Abstract: An optical device includes a sample holder configured to fix an object in the beam path of the optical device, and an illumination module which has a plurality of light sources and configured to illuminate the object from a plurality of illumination directions by operating the light sources, wherein each illumination direction has an assigned luminous field. The optical device also has a filter arranged between the illumination module and the sample holder and configured to expand the assigned luminous field for each illumination direction. As a result, it is possible to reduce artefacts on account of contaminants during the angularly-selective illumination. Techniques of digital artefact reduction are also described. By way of example, the optical device can be a microscope.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprises an illumination module (100) comprising a carrier (110), which has at least one light-transmissive region (112), for example. The illumination module (100) comprises a plurality of light sources (111), which are arranged on the carrier (110).

Abstract: For image recording purposes, an object is illuminated at a plurality of illumination angles. A detector captures a plurality of images (41-43) of the object for the plurality of illumination angles. An electronic evaluating device applies an image correction to at least some of the plurality of images (41-43), said image correction comprising a displacement (T1, T2), wherein the displacement (T1, T2) depends on the illumination angle (4) used when recording the respective image (41-43). The corrected images (44-46) may be combined.

Abstract: For image recording purposes, an object is illuminated at a plurality of illumination angles. A detector captures a plurality of images (41-43) of the object for the plurality of illumination angles. An electronic evaluating device applies an image correction to the plurality of images (41-43), said image correction comprising a rectification (T1, T2, T3), wherein the rectification (T1, T2, T3) depends on the illumination angle used when recording the respective image (41-43). The corrected images (44-46) may be combined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a contrast formation method, for generating a contrast image, including the steps: Illuminating an object by an illumination sequence based on one or more illumination sources; creating an illumination image of the object for each illumination in the illumination sequence; overlaying two respective illumination images which neighbor each other with respect to a first axis to form a first total axis image of the first axis; overlaying two respective illumination images which neighbor each other with respect to a second axis to form a second total axis image of the second axis; creating a first color gradient image based on the first total axis image; creating a second color gradient image based on the second total axis image; transforming the first color gradient image and the second color gradient image into a color space; and generating a contrast image, based on the transformed first color gradient image and the second color gradient image into the color space.

Abstract: A device for recording images is provided, an image-recording device and an illumination device being arranged on the same side of a specimen plane in said device. The image-recording device has illumination portions, for example individual light sources, which are actuatable independently of one another in order to be able to illuminate a specimen in the specimen plane at different angles and/or from different directions. In this way, it is possible to record a plurality of images with different illuminations, which can be combined to form a results image with improved properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reflection-reduced contrast imaging method and to a device for generating a reflection-reduced contrast image, preferably from microscopic images, in particular in order to read height progression information of a condition of an object.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for beam analysis in an optical system are disclosed, wherein a plurality of beam parameters of a beam propagating along an optical axis are ascertained. The method includes: splitting the beam into a plurality of partial beams which have a focus offset in the longitudinal direction in relation to the optical axis; recording a measurement image produced by these partial beams; carrying out a forward simulation of the beam in the optical system on the basis of estimated initial values for the beam parameters in order to obtain a simulated image; and calculating a set of values for the beam parameters on the basis of the comparison between the simulated image and the measurement image.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses in which a plurality of images are recorded at different illumination angles are provided. The plurality of images are combined in order to produce a results image with an increased depth of field.

Abstract: A test object for measuring the point spread function (PSF) of an optical system having a given Airy diameter (dAiry) comprises a structure to be imaged having a plurality of structure elements to be imaged, wherein the structure elements are embodied and arranged in such a way that the structure has at least two axes of symmetry.

Abstract: For three-dimensional imaging, an object is illuminated at a plurality of illumination angles. A detector detects a plurality of images (51-53) of the object for the plurality of illumination angles. An electronic processing device processes the plurality of images (51-53) in order to reconstruct three-dimensional information of the object (57).

Abstract: For image recording purposes, an object is illuminated at a plurality of illumination angles. A detector captures a plurality of images (41-43) of the object for the plurality of illumination angles. An electronic evaluating device applies an image correction to the plurality of images (41-43), said image correction comprising a rectification (T1, T2, T3), wherein the rectification (T1, T2, T3) depends on the illumination angle used when recording the respective image (41-43). The corrected images (44-46) may be combined.

Abstract: An object is illuminated from at least one illuminating direction. For each illuminating direction, an intensity image of the object is captured during the illumination. On the basis of the at least one intensity image, a phase contrast image of the object is generated.

Abstract: For image recording purposes, an object is illuminated at a plurality of illumination angles. A detector captures a plurality of images (41-43) of the object for the plurality of illumination angles. An electronic evaluating device applies an image correction to at least some of the plurality of images (41-43), said image correction comprising a displacement (T1, T2), wherein the displacement (T1, T2) depends on the illumination angle (4) used when recording the respective image (41-43). The corrected images (44-46) may be combined.

Abstract: An object (100) is illuminated sequentially using at least two illumination geometries (110-1, 110-2). An intensity image of the object (100) is captured for each one of the at least two illumination geometries (110-1, 110-2). The intensity images are combined for producing a results image. Combining is carried out in such a way that the results image satisfies a predetermined optimization criterion. By way of example, the optimization criterion may relate to an image contrast, an edge steepness or an image sharpness. Optimization may be carried out with a spatial resolution.

Abstract: At least two images (201-1-201-3) of an object (100) are obtained, wherein each image has an illumination field (110-1-110-3) associated therewith, which is associated with predetermined beam shape properties (111-1-111-3). For each one of the at least two images (201-1-201-3) an effect of the beam shape properties is added to a predetermined approximation of the object, the approximation is adjusted by means of Fourier ptychography techniques on the basis of the respective image and then the effect of the beam shape properties is removed from the adapted approximation of the object.

Abstract: To determine a position of an object (100) parallel to the optical axis (120) of an optical device (1), the object (100) is illumined from a first illumination direction (210-1) and from a second illumination direction (210-2) and an image (230-1, 230-2) is acquired in each case. The position of the object (100) is determined based on a distance (250) between imaging locations of the object (220-1, 220-2) in the images (230-1, 230-2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a contrast formation method, for generating a contrast image, including the steps: Illuminating an object by an illumination sequence based on one or more illumination sources; creating an illumination image of the object for each illumination in the illumination sequence; overlaying two respective illumination images which neighbour each other with respect to a first axis to form a first total axis image of the first axis; overlaying two respective illumination images which neighbour each other with respect to a second axis to form a second total axis image of the second axis; creating a first colour gradient image based on the first total axis image; creating a second colour gradient image based on the second total axis image; transforming the first colour gradient image and the second colour gradient image into a colour space; and generating a contrast image, based on the transformed first colour gradient image and the second colour gradient image into the colour space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reflection correction method for correcting digital microscopic images. Here, the reflection correction method comprises: illuminating (10) an object, the illuminating (10) of the object having at least two illumination patterns (11, 12). Creating (20) an illumination pattern image (21, 22) of the object for each illumination pattern (11, 12). Calculating (60) at least one partial reflection image (61), in each case by means of a combination of corresponding two illumination pattern images (21, 22). Calculating (90) a reflection-corrected image (99) of the object by means of a suitable combination of at least one illumination pattern image (21, 22) and at least one partial reflection image (61). And, in this case, each illumination pattern (11, 12) has at least one active illumination source (111), and each illumination pattern (11, 12) is different from all others. Furthermore, the invention relates to an associated reflection-correcting device (100).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for image enhancement are provided, with which convolution operations can be carried out directly in a filter space, for example in a wavelet space, in particular directly on compressed data.