Abstract: The present invention provides a combination comprising at least an oncolytic virus and one or more immune checkpoint modulator(s) for use for the treatment of a proliferative disease such as cancer. It also relates to a kit comprising said oncolytic virus and said one or more immune checkpoint modulator(s) in separate containers. It also concerns a pharmaceutical composition comprising effective amount of said oncolytic virus and said one or more immune checkpoint modulator(s).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of assessing a favorable or, on the contrary, an unfavorable prognosis of a cancer in the subject, which method comprises detecting the presence of a mutated Natural Cytotoxicity-triggering Receptor 3 (NCR3) nucleic acid, an abnormal relative amount of at least one particular Natural Killer p30 (NKp30) RNA transcript isoform, and/or an abnormal Natural Killer p30 (NKp30) expression or activity of at least one particular NKp30 protein isoform in a sample from the subject, the presence of mutated NCR3 nucleic acid, abnormal relative amount of at least one particular NKp30 RNA transcript isoform, or abnormal expression or activity of at least one particular NKp30 protein isoform being indicative of the prognosis of cancer in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of predicting or monitoring the sensitivity of a subject having a tumor to a chemotherapy, a method of selecting an appropriate chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer, a method of screening or identifying a compound suitable for improving the treatment of a cancer, and corresponding kits. The method of predicting or monitoring the sensitivity of a subject having a tumor to a chemotherapy typically comprises a step a) of determining, in a biological sample from said subject, the presence, absence or expression level of at least one of a soluble B7H6 (sB7H6 or sB7-H6) and a soluble MIC (sMIC) and, when the expression level is determined, a step b) of comparing said expression level to a reference expression level, thereby assessing or monitoring whether the subject having a tumor is responsive or resistant to the chemotherapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for determining if a patient is likely to benefit from a cancer treatment, by determining if said patient has a gut dysbiosis with an over representation of certain bacterial species. The present invention also provides probiotic strains to improve the efficacy of a cancer treatment, especially chemotherapy, in patients in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of assessing, predicting or monitoring the sensitivity of a subject having a tumor or cancer to an immunotherapeutic molecule acting on the subject's T cells, to a method of selecting an appropriate treatment of cancer, to a method of screening or identifying a compound suitable for improving the treatment of a cancer, and to the use of corresponding kits. The method of predicting or monitoring the sensitivity of a subject having a tumor to an immunotherapeutic molecule acting on the subject's T cells typically comprises a step a) of determining, in a biological sample from said subject, the expression level of soluble CD25 (sCD25) and, when the expression level is determined, a step b) of comparing at least said expression level to a reference expression level thereby assessing whether the subject having a tumor is responsive or resistant to the immunotherapeutic molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of predicting or monitoring the sensitivity of a subject having a tumor to a chemotherapy, to a method of selecting an appropriate chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer, to a method of screening or identifying a compound suitable for improving the treatment of a cancer, and to corresponding kits. The method of predicting or monitoring the sensitivity of a subject having a tumor to a chemotherapy typically comprises a step a) of determining, in a biological sample from said subject, the presence, absence or expression level of at least one of a soluble B7H6 (sB7H6 or sB7-H6) and a soluble MIC (sMIC) and when the expression level is determined a step b) of comparing said expression level to a reference expression level, thereby assessing or monitoring whether the subject having a tumor is responsive or resistant to the chemotherapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of genetics, immunology and medicine. The present invention more specifically relates to in vitro or ex vivo methods for determining the susceptibility to a cancer treatment of a subject having a tumor. These methods comprise a step of determining the ability of the treatment, of the subject and/or of the tumor to induce an anticancer immune response, the inability of at least one of the treatment, the subject and the tumor to induce an anticancer immune response being indicative of a resistance of the subject to the therapeutic treatment of cancer. Inventors in particular identify genes specific of a human subject or of cancerous cells which can be used to predict or assess the sensitivity of a subject to a treatment of cancer. The invention also relates to particular compounds capable of activating or enhancing the immune system of a particular subject, when the subject is exposed to a therapeutic treatment of cancer or before such an exposition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of genetics, immunology and medicine. The present invention more specifically relates to in vitro or ex vivo methods for determining the susceptibility to a cancer treatment of a subject having a tumor. These methods comprise a step of determining the ability of the treatment, of the subject and/or of the tumor to induce an anticancer immune response, the inability of at least one of the treatment, the subject and the tumor to induce an anticancer immune response being indicative of a resistance of the subject to the therapeutic treatment of cancer. Inventors in particular identify genes specific of a human subject or of cancerous cells which can be used to predict or assess the sensitivity of a subject to a treatment of cancer. The invention also relates to particular compounds capable of activating or enhancing the immune system of a particular subject, when the subject is exposed to a therapeutic treatment of cancer or before such an exposition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro method of assessing the sensitivity of a subject to a treatment of cancer, which method comprises detecting the presence of a mutated Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) nucleic acid or an abnormal TLR4 protein expression or activity in a sample from the subject, the presence of said mutated TLR4 nucleic acid or abnormal TLR4 expression or activity being indicative of a resistance to said treatment. The invention further provides compounds for treating or preventing a cancer in a subject having a mutated TLR4 nucleic acid or an abnormal TLR4 protein expression or activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the fields of genetics and medicine. More specifically, the present invention relates to improved methods of treating cancers using a TLR3 agonist, by assessing the expression of a TLR3 receptor by cancer cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of genetics, immunology and medicine. The present invention more specifically relates to in vitro or ex vivo methods for determining the susceptibility to a cancer treatment of a subject having a tumour. These methods comprise a step of determining the ability of the treatment, of the subject and/or of the tumour to induce an anticancer immune response, the inability of at least one of the treatment, the subject and the tumor to induce an anticancer immune response being indicative of a resistance of the subject to the therapeutic treatment of cancer. Inventors in particular identify genes specific of a human subject or of cancerous cells which can be used to predict or assess the sensitivity of a subject to a treatment of cancer. The invention also relates to particular compounds capable of activating or enhancing the immune system of a particular subject, when the subject is exposed to a therapeutic treatment of cancer or before such an exposition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the susceptibility of a patient tumor cell to a cancer treatment, which method comprises the detection or measure of CRT, KDEL receptor and/or ERp57 on the surface of a tumor cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a protein phosphatase inhibitor selected from an inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), an inhibitor of GADD34 and an inhibitor of the PP1/GADD34 complex to prepare a pharmaceutical composition to prevent or treat a cancer in a mammal, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is intended for administration in combination with a product used in a treatment of a cancer.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods for assessing the sensibility of a subject to an anticancer treatment, for screening compounds which are useful for treating a cancer and for determining the likelihood of a metastatic relapse in a subject. The methods are based on the finding that a non-functional P2X7-elicited NALP3 inflammasome pathway in a subject is indicative of a resistance to treatment. The invention further concerns methods for treating a cancer and for restoring the sensitivity of the subject to a cancer treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of assessing a favourable or, on the contrary, an unfavourable prognosis of a cancer in the subject, which method comprises detecting the presence of a mutated Natural Cytotoxicity-triggering Receptor 3 (NCR3) nucleic acid, an abnormal relative amount of at least one particular Natural Killer p30 (NKp30) RNA transcript isoform, and/or an abnormal Natural Killer p30 (NKp30) expression or activity of at least one particular NKp30 protein isoform in a sample from the subject, the presence of said mutated NCR3 nucleic acid, abnormal relative amount of at least one particular NKp30 RNA transcript isoform, or abnormal expression or activity of at least one particular NKp30 protein isoform being indicative of the prognosis of said cancer in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the fields of genetics and medicine. More specifically, the present invention relates to improved methods of treating cancers using a TLR3 agonist, by assessing the expression of a TLR3 receptor by cancer cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a protein phosphatase inhibitor selected from an inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), an inhibitor of GADD34 and an inhibitor of the PP1/GADD34 complex to prepare a pharmaceutical composition to prevent or treat a cancer in a mammal, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is intended for administration in combination with a product used in a treatment of a cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the susceptibility of a patient tumour cell to a cancer treatment, which method comprises the detection or measure of CRT, KDEL receptor and/or ERp57 on the surface of a tumour cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro method of assessing the sensitivity of a subject to a treatment of cancer, which method comprises detecting the presence of a mutated Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) nucleic acid or an abnormal TLR4 protein expression or activity in a sample from the subject, the presence of said mutated TLR4 nucleic acid or abnormal TLR4 expression or activity being indicative of a resistance to said treatment. The invention further provides compounds for treating or preventing a cancer in a subject having a mutated TLR4 nucleic acid or an abnormal TLR4 protein expression or activity.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a novel sensitization process for antigen-presenting cells, novel means for implementing the process and novel membrane vesicles possessing immunogenic potency. The invention relates in particular to texosomes (vesicles derived from tumor cells) and dexosomes (vesicles derived from dendritic cells loaded or not with antigens), and their use for the vectorization and presentation of antigens in vitro or in vivo as well as in methods or compositions for the treatment of cancers and infectious, parasitic or autoimmune diseases in particular.