Abstract: A tungsten carbide structure includes tungsten carbide having a plate shaped structure and including a plurality of mesopores, a first carbon layer surrounding a surface of tungsten carbide and containing nitrogen, and a second carbon layer surrounding the first carbon layer and containing nitrogen.

Abstract: A platinum-rhodium nano-dendritic alloy includes a plurality of first structure having a round shape and a second structure connecting the plurality of first structures and having a thin bridge shape, wherein the first and second structures containing platinum and rhodium homogeneously distributed therein.

Abstract: A display module includes a display panel, a driver integrated circuit, a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a drive signal wiring and a power wiring. The driver integrated circuit applies power and a drive signal to the display panel. The FPC is electrically connected between the driver integrated circuit and a PCB. The drive signal wiring is extended from the FPC to the display panel through the driver integrated circuit and may transmit the drive signal to the display panel. The power wiring transmits the power to the display panel. The power wiring includes a first power line extended from the FPC to the driver integrated circuit, and a second power line extended from the first power line to the display panel. The second power line does not intersect the drive signal wiring, and a ground slit is not generated.

Abstract: A test apparatus for measuring electromagnetic interference (EMI) of an image sensor integrated circuit (IC) device may include an EMI test jig configured to drive a mounted image sensor IC device on one or more test conditions; an electromagnetic (EM) shielding box configured to shield external EM waves from other directions except an upper direction, the EM shielding box accepting the EMI test jig; an EM emission sensing probe configured to sense EM emissions from the image sensor IC device, the EM emission sensing probe being separated from and adjacent to the image sensor IC device in the upper direction when sensing EM emissions; and a spectrum analyzer configured to connect to the EM emission sensing probe, the spectrum analyzer configured to evaluate the EM emissions from the image sensor IC device.

Abstract: An actuator assembly for use in an electronic device is provided. The actuator assembly includes a support tray formed of a conductive metal and defining an aperture extending through the support tray. A seat surrounds the aperture and supports an actuator. The actuator includes a piezoelectric element adhered to a metal substrate larger than the piezoelectric element. The metal substrate bends when the piezoelectric element contracts and expands in response to changes in the charge of the piezoelectric element. An insulator is disposed between the metal substrate and the support tray which electrically insulates the substrate from the metal substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for detecting a broadcasting signal. The signal detecting apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a reference signal generator outputting a reference signal acquired by performing a correlation calculation between a current sample and a previous sample of a received signal which is an FM signal or a digital radio mondiale plus (DRM+) signal and then normalizing a result of the correlation calculation; and a discriminator detecting a maximum value of the reference signal and judging that the received signal is the FM signal when the maximum value of the reference signal is more than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell including an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and an electrolyte/ion exchange membrane between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. The cathode electrode uses an iron redox couple as an oxidizer. The iron redox couple is regenerated by an oxidizing substance. The fuel cell does not need a noble metal catalyst, is thus economical in manufacturing costs, and has high power density, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the fuel cell is capable of decomposing an oxidizing substance, such as NOx, Cl2, Br2, or O3.

Abstract: A floating piston valve includes an annular valve body having a fluid passing hole formed therein, a pair of upper and lower valve discs respectively mounted on upper and lower sides of the valve body to generate damping force, a pair of upper and lower tripod type leaf valve springs respectively mounted on upper and lower sides of the upper and lower valve discs, and a pair of upper and lower coupling supports coupled to the valve body respectively at upper and lower sides of the upper and lower tripod type leaf valve springs. Each of the coupling supports includes an annular support section and a coupling section at least partially formed on an outer edge of the annular support section and is fastened to the valve body through a portion of an outer edge of the valve body.

Abstract: An amplitude selective shock absorber includes a cylinder, a piston rod axially movable within the cylinder, a stationary piston valve fixedly mounted on the piston rod to divide a space of the cylinder into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber, a floating piston valve mounted on the piston rod to be movable in an axial direction in the rebound chamber, a stopper secured to the piston rod above the floating piston valve, and frustoconical leaf springs disposed between the floating piston valve and the stationary piston valve and between the floating piston valve and the stopper, respectively.

Abstract: An actuator assembly for use in an electronic device is provided. The actuator assembly includes a support tray formed of a conductive metal and defining an aperture extending through the support tray. A seat surrounds the aperture and supports an actuator. The actuator includes a piezoelectric element adhered to a metal substrate larger than the piezoelectric element. The metal substrate bends when the piezoelectric element contracts and expands in response to changes in the charge of the piezoelectric element. An insulator is disposed between the metal substrate and the support tray which electrically insulates the substrate from the metal substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a virtual multi-antenna method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system and an OFDM-based cellular system. The virtual multi-antenna method includes grouping sub-carriers in a frequency domain of an OFDM symbol and generating at least one group including G sub-carriers; and regarding the G sub-carriers included in the at least one group as multiple channels used in a multi-antenna technique and virtually applying the multi-antenna technique to the transmission and reception of the OFDM symbol. The virtual multi-antenna method can effectively reduce an interference signal and obtain the effects of a spatial division multiple access (SDMA) technique without physically using multiple antennas.

Abstract: A synchronization method is provided. In the synchronization method, a first mutual ranging symbol is transmitted to at least one other subscriber station. A second mutual ranging symbol is received from the other subscriber station. Uplink synchronization information is controlled on the basis of the second mutual ranging symbol.

Abstract: A floating piston valve includes an annular valve body having a fluid passing hole formed therein, a pair of upper and lower valve discs respectively mounted on upper and lower sides of the valve body to generate damping force, a pair of upper and lower tripod type leaf valve springs respectively mounted on upper and lower sides of the upper and lower valve discs, and a pair of upper and lower coupling supports coupled to the valve body respectively at upper and lower sides of the upper and lower tripod type leaf valve springs. Each of the coupling supports includes an annular support section and a coupling section at least partially formed on an outer edge of the annular support section and is fastened to the valve body through a portion of an outer edge of the valve body.

Abstract: An amplitude selective shock absorber includes a cylinder, a piston rod axially movable within the cylinder, a stationary piston valve fixedly mounted on the piston rod to divide a space of the cylinder into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber, a floating piston valve mounted on the piston rod to be movable in an axial direction in the rebound chamber, a stopper secured to the piston rod above the floating piston valve, and frustoconical leaf springs disposed between the floating piston valve and the stationary piston valve and between the floating piston valve and the stopper, respectively.

Abstract: Provided are a virtual multi-antenna method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system and an OFDM-based cellular system. The virtual multi-antenna method includes grouping sub-carriers in a frequency domain of an OFDM symbol and generating at least one group including G sub-carriers; and regarding the G sub-carriers included in the at least one group as multiple channels used in a multi-antenna technique and virtually applying the multi-antenna technique to the transmission and reception of the OFDM symbol. The virtual multi-antenna method can effectively reduce an interference signal and obtain the effects of a spatial division multiple access (SDMA) technique without physically using multiple antennas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmitting and receiving method for reducing a time-varying channel distortion in an orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) system. In the present invention, the transmitter defines M sub-channels in one data group, mathematically analyzes a change of channel for each path causing a time-varying channel distortion in a high-speed mobile environment by approximation, calculates a weight value based on the mathematical analysis and assigns the calculated weight value to transmit data of each sub-channel. Subsequently, the receiver combines the signals of these M sub-channels and demodulates the combined signals. Accordingly, the present invention greatly reduces a distortion caused by the time-varying channel to improve a bit error rate and a channel estimation performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of providing color to aid in the expression and purification of proteins of E. coli. Vector according to the present invention includes the His-tagged Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) coding gene upstream of the multiple cloning site. The vector was designed to express target proteins as VHb fusions, which can be purified in one step by affinity chromatography. Due to the color of the heme in VHb, the VHb-fused target proteins have a red color that provides a visual aid for estimating their expression level and solubility. The red color can also be used as a visual marker throughout purification, while the concentration of the fusion protein can be determined by measuring the amount of VHb using carbon monoxide difference spectra. In addition, because of inherently high solubility of VHb, the fusion can increase the solubility of sparingly soluble target proteins.

Abstract: An isolation method for a semiconductor device where an insulating mask layer is formed on desired regions of a semiconductor substrate. A trench is formed to a desired depth in the semiconductor substrate using the insulating mask layer as a mask. An oxide layer is formed on the insulating mask layer and on the sidewall of the trench. A trench liner layer is formed on the oxide layer. An insulating filler layer is formed in the trench in the semiconductor substrate, on which the trench liner layer is formed, so as to fill the trench. The insulating mask layer is removed. According to the isolation method for a semiconductor device, it is possible to reduce dents from occurring along the edge of the trench, reduce a bird's beak type oxide layer from occurring at an interface between the insulating mask layers, decrease the leakage current, or improve the electrical characteristics, such as threshold voltage.

Abstract: A frequency synchronization apparatus for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system includes a radio frequency (RF) receiving module for receiving OFDM signal, an analog/digital (A/D) converter connected to the RF receiving module, the A/D converter converting the OFDM signal into a digital signal, a frequency synchronization module connected to the A/D converter, the frequency synchronization module synchronizing carrier frequency, a Fast Fourier Transformer (FFT) connected to the frequency synchronization module, the FFT performing fast Fourier transformation to symbols from the frequency synchronization module, a channel estimation module connected to the FFT, the channel estimation module estimating channel response, an equalizer connected to the FFT and the channel estimation module, the equalizer equalizing channel, a residual phase tracking module connected to the equalizer, the residual phase tracking module tracking residual phase, a demodulator connected to the residu

Abstract: Provided is a Pt—Ru based quaternary metal anode catalyst for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The Pt—Ru based quaternary metal anode catalyst has high activity to methanol oxidation and strong resistance to catalyst poisoning due to carbon monoxide (CO), which is a byproduct of the methanol oxidation. Therefore, the Pt—Ru based quaternary metal anode catalyst can give high power density and can replace existing commercial catalysts.