Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel is provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer and a plurality of strip-shaped spacers disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. In the liquid crystal display panel, there is an overlapping area between an orthographic projection of a first signal line on a target base and an orthographic projection of a second signal line on the target base, and an orthographic projection of the strip-shaped spacer on the target base is not overlapped with the overlapping area.

Abstract: A close-end fuel cell and an anode bipolar plate thereof are provided. The anode bipolar plate includes an airtight conductive frame and a conductive porous substrate disposed within the airtight conductive frame. In the airtight conductive frame, an edge of a first side has a fuel inlet, and an edge of a second side has a fuel outlet. The conductive porous substrate has at least one flow channel, where a first end of the flow channel communicates with the fuel inlet, a second end of the flow channel communicates with the fuel outlet. The flow channel is provided with a blocking part near the fuel inlet to divide the flow channel into two areas.

Abstract: A skin layer of a superconducting tape has a woven mesh structure and is disposed on a surface of a superconducting tape. The skin layer of a superconducting tape solves the problem where a vapor layer generated when a superconductor is in a normal resistive state greatly reduces the efficiency of a heat exchange between the superconductor and liquid nitrogen. Further provided are the superconducting tape and a superconducting coil.

Abstract: A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for the preparation of 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine, comprising: performing a cyclization reaction on 4,5-dichloro-4-methoxypentanenitrile in presence of a silicon compound and an acylamide compound to obtain 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparation of 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, comprising: performing a cyclization reaction on 1-(chloroacetyl)-2-(trifluoroacetyl)hydrazine in a presence of a silicon compound and an acylamide compound to obtain 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole. The silicon compound or/and acylamide compound provided by the present invention serve as cyclization reagents and have high efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display panel and a driving method therefor, and a display device. Two adjacent rows of sub-pixels are taken as a row group, and the row group is provided with a first sub row group and a second sub row group that are arranged in a column direction; a gate electrode of a first transistor in the first sub row group is electrically connected to a first gate line; a gate electrode of a second transistor in the second sub row group is electrically connected to a second gate line; two adjacent sub-pixels in the column direction share one third transistor, and a gate electrode of the third transistor in the row group is electrically connected to a third gate line; and the first transistor and the second transistor in one column of sub-pixels are electrically connected to a data line by means of the shared third transistor.

Abstract: A method for distributing an equity reward for federated learning based on an equity theory includes the following steps: applying Adams' equity theory to federated learning, analyzing, by a participant, all factors invested in a federated task comprehensively, then giving an expected reward for this task, calculating, by the task publisher, the reputation of the participant; participating, by the participant, in each round of a training task using a local data to evaluate data contribution, model contribution, and a waiting-time allowance of the participant, then combining contribution results of the three factors to evaluate the contribution of the participant; after a global model converges, dynamically adjusting weights of the three factors according to an objective function of the equity reward, with a goal that an actual reward of the participant is as close as possible to the expected reward, and obtaining and distributing the actual reward of the participant.

Abstract: An electrolyte is provided, which includes organic solvent; and (1) a compound and an ammonium salt thereof, (2) a diacid and an ammonium salt thereof, or (3) a combination thereof. The compound has a chemical structure of wherein R1 is C1-8 alkyl group, C1-8 alkenyl group, C1-8 alkynyl group, or aromatic group; and R2 is —(CnH2n)—OH, and n is an integer from 2 to 8. The diacid has a chemical structure of wherein R3 is C1-8 alkyl group, C1-8 alkenyl group, C1-8 alkynyl group, or aromatic group.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a polymer, including a first repeating unit represented by formula (I), a second repeating unit represented by formula (II), and a third repeating unit represented by formula (III). The first repeating unit, the second repeating unit, and the third repeating unit are arranged in an alternating fashion, in a random fashion, or in discrete blocks. The molar ratio of the first repeating unit, the second repeating unit and the third repeating unit is m:n:o, and m:(n+o) is from 60:40 to 85:15. The definitions of a, R1, R2, A?, and R+ are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: An anode catalyst material has a chemical formula of FeaNibMcNdOe, wherein M is Mo, W, Sn, Si, Nb, V, Cr, Ta or a combination thereof. a+b+c+d+e=1, a>0, b>0, c>0, d?0, and e?0. The anode catalyst material can be used in a water electrolysis device for hydrogen evolution, which includes an anode and a cathode disposed in an alkaline aqueous solution, and the anode includes the described anode catalyst material.

Abstract: An air-cooling fuel cell stack includes fuel cells, wherein each of the fuel cells includes an anode bipolar plate, a cathode bipolar plate, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) between the anode and cathode bipolar plates, and an anode sealing member. The MEA includes an anode side structure, a cathode side structure, and an ion conductive membrane (ICM), and the ICM is sandwiched between the anode side structure and the cathode side structure. The anode sealing member is disposed at a periphery of the anode side structure and sandwiched by the anode bipolar plate and the ICM. The anode sealing member includes a first sealing material and a second sealing material, a Shore hardness of the first sealing material is different from that of the second sealing material, and an arrangement direction of the first and second sealing materials is perpendicular to a compression direction of the plurality of fuel cells.

Abstract: A composition for an electrolytic capacitor and an electrolytic capacitor including the composition is provided. The composition includes an intrinsically conductive polymer and an electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution includes an organic solvent, an ionic salt compound and a succinimide-based compound.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an anion exchange membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode includes a first metal mesh, a first catalyst layer wrapping the first metal mesh, a second metal mesh, and a second catalyst layer wrapping the second metal mesh. The first metal mesh is disposed between the anion exchange membrane and the second metal mesh. The second metal mesh is thicker than the first metal mesh, and the first catalyst layer is thicker than the second catalyst layer. The second catalyst layer is iron, cobalt, manganese, zinc, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, platinum, gold, or aluminum. The second catalyst layer is crystalline.

Abstract: A method for removing boron is provided, which includes (a) mixing a carbon source material and a silicon source material in a chamber to form a solid state mixture, (b) heating the solid state mixture to a temperature of 1000° C. to 1600° C., and adjusting the pressure of the chamber to 1 torr to 100 torr. The method also includes (c) conducting a gas mixture of a first carrier gas and water vapor into the chamber to remove boron from the solid state mixture, and (d) conducting a second carrier gas into the chamber.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an anion exchange membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode includes a first metal mesh, a first catalyst layer wrapping the first metal mesh, a second metal mesh, and a second catalyst layer wrapping the second metal mesh. The first metal mesh is disposed between the anion exchange membrane and the second metal mesh. The second metal mesh is thicker than the first metal mesh, and the first catalyst layer is thicker than the second catalyst layer. The second catalyst layer is iron, cobalt, manganese, zinc, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, platinum, gold, or aluminum. The second catalyst layer is crystalline.

Abstract: A secure communications method includes: receiving, by a first network device, a second ephemeral public key of a second network device; determining, by the first network device, an ephemeral session key based on a first shared key, a first ephemeral secret key of the first network device, and the second ephemeral public key, where the first shared key is shared between the first network device and the second network device; and performing, by the first network device, secure communication with the second network device based on the ephemeral session key.

Abstract: A Certification Authority (CA) server for issuing digital certificates generates a first digital certificate associated with a first public key of the device and calculates an update factor for the first private key. Based on the first public key, the calculated update factor, and a predefined public system parameter, the CA server calculates a second public key for a determined time period for the device. The CA server generates a second digital certificate valid at the determined time period and associated with the second public key and sends the second digital certificate to the device. A device may calculate an update factor for a stored first private key, calculates a second private key based on the calculated update factor and the first private key, receives from the CA server a second digital certificate associated with a second public key, and validates the device based on the second digital certificate.

Abstract: A close-end fuel cell and an anode bipolar plate thereof are provided. The anode bipolar plate includes an airtight conductive frame and a conductive porous substrate disposed within the airtight conductive frame. In the airtight conductive frame, an edge of a first side has a fuel inlet, and an edge of a second side has a fuel outlet. The conductive porous substrate has at least one flow channel, where a first end of the flow channel communicates with the fuel inlet, a second end of the flow channel communicates with the fuel outlet. The flow channel is provided with a blocking part near the fuel inlet to divide the flow channel into two areas.

Abstract: An air-cooling fuel cell stack includes fuel cells, wherein each of the fuel cells includes an anode bipolar plate, a cathode bipolar plate, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) between the anode and cathode bipolar plates, and an anode sealing member. The MEA includes an anode side structure, a cathode side structure, and an ion conductive membrane (ICM), and the ICM is sandwiched between the anode side structure and the cathode side structure. The anode sealing member is disposed at a periphery of the anode side structure and sandwiched by the anode bipolar plate and the ICM. The anode sealing member includes a first sealing material and a second sealing material, a Shore hardness of the first sealing material is different from that of the second sealing material, and an arrangement direction of the first and second sealing materials is perpendicular to a compression direction of the plurality of fuel cells.

Abstract: An electrolyte is provided, which includes organic solvent; and (1) a compound and an ammonium salt thereof, (2) a diacid and an ammonium salt thereof, or (3) a combination thereof. The compound has a chemical structure of wherein R1 is C1-8 alkyl group, C alkenyl group, C1-8 alkynyl group, or aromatic group; and R2 is —(CnH2n)—OH, and n is an integer from 2 to 8. The diacid has a chemical structure of wherein R3 is C1-8 alkyl group, C1-8 alkenyl group, C1-8 alkynyl group, or aromatic group.

Abstract: This application provides an authentication credential protection method and system. The protection method includes the following steps: generating authentication secret information based on a lock screen password and hardware secret information of a first device; randomly generating, by the first device, a symmetric key, and using the symmetric key as an encryption key for the authentication secret information; splitting the encryption key into at least two first key segments by using a multi-party data splitting algorithm, where one of the at least two first key segments is stored on the first device; and sending, by the first device, another first key segment to a trusted device. In the foregoing technical solution, the authentication secret information is generated by using the lock screen password and the hardware secret information, increasing information complexity. In addition, different trusted devices are used to store the split key segments, improving security of the encryption key.