Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product are provided for encoding audio events as geo-referenced audio events for use in location establishment. Methods may include: receiving first audio data from a first sensor; establishing a baseline frequency profile; identifying, within the first audio data, a first audio event, where the first audio event satisfies at least one predefined criteria relative to the baseline frequency profile; identify a location corresponding to the first audio event; encoding the first audio event in a database to correspond to the location; receiving second audio data from a second sensor; identifying, within the second audio data, a second audio event; correlating the second audio event with the first audio event; and providing the location in response to the second audio data. The at least one criteria may include a statistically significant change in a prominent frequency in the audio data.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product is provided, for example, for learning about a road sign using clustering of pre-processed road sign recognition observations. In an example embodiment, the method may include receiving, by a layered clustering system, the pre-processed road sign recognition observations generated by at least one sensor installed on a vehicle. The pre-processed road sign recognition observations include at least two continuous-value attributes. The method may further include creating, by the layered clustering system, a first clustering label corresponding to a first attribute of the at least two continuous-value attributes for generating a plurality of first clusters.

Abstract: A system, a method, and a computer program product for validating a road sign are provided. The method comprises determining a transition location associated with the road sign using map data. The transition location is at least one of a map region start location or a map region end location. The method further comprises determining road sign data associated with the road sign using a sensor data cluster. The method further comprises determining a validity of the road sign based on the road sign data and the transition location.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer program product are provided for determining roadwork extension data for identification of at least one roadwork extension. The method, for example, includes clustering a first plurality of lane marking observations captured by a plurality of vehicles, based on a lane marking location and a lane marking heading of each of the first plurality of lane marking observations to generate at least one lane marking cluster and map-matching the lane marking cluster to one or more links to obtain one or more map-matched links. The method further includes searching for one or more missing links associated with each of the map-matched links based on link attributes of the map-matched links and a distance threshold and generating the roadwork extension data based on the map matched links and the missing links.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for determining a positional offset associated with a location of a road sign are disclosed herein. The method comprises obtaining a first plurality of road sign observations of the road sign captured by a plurality of vehicles, wherein the first plurality of road sign observations comprise location data of the plurality of vehicles, heading data of the plurality of vehicles, and speed data of the plurality of vehicles. The method further comprises computing, by a processor, a plurality of longitudinal offsets between at least a second plurality of road sign observations of the first plurality of road sign observations and ground truth data associated with the road sign.

Abstract: An apparatus is configured to perform a method for generating warning polygons for weather events in a geographic region. The method includes receiving measurement data from one or more sensors, identifying at least one location from the measurement data, identifying a map tile within a predetermined distance to the at least one location, defining an index including the map tile in response to identification that the map tile is within the predetermined distance to the at least one location, calculating a confidence level for the map tile accessed from the index, comparing the confidence level for the map tile to a threshold confidence level, clustering the map tile in a map tile cluster in response to the confidence level exceeding the threshold level, and calculating a polygon based on the map tile cluster such that the polygon intersects the geographic region.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer program product are provided for generating route data of one or more routes through an area. The method includes obtaining from a map database, a plurality of map-matched links corresponding to area and determining one or more first links and one or more second links from the plurality of map-matched links. The method further includes searching the map database, in the downstream of each of the first links for one or more missing downstream links and searching the map database in the upstream of each of the second links for one or more missing upstream links, and generating the route data of the routes based on the first link, the second link, the missing downstream links, the missing upstream links, and the plurality of map-matched links.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product are provided for generating ramp link data of a road in a region. In an example embodiment, the method may include obtaining map data of the region, wherein the map data comprises link data of a plurality of links in the region. The method may further include determining at least one link pair corresponding to the road from the map data of the region based on one or more of a link start criterion, a heading criterion, or an uplink criterion. The method may further include determining one or more attributes of each link of the obtained at least one link pair and generating the ramp link data of the road based on the one or more attributes of each link of the at least one link pair.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method, a system, and a computer program product in accordance with at least one example embodiment for generating parallel road data of a region. The method comprises obtaining map data of the region, determining a plurality of first links associated with the at least one road sign, based on the map data of the region, and determining a relative position of the at least one road sign with respect to each of the plurality of first links. The method also includes determining one or more second links, based on the relative position of the at least one road sign with respect to each of the plurality of first links and generating the parallel road data of the region, based on the one or more second links.

Abstract: A system, a method, and a computer program product for generating updated map data are provided. The method comprises obtaining map data of a speed sign associated with a plurality of parallel roads, determining one or more effective links associated with the speed sign, based on the map data of the speed sign, determining first vehicle sensor data corresponding to the one or more effective links, and generating a speed index for each of the one or more effective links based on the first vehicle sensor data The method further comprises generating the updated map data based on the speed index for each of the one or more effective links.

Abstract: An approach is provided for detecting a presence of a physical divider on a road segment. The approach, for example, involves receiving sensor data from a vehicle traveling a road segment. The sensor data indicates a distance from the vehicle to the physical divider, a cross-sensor consistency of detecting the physical divider between at least two sensors of the vehicle, or a combination thereof. The approach also involves determining that the sensor data indicates the presence of the physical divider based on determining that the distance is within distance criteria, the cross-sensor consistency is within consistency criteria, or a combination thereof. The approach further involves updating data provided by a physical divider signal from the vehicle to indicate the presence of the physical divider on the road segment.

Abstract: An approach is provided for determining a negative observation of a road feature (e.g., traffic sign). The approach involves, for example, querying a spatial data structure for a set of location points based on a spatial radius around a location of the road feature. The spatial data structure stores a plurality of location points from a plurality of location traces that did not have a road feature observation. The approach also involves map matching each location trace in the set of location points to a matched path of road links. The approach further involves determining that said each location trace is a negative observation of the road feature based on determining that the location of the road feature falls between two map-matched location points of said each location trace that are on the matched path of road links.

Abstract: An approach is provided for vehicle map data update. The approach involves, for example, processing sensor data captured by a sensor of a vehicle to detect a machine-readable visual representation. The machine-readable visual representation encodes map data corresponding to a map tile of a geographic database. The approach also involves decoding the map data from the machine-readable visual representation. The approach further involves updating a local copy of the map tile stored in the vehicle based on the map data.

Abstract: An approach is provided for detecting false positive slippery road reports. For example, the approach involves receiving a slippery road report from a vehicle. The slippery road report, for instance, indicates that a slippery road event is detected at a location based on sensor information collected by the vehicle. The approach also involves map matching the location of the slippery road report to the mapping data to evaluate a proximity of the location to at least one geographic feature that is designated as an area where driver behavior is expected to be at least one cause of the slippery road event. The approach further involves classifying the slippery road report as the slippery road false positive report based on the evaluation.

Abstract: A solution including a method, a system, and a computer program product are provided herein in accordance with at least one example embodiment for identification of at least one road work extension in a geographical location. The solution includes the process of building and accessing of a map for the geographic location curated with the marking of one or more road work zones corresponding to the at least one road work extensions. The method includes the steps of obtaining multiple speed funnels of a route and validating at least one speed funnel based on the sign value of a last learned speed sign of the speed funnel. The method further generates the road work extension data associated with the road work extension based on the last learned speed sign and a result.

Abstract: A method is provided for prediction of a physical divider on a road. The method comprises retrieving vehicular sensor data, map data, or a combination thereof captured over a predefined period of time for at least one segment of the road. The method further comprises aggregating the respective vehicular sensor data, map data, or the combination thereof for the at least one segment of the road to generate one or more aggregated values. The method further comprises generating output data corresponding to presence of the physical divider in the at least one segment of the road by a machine learning model based on the one or more aggregated values as an input to the machine learning model.

Abstract: A system, a method, and a computer program product for generating updated map data are provided. The method comprises obtaining first sensor data associated with a plurality of first road signs within a geographic region, obtaining second sensor data associated with the geographic region, and determining a sign matching efficiency for the geographic region, based on the first sensor data and the second sensor data. The method further comprises generating the updated map data, based on the determined sign matching efficiency.

Abstract: An apparatus is configured to perform a method for generating warning polygons for weather events in a geographic region. The method includes receiving measurement data from one or more sensors, identifying at least one location from the measurement data, identifying a map tile within a predetermined distance to the at least one location, defining an index including the map tile in response to identification that the map tile is within the predetermined distance to the at least one location, calculating a confidence level for the map tile accessed from the index, comparing the confidence level for the map tile to a threshold confidence level, clustering the map tile in a map tile cluster in response to the confidence level exceeding the threshold level, and calculating a polygon based on the map tile cluster such that the polygon intersects the geographic region.

Abstract: An approach is provided for interpolating weather forecast reports for a forecast location having limited weather station access. The approach involves segmenting a plurality of weather forecast reports according to a plurality of segmentation categories, the plurality of segmentation categories representing respective one or more forecast parameters. The approach also involves determining respective values of the plurality of segmentation categories from each of the plurality of weather forecasts. The approach further involves selecting a representative value from the respective values for each of the one or more segmentation categories. The approach further involves combining the representative value for said each of the plurality of segmentation categories to generate an interpolated weather forecast report.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer program product may be provided for updating map data in a map database to indicate presence of a road sign. The method may include obtaining first sensor data associated with a road sign. The first sensor data may comprise at least one of one or more first positive observations of a road sign or one or more first negative observations of the road sign. The method may further include obtaining second sensor data for the road sign, for example, based on the first sensor data. The second sensor data may comprise cumulative historic road sign observation data for time duration. The method may include determining a sign confidence ratio based on the first sensor data and the second sensor data. The method may include updating the map data based on the sign confidence ratio.