Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber composition containing silica reinforcement and to pneumatic tires having treads comprised of such rubber composition.A rubber composition comprises at least one elastomer, silica, carbon black and a silica coupler comprised of poly-(2-propanol-1,3-polysulfide).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber composition containing silica reinforcement and to pneumatic tires having treads comprised of such rubber composition.A rubber composition comprises at least one elastomer, silica, carbon black and a silica coupler comprised of 3,3'-tetrathiodipropionitrile polysulfide mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silica reinforced rubber composition and pneumatic tires having treads comprised of the silica reinforced rubber compositions. The silica reinforced rubber composition comprises an elastomer, silica, optionally carbon black and a silica coupler comprised of the zinc salt, the ammonium salt or the sodium salt of salicylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber composition containing silica reinforcement and to pneumatic tires having treads comprised of such rubber composition.A rubber composition comprises at least one elastomer, silica, carbon black and a silica coupler comprised of nicotinamide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monoesters of rosin acids which are useful as a total or partial replacement for extender or processing oil in rubber formulations. Addition of these monoesters of rosin acid improve the modulus and tear of the vulcanizate. The monoesters are of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different hydrocarbon radicals selected from the group consisting of saturated alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl radicals containing 6 carbon atoms and aralkyl radicals containing 7 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monoesters of rosin acids which are useful as a total or partial replacement for extender or processing oil in rubber formulations. Addition of these monoesters of rosin acid improve the modulus and tear of the vulcanizate. The monoesters are of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different hydrocarbon radicals selected from the group consisting of saturated alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl radicals containing 6 carbon atoms and aralkyl radicals containing 7 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of diaminodirosinate salts as coupling agents for siliceous fillers in rubber polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfur vulcanized rubber composition containing 0.1 to 10.0 phr of an oligomeric maleimide of the formula: ##STR1## or a maleamic acid of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R and R.sup.1 are individually selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen; R.sup.2 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; X has a value of from 1 to 146 and n has a value of from 0 to 4.The presence of the maleimide oligomer or maleamic acid improve cord adhesion to the sulfur vulcanized rubber compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-(hydroxyphenyl)maleamic acid and various dimers and oligomers thereof. The process is characterized by heating, in the absence of any solvent, N-(hydroxyphenyl)maleamic acid at a temperature ranging from about 150.degree. to about 250.degree. C. in the presence of an acid catalyst. This unique process avoids the need to recover expensive highly polar solvents. The present invention also relates to use of these maleimide containing compounds in rubber. The use of the blend of hydroxyphenyl maleimide and the various dimers and low molecular weight oligomers impart superior properties to rubber when compared to the use of hydroxyphenyl maleimide alone in rubber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methylol modified bismaleimides which are prepared by reacting under condensation conditions an aldehyde and a bismaleimide compound wherein the aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or mixtures thereof; andsaid bismaleimide compound is of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a divalent radical selected from the group consisting of an acyclic aliphatic group, a cyclic aliphatic group, an aromatic group, and one to three alkylaromatic groups and wherein these groups may contain a hetero atom selected from O, N and S.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfur vulcanized rubber composition containing 0.1 to 10.0 phr of an oligomeric maleimide of the formula: ##STR1## or a maleamic acid of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R and R.sup.1 are individually selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen; R.sup.2 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; X has a value of from 1 to 146 and n has a value of from 0 to 4.The presence of the maleimide oligomer or maleamic acid improve cord adhesion to the sulfur vulcanized rubber compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-(hydroxyphenyl)maleamic acid and various dimers and oligomers thereof. The process is characterized by heating, in the absence of any solvent, N-(hydroxyphenyl)maleamic acid at a temperature ranging from about 150.degree. to about 250.degree. C. in the presence of an acid catalyst. This unique process avoids the need to recover expensive highly polar solvents. The present invention also relates to use of these maleimide containing compounds in rubber. The use of the blend of hydroxyphenyl maleimide and the various dimers and low molecular weight oligomers impart superior properties to rubber when compared to the use of hydroxyphenyl maleimide alone in rubber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to rubber compounds containing alkyl (C.sub.12 -C.sub.22) esters of a mixture of fatty acids which are useful as a total or partial replacement for extender or processing oil in rubber formulations. The alkyl (C.sub.12 -C.sub.22) esters of a mixture of fatty acids are also useful as a total or partial replacement for waxes in rubber formulations. Addition of the alkyl (C.sub.12 -C.sub.22) esters of a mixture of fatty acids improve the ozone resistance of the vulcanizate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dicyclopentadiene alcohol resin acid derivatives which are useful as a rubber additive. In one embodiment, the ester linked rosin acid derivative may serve as a total or partial replacement for oil and/or wax. The dicyclopentadiene alcohol rosin acid derivatives are prepared by reacting abietic acid and/or dehydroabietic acid with dicyclopentadiene alcohol under esterification conditions.

Abstract: The present invenion relates to rubber compositions containing a hydroxy-aryl substituted maleamic acid. The rubbers modified with the hydroxy-aryl substituted maleamic acid exhibit improved rubber/filler interaction. The hydroxy-aryl substituted maleamic acid may also be used as a replacement for resorcinol in rubber compositions and function as a methylene acceptor for reaction with conventional methylene donors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to poly(oxydiphenylamines) of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer ranging from about 1 to 100. The poly(oxydiphenylamines) are useful as a rubber additive and have shown improvement in the tear strength of the rubber as measured by increased peel adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfur vulcanized rubber composition containing a silica filler and a bismaleimide of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are individually selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen; R.sup.2 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and n has a value of from 0 to 4.The bismaleimide functions as a coupling agent in the silica filled sulfur vulcanized rubber compound.

Abstract: There is disclosed a polymer consisting essentially of segmeric units, a portion of said units consisting of at least one segmeric unit having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group of monovalent radicals, consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.2 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, --NH.sub.2 ; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of alkyls having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloaliphatics having 6 carbon atoms, aryls having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and aralkyls having 7 to 12 carbon atoms; and R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyls having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and aralkyls having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to rosin monomaleimides which are useful as a total or partial replacement for extender or processing oil in rubber formulations. Addition of the rosin monomaleimides improve peel adhesion in rubber compositions. The rosin monomaleimides are prepared by reacting abietylamine and/or dehydroabietylamide with maleic anhydride.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for hydroformylation of carbon black. The carbon black is hydroformylated by reacting carbon black with carbon monoxide and hydrogen under hydroformylation conditions in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst and organic reaction solvent. Addition of the hydroformylated carbon black enhances the rates of cure of sulfur vulcanizable rubber.