth of a 3D image by using one display panel.

Abstract: Provided are an electrowetting prism device which has increased an aperture ratio by simplifying an electrode and wiring structure, and a 3D image display apparatus capable of providing a super multi-view 3D image using the electrowetting prism device. The electrowetting prism device includes lower and upper transparent substrates disposed against each other, a vertical wall mounted on the lower transparent substrate so as to form a diamond-shaped space, a first electrode arranged along two adjacent sidewalls of the vertical wall, a second electrode arranged along the other remaining two adjacent sidewalls of the vertical wall to be disposed against the first electrode, and a non-polarized liquid and a polarized liquid arranged within a space surrounded by the vertical wall.

Abstract: Provided is a complex spatial light modulator and a holographic 3D image display including the complex spatial light modulator. The complex spatial light modulator includes a spatial light modulator for modulating a phase or an amplitude of light, a pair of lens arrays, and a grating disposed between the pair of lens arrays. Accordingly, the phase and the amplitude of light may be modulated simultaneously.

Abstract: A complex spatial light modulator includes a polarization-phase modulator for separating an incident beam into a first beam having a first polarization and a first phase, and a second beam having a second polarization and a second phase, and for outputting the first beam and the second beam; and a beam synthesizer including a prism structure formed of an optical anisotropic material having a first refractive index with respect to the first beam having the first polarization and having a second refractive index, different form the first refractive index, with respect to the second beam having the second polarization, where the beam synthesizer combines the first beam and the second beam.

Abstract: A changeable liquid prism array and a method of manufacturing the changeable liquid prism array are provided. The changeable liquid prism array includes a substrate, a wiring layer formed on the substrate, and including conducting wire portions and non-conducting wire portions where the conducting wire portions are not formed, and barrier walls disposed on the wiring layer. The changeable liquid prism array further includes cells defined by the barrier walls, a first liquid included in the cells, and a second liquid located on the first liquid. The changeable liquid prism array further includes side electrodes disposed on side surfaces of the barrier walls, and separated from each other by spaces corresponding to the non-conducting wire portions, and an upper electrode arranged above the barrier walls, and separated from the side electrodes.

Abstract: A 3-dimensional (3D) holographic image displaying apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a hologram reproducer configured to generate surface plasmons in response to incident light and reproduce a 3D image by diffracting the generated surface plasmons by a hologram, and a surface light source unit including a light source and a light guide plate, the light guide plate being configured to allow incident light from the light source to enter into the light guide plate, internally reflect the allowed light, and output the internally reflected light through a light-output surface, the surface light source unit being configured to implement colors by adjusting an angle of the light incident to the hologram reproducer so that the outputted light through the light-output surface is incident to the hologram reproducer at a surface plasmon-forming angle for each wavelength to generate the surface plasmons corresponding to a plurality of color beams.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator includes a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate; a phase modulation unit disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate and configured to modulate a phase of light passing through the phase modulation unit by changing an optical path length of the phase modulation unit according to a voltage applied to the phase modulation unit; and an amplitude modulation unit disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate and configured to modulate an amplitude of light passing through the amplitude modulation unit according to a voltage applied to the amplitude modulation unit.

Abstract: A light refraction controlling panel, a 3D-display, and a method of operating a 3D-display are provided. The light refraction controlling panel includes a transparent substrate, a barrier wall on the transparent substrate, first to fourth electrodes on the barrier wall, the first to fourth electrodes being separated from each other, an electro-wetting prism within the barrier wall, the electro-wetting prism being configured to refract incident light to a desired direction, and an isolation layer between the barrier wall and the first to fourth electrodes, and the electro-wetting prism. One electrode of two adjacent electrodes of the first to fourth electrodes is inside an other electrode of the two adjacent electrodes.

Abstract: A 3D image display apparatus is provided. The 3D image display apparatus includes a light emission unit including one or more cells, the cells being configured to respectively adjust a direction in which light is emitted, an active prism array on the light emission unit, the active prism array including one or more prism units corresponding to the cells, the active prism array being configured to adjust an inclination of a refracting surface of each of the prism units according to an electric signal to change an optical path, and a display panel configured to modulate light that passes through the active prism array according to an image signal to form an image.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatus and method are provided. The 3D image display apparatus includes an image generating unit configured to generate an image, an active optical device configured to change a propagation path of light containing the generated image, and provide the generated image to multiple viewpoints that are located along a first direction parallel to the image generating unit, and a varifocal lens configured to vary a focal position of the generated image along a second direction away from the image generating unit.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) display apparatus and methods of displaying 3D images are provided. A 3D display apparatus includes a light source, a display unit, an active optical device for changing a travel path of light, and a plurality of projection optical systems.

Abstract: A multi-view point 3D display apparatus using an active optical device is provided. The active optical device may change a path of light without a substantial drop of image resolution.

Abstract: Directional light guide plates, directional surface light sources, and three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatuses employing the directional surface light sources are provided. Each of the directional light guide plates includes a plurality of viewing zone separation units having a refractive index different from that of a light guide unit, for separating light into left and right viewing zones.

Abstract: A surface light source device is provided. The surface light source device includes a light source, a beam splitter configured to split a light irradiated from the light source into a plurality of light beams each having a different path, a diffusion unit configured to diffuse the plurality of light beams split by the beam splitter into a surface light, and a collimating unit configured to arrange the plurality of light beams diffused from the diffusion unit in one direction.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a recording light source configured to emit recording beams, an electrically addressable spatial light modulator (EASLM) configured to time sequentially modulate the recording beams emitted from the recording light source according to hologram information corresponding to a 3-dimensional image spatially divided into a plurality of portions, an optically addressable spatial light modulator (OASLM) configured to include a plurality of regions corresponding to the plurality of the divided portions of the 3-dimensional image and images on a region corresponding to the portions using the modulated recording beams to form a hologram, a scanning optical unit configured to reproduce the hologram formed by the recording beams serially modulated by the EASLM on a reduced scale and transmit the hologram to the regions of the OASLM corresponding to the portions, and a reproducing light source configured to produce a surface light and emit the surface light to the OASLM.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying a 3-dimensional (3D) image, which is capable of providing a super multi-view, is provided. The apparatus includes: at least one image projector for projecting light including an image; an active optical element for adjusting a path of at least one light within a range of a predetermined angle; and a relay optical system for transmitting the at least one light to a pupil of a viewer. The apparatus provides a plurality of images in different views to the pupil using a time division method, by using the active optical element for adjusting the path of the at least one light.

Abstract: A thin film transistor having a LDD structure that may improve its channel reliability and output characteristics. A semiconductor layer comprises source/drain regions, a channel region positioned between the source/drain regions, and an LDD region positioned between the channel region and a source/drain region, wherein a projected range of ions doped on the semiconductor layer extends to a first depth from the surface of the semiconductor layer in the LDD region.

Abstract: A thin film transistor having a LDD structure that may improve its channel reliability and output characteristics. A semiconductor layer comprises source/drain regions, a channel region positioned between the source/drain regions, and an LDD region positioned between the channel region and a source/drain region, wherein a projected range of ions doped on the semiconductor layer extends to a first depth from the surface of the semiconductor layer in the LDD region.

Abstract: A thin film transistor having a LDD structure that may improve its channel reliability and output characteristics. A semiconductor layer comprises source/drain regions, a channel region positioned between the source/drain regions, and an LDD region positioned between the channel region and a source/drain region, wherein a projected range of ions doped on the semiconductor layer extends to a first depth from the surface of the semiconductor layer in the LDD region.