Abstract: Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprise cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining.

Abstract: Holey fibers provide optical propagation. In various embodiments, a large core holey fiber comprises a cladding region formed by large holes arranged in few layers. The number of layers or rows of holes about the large core can be used to coarse tune the leakage losses of the fundamental and higher modes of a signal, thereby allowing the non-fundamental modes to be substantially eliminated by leakage over a given length of fiber. Fine tuning of leakage losses can be performed by adjusting the hole dimension and/or spacing to yield a desired operation with a desired leakage loss of the fundamental mode. Resulting holey fibers have a large hole dimension and spacing, and thus a large core, when compared to traditional fibers and conventional fibers that propagate a single mode. Other loss mechanisms, such as bend loss and modal spacing can be utilized for selected modes of operation of holey fibers.

Abstract: Embodiments of optical fiber may include cladding features that include a material (e.g., fluorine-doped silica glass) that may produce a very low relative refractive index difference with respect to cladding material in which the cladding features are disposed. This relative refractive index difference may be characterized by (n1-n2)/n1, where n1 is the index of refraction of the cladding material in which the cladding features are included, and n2 is the index of refraction of the cladding features. In certain embodiments, the relative refractive index difference may be less than about 4.5×10?3. In various embodiments, the configuration of the cladding features including, for example, the size and spacing of the cladding features, can be selected to provide for confinement of the fundamental mode yet leakage for the second mode and higher modes, which may provide mode filtering, single mode propagation, and/or low bend loss.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for the fermentation of a beverage by use of continuous flow is provided. The fermented beverage can be any of a wine, beer, mead, ale, soda, cider, or other. The invention provides for small-scale fermentation that can be done in a much shorter time than previous batch fermentations. The small-scale and shortened time allows for variables to be introduced and tested to produce new varieties, flavors, qualities, and other combinations that are inputs of the fermented beverage.

Abstract: One or more processors determine a common interest associated with a group of individuals based, at least in part, on one or more interests associated with individuals within the group of individuals. One or more processors determine a video output to display to the group of individuals. The video output is anticipated to appeal to at least a portion of the group of individuals based, at least in part, on the common interest associated with the group of individuals. One or more processors display the video output to the group of individuals.

Abstract: One or more processors determine a common interest associated with a group of individuals based, at least in part, on one or more interests associated with individuals within the group of individuals. One or more processors determine a video output to display to the group of individuals. The video output is anticipated to appeal to at least a portion of the group of individuals based, at least in part, on the common interest associated with the group of individuals. One or more processors display the video output to the group of individuals.

Abstract: High power parallel fiber arrays for the amplification of high peak power pulses are described. Fiber arrays based on individual fiber amplifiers as well as fiber arrays based on multi-core fibers can be implemented. The optical phase between the individual fiber amplifier elements of the fiber array is measured and controlled using a variety of phase detection and compensation techniques. High power fiber array amplifiers can be used for EUV and X-ray generation as well as pumping of parametric amplifiers.

Abstract: In the sorting bed, the material to be sorted enters into the pulsating hot air drying stage, and is dried and upgraded under the effect of air flow and high-temperature hot air, the material enters into the pulsating cold wind sorting stage under the effect of scraper conveyors which are parallely arranged up and down inside. The light products and heavy products sorted and layered are respectively conveyed to fine coal and gangue discharging outlets at both ends of the sorting machine. The float and hypostasis at the corresponding discharging ends are respectively discharged by light product discharging wheel and heavy product discharging wheel. At the discharging ends, the material is removed from the sorted light material and heavy material and the medium is purified and recycled to use through subsequent process. The dry sorted air containing vapor and dust is purified and recycled through a subsequent dust removal process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing data are provided. The method includes: receiving, through a network, a data processing request sent by a first device, where the first device is connected to the network via a wireless access point; obtaining a distance value between the first device and the wireless access point in a case that the wireless access point is a credit access point for the first device; calculating, based on the distance value between the first device and the wireless access point, a credit value associated with the first device in a case that the distance value exceeds a preset distance threshold; and accepting the data processing request in a case that the credit value is greater than or equal to a credit threshold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rapidly disintegrating oral dosage form that contains a drug/polymer solid solution and methods of using the oral dosage form.

Abstract: Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprise cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining.

Abstract: In an approach for managing a user interface a computer identifies a first user that is utilizing the user interface. The computer determines the identified first user is utilizing an aiming tool. The computer receives an input, the input including at least: an orientation of the aiming tool, wherein the orientation includes at least one of: a direction and a force to be applied upon release of the aiming tool. The computer calculates a trajectory from the aiming tool to a first location on the user interface based on the received input.

Abstract: Electronic equipment is controlled with a touching-type signal input device. An inputted navigator-calling request that specifies a user request to navigate among a set of previously-opened application views of different applications is received. A request mode of the inputted navigator-calling request is compared with a predefined request mode associated with navigation among the set of previously-opened application views of the different applications. It is determined whether the request mode of the inputted navigator-calling request matches with the predefined request mode. An open-views navigator is displayed in response to determining there is a match. The open-views navigator has a set of open-views tabs distributed on at least part of a closed structure that each allow selective navigation to a previously-opened application view of one of the different applications.

Abstract: The loop material sewing method includes: sewing one end of a loop material on a fabric in a state where a front side of the loop material faces the fabric; arranging a fork member including a pair of fork pins so as to arrange the loop material between the pair of fork pins; folding an opposite end of the loop material to a back side of the loop material by rotating the fork member around an axial line parallel to an extending direction of the pair of fork pins; relatively moving the fabric and the fork member in a length direction of the loop material; arranging the folded opposite end on the fabric, pulling out the fork pins from a folded portion at the opposite end by moving the fork member in a width direction of the loop material and sewing the folded opposite end on the fabric.

Abstract: High power parallel fiber arrays for the amplification of high peak power pulses are described. Fiber arrays based on individual fiber amplifiers as well as fiber arrays based on multi-core fibers can be implemented. The optical phase between the individual fiber amplifier elements of the fiber array is measured and controlled using a variety of phase detection and compensation techniques. High power fiber array amplifiers can be used for EUV and X-ray generation as well as pumping of parametric amplifiers.

Abstract: A method for producing three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from simpler components and space frames or truss structures produced by the associated method. The various components, which may be made from virtually any material, are shaped in such a way so that they may be fitted together to create a space frame or truss structure. The components may be held together by any available attachment means, or by the interaction of the components themselves. The method and associated components allows for the assembly of three-dimensional space frames or truss structures from planar materials, significantly reducing cost and manufacturing time. These space frames or trusses can then be used as structural members, as the interior load-bearing portions of sandwich panels, or in any situation where high-strength and light weight are desirable.

Abstract: A method for treating substrates or components; and substrates or components that have been treated by the associated method. The treatment may be applied to any iron or steel based alloy to create a treated layer that increases the strength of the substrate or component. The treatment may be especially useful for strengthening small structures, as with sandwich panels, small trusses, or other complex structures. The treatment may be used to improve strength, stiffness, fatigue resistance, and wear properties, among other benefits.

Abstract: An identity verifying method, an account acquiring method, a mobile terminal, and a storage medium are disclosed, and the account acquiring method includes: receiving, by a first mobile terminal, a user operation of accepting identity verification on the first mobile terminal, playing voice information which is stored in the first mobile terminal and has a correspondence relationship with a user account of a user of the first mobile terminal, and meanwhile collecting voice data of the played voice information using voice receiving means; sending, by the first mobile terminal, verification information comprising the user account and the voice data to a server to allow the server to determine whether the user passes the identity verification according to the verification information; and receiving, by the first mobile terminal, an identity verification result returned by the server. Thus, the voice information is used for identity verification.

Abstract: Electronic equipment is controlled with a touching-type signal input device. An inputted navigator-calling request is received. A request mode of the inputted navigator-calling request is compared with a predefined request mode. It is determined whether the request mode of the inputted navigator-calling request matches with the predefined request mode. A navigator is displayed in response to determining there is a match. The navigator has a set of tabs distributed on at least part of a closed structure.

Abstract: Embodiments for a tubular ceramic-carbonate dual-phase membrane and methods for manufacturing the tubular ceramic-carbonate dual-phase membrane are disclosed.