Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for soliciting a trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmission in wireless local area network (WLAN). The method includes: receiving, by a STA, a trigger frame which is used to solicit a type of TB PPDU transmissions from a plurality of STAs in the WLAN, the type of TB PPDU transmissions including high efficiency (HE) trigger-based (TB) PPDU transmissions, extremely high throughput (EHT) TB PPDU transmissions, or TB frequency domain aggregated PPDU (FD-A-PPDU) transmissions, and one or two subfields in the trigger frame indicate a bandwidth (BW) of the solicited TB PPDU, and transmitting, by the STA, the solicited TB PPDU in the BW indicated by the one or two subfields in the trigger frame.

Abstract: A non-AP/PCP communication apparatus comprises: a receiver which receives a measurement request which is transmitted from an AP/PCP communication apparatus and which requests measurement used in SPSH executability determination; and a transmitter which transmits to the AP/PCP communication apparatus the result of carrying out the measurement on the basis of the measurement request. Using a first period, which is a period in which communication is to be carried out with a first non-AP/PCP communication apparatus, the transmitter and the receiver carry out communication with the first device using a first protocol, and in a second period which is included in the measurement request and in which communication is not carried out with the first device, the receiver carries out measurement of a received signal using the first protocol. The result includes information relating to the measurement of the received signal and information relating to the first protocol.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus of the present disclosure comprises a signal generator which, in operation, generates a transmission signal that comprises a data field containing a WUR (Wake Up Radio) Mode Setup frame; wherein a field of a WUR Mode element included in the WUR Mode Setup frame contains the information on Group IDs (Identifiers) assigned by an AP (Access Point) to the station comprising the transmission apparatus; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the generated transmission signal.

Abstract: A communication apparatus of the present disclosure comprises a first receiver which, in operation, receives a downlink data frame from a base station; a decoder which, in operation, decodes data included in the received downlink data frame; a signal generator which, when the decoded data indicates that there is no buffered traffic for the communication apparatus, generates an uplink frame that includes acknowledgement information and a wake-up radio (WUR) mode request indicating a request to transit to the WUR mode from a primary connectivity radio (PCR) mode; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the uplink frame to the base station.

Abstract: A wireless communication method, a terminal device and a network device are provided. The method includes: updating mapping information, wherein the mapping information is traffic identifier-to-link mapping information at a sending end; generating an indication message; and sending the indication message to a receiving end, wherein the indication message is used for indicating that the receiving end does not need to respond, with regard to the indication message, to the sending end, and the indication message comprises: updated mapping information, such that the receiving end updates, according to the updated mapping information, traffic identifier-to-link mapping information at the receiving end.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for trigger-based uplink multi-user transmission. A communication apparatus is provided, the communication apparatus comprising: circuitry, which in operation, generates a trigger frame comprising a common info field and a plurality of user info fields; and a transmitter, which in operation, transmits the generated trigger frame; wherein each of the plurality of user info fields comprises a first field which indicates whether a resource unit (RU) adaptation procedure is disabled for another communication apparatus addressed by the each of the plurality of user info field and a second field which indicates a RU or RU combination allocated to the another communication apparatus.

Abstract: A method for preparing an SEI (solid electrolyte interphase)-like film component additive, and an electrolyte solution comprising the SEI-like film component additive prepared by the method are provided. Compared with a conventional electrolyte solution (electrolyte solution without adding SEI-like film component additive), the electrolyte solution of the present application can prevent the loss of the effective ingredients caused by the dissolution of the SEI film on the negative electrode in the electrolyte solution during battery storage and use, and the electrolyte solution of the present application can also timely supplement the lost or damaged SEI film with effective ingredients, so that the damaged parts of the SEI film are quickly and timely supplemented.

Abstract: An access point (AP), a station (STA), and a wireless communication method are provided. The wireless communication method includes configuring, by an AP, an aggregated physical layer protocol data unit (A-PPDU) comprising one or more high efficiency (HE) PPDUs and/or one or more extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDUs, and determining if no preamble puncturing is applied to the A-PPDU, a first spectral mask for the A-PPDU depends on a bandwidth (BW) of the A-PPDU and/or if a preamble puncturing is applied to the A-PPDU, a second spectral mask for the A-PPDU is subject to the first spectral mask for the A-PPDU and/or mask restrictions on one or more punctured subchannels in the A-PPDU. This can solve issues in the prior art, apply an appropriate spectral mask to the A-PPDU, reduce adjacent-channel interference, achieve extremely high throughput, provide good communication performance, and/or provide high reliability.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus of the present disclosure comprises a signal generator which, in operation, generates a transmission signal that includes a data field containing a WUR (Wake Up Radio) frame; wherein an address field of the WUR frame contains a first identifier if the WUR frame is unicast WUR Wake Up frame, or a second identifier if the WUR frame is multicast WUR Wake Up frame, or a third identifier if the WUR frame is broadcast WUR Wake Up frame; wherein the value ranges of the first identifier, the second identifier and the third identifier are mutually exclusive; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the generated transmission signal.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present application provides an anti-caries film, it contains a fluorine-containing silane, a film-forming agent, and an acidic substance.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a transmission apparatus that comprises a first payload generator configured to generate payload of a packet of a first signal type; a second payload generator configured to generate payload of a packet of a second signal type; a packet scheduler that controls the transmission timings of the first and the second packet; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits, under the timing control of the packet scheduler, the packet of the first signal type followed by the packet of the second signal type.

Abstract: A transmission method comprises: generating a transmission signal including OFDM symbols, wherein the last OFDM symbol of the OFDM symbols can be partitioned into four segments, and wherein the generating includes: computing an initial padding factor value associated with one of the four segments and computing an initial number of OFDM symbols; determining a user with a longest packet duration among plural users; determining a common padding factor value being the initial padding factor value and a common number of OFDM symbols being the initial number of OFDM symbols of the determined user with the longest packet duration; adding pre-FEC padding bits toward one of four possible boundaries of the last OFDM symbol, the one of four possible boundaries being represented by the determined common padding factor value; and adding post-FEC padding bits in remaining segment(s) of the last OFDM symbol; and transmitting the generated transmission signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a communication apparatus comprising a cryptographic circuitry which, in operation, uses a shared cryptographic secret Key and a cryptographic salt to generate a cryptographically encoded Message Integrity Code (MIC) that is computed over the address field of a Wake Up Radio (WUR) frame; and a transmission signal generator which, in operation, generates a secure WUR signal by replacing the address field of the WUR frame with the MIC; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the secure WUR signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to wireless communication technology, and provides a multicast transmission control method and apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium. The method includes: obtaining station information lists of at least two APs, the station information list including channel quality information of an associated first-type station and an associated second-type station, the first-type station being a station in an OBSS and the second-type station being a station not in the OBSS; generating multicast optimization information for the at least two APs based on the station information lists of the at least two APs respectively, the multicast optimization information indicating multicast rates and multicast receiving stations of the corresponding APs; and transmitting the corresponding multicast optimization information to the at least two APs.

Abstract: A secondary battery, including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte are provided. In some embodiments, the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector having two main surfaces, the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector having two main surfaces, and at least one of the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector includes at least one recess structure extending from at least one main surface into interior of the current collector, where the recess structure has a recess depth h1 in microns, the electrolyte has a conductivity ? in Siemens/meter, and numerically, ? and h1 satisfy the following relationship: 8tanhh1+0.2h1???10tanh(h1)2+2+0.1h1. This application further provides a battery module including the foregoing secondary battery, a battery pack, and an electric apparatus.

Abstract: An access point (AP), a station (STA), and a wireless communication method are provided. The wireless communication method includes configuring, by an AP, a trigger based aggregated physical layer protocol data unit (TB A-PPDU) to a set of STAs, where in a trigger frame, when an association identifier (AID) subfield of a user information field is set to a first value and a value range of the first value is [2008, 2044] or [2047, 4094], the user information field allocates one or more contiguous random access resource units (RA-RUs) with a same size for associated STAs in the set of STAs, and/or when the AID subfield is set to a second value different from the first value and a value range of the second value is [2008, 2044] or [2047, 4094], the user information field allocates one or more contiguous RA-RUs with a same size for unassociated STAs.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a data transmission method applied in a network device. The method includes obtaining an initial transmission time of a Frequency Domain-Aggregated-Physical layer Protocol Data Unit (FD-A-PPDU) including at least two Multi-User (MU) PPDUs; obtaining an initial number of A-PPDU padding symbols for each of the at least two MU PPDUs; determining a first transmission time of the FD-A-PPDU and a first number of A-PPDU padding symbols for each of the at least two MU PPDUs based on the initial transmission time of the FD-A-PPDU and the initial number of A-PPDU padding symbols for each of the at least two MU PPDUs; generating the FD-A-PPDU based on the first transmission time of the FD-A-PPDU and the first number of A-PPDU padding symbols for each of the at least two MU PPDUs; and transmitting the generated FD-A-PPDU to a plurality of terminal devices.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter transmits a Trigger Frame for allocating resources for Uplink Multi User (UL MU) transmission, the Trigger Frame comprising a common information field that includes a type subfield indicating one of a plurality of trigger types, wherein the plurality of trigger types includes a first trigger type, a second trigger type and a third trigger type, the first trigger type indicating a basic trigger, the second trigger type indicating multi-user block ack request, and the third trigger type indicating a specific trigger used for soliciting a specific type of UL MU response frame from a plurality of terminal stations. The receiver, responsive to the type subfield indicating the third trigger type, receives the specific type of UL MU response frame from the plurality of terminal station.

Abstract: The invention provides a lipid of Formula (I) and nanoparticle compositions containing the same. Nanoparticle compositions including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.

Abstract: A communication method of the present disclosure comprises transmitting a sounding frame comprising a training signal; and receiving a first feedback frame from a communication partner device, the first feedback frame comprising first beamforming feedback information, wherein the first feedback frame is transmitted together with at least one second feedback frame by multiuser transmission.