Abstract: A hybrid constant current control system that uses both pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control. When transitioning from constant voltage mode to constant current mode the present invention can continue to control using PWM. Thereafter, when the voltage has dropped, the present invention smoothly transitions to PFM mode. The point of transition is based upon the switching frequency and the lowest rated voltage of operation. The system and method avoids very short (narrow) Ton times which ensures accurate constant current (CC) control with bipolar junction transistor (BJT) devices. The present invention also avoids acoustic noise because the switching frequency is maintained at a high enough level to avoid such acoustic noise even when the energy transferred through the transformer is still substantial and the output voltage is not too low.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gate driving device for Thin Film Transistor liquid crystal display comprising: a plurality of shift registers directly deposited on an array substrate, said shift registers being composed of effect transistors and a capacitor, obtaining a gate driving signal voltage by controlling an input signal. Said shift register can be realized by 5-layer mask process or 4-layer mask process, by arranging the field effect transistors on the margin part outside the active region on the substrate or at the edge of the substrate, and then directly depositing them on an array substrate. The invention obtains a gate driving signal voltage by the shift registers directly deposited on the substrate, thus overcoming the shortage of the need of driving chips and film layers in the prior art, substantially reducing the production cost for LCD.

Abstract: A primary side sensing power control system and method for constant current control that utilizes a relationship that involves the measured reset-time from the previous cycle to determine the primary side peak current and off-time for the next cycle. This control mechanism does not need the knowledge of input voltage or magnetizing inductance. Therefore, it removes the sensitivities of input voltage and magnetizing inductance to the output current limit. Furthermore, it uses a time measurement instead of a voltage measurement for the current calculation which in many cases is easier to perform.

Abstract: The present invention discloses and describes pluripotent homozygous stem (HS) cells, and methods and materials for making same. The present invention also provides methods for differentiation of HS cells into progenitor (multipotent) cells or other desired cells, groups of cells or tissues. Further, the applications of the HS cells disclosed herein, include (but are not limited to) the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases (for example, genetic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, endocrine-related disorders and cancer), traumatic injuries, cosmetic or therapeutic transplantation, gene therapy and cell replacement therapy.

Abstract: A method for estimating channel impulse response (CIR) in a communication system includes converting RF analog signals to obtain baseband digitized signals, sampling the baseband digitized signals according to the symbol period or bit period, cross-correlating at least part of the samples and a predetermined set of training sequence symbols, and calculating the ratio of the maximum square of the modulus (power) value and the second largest value among the outputs of the cross-correlations. If the ratio is larger than a first predetermined value, the method outputs the cross-correlation values as the CIR according to the time step index of the maximum power value, and if the ratio is not larger than the first predetermined value, the method calculates the energy of a predetermined window and outputs the cross-correlation values as the CIR according to the time step index of the maximum energy.

Abstract: An exemplary debugging system (2) for a liquid crystal display device (26) includes a host computer (22). The host computer includes a graphics card (220), a driver layer (225), and an application layer (226). The application layer includes a graphical user interface, and the driver layer includes a plurality of drivers to drive the graphics card. The host computer is configured for storing chip data of a scaler chip (260) of the liquid crystal display device, reading and writing the scaler chip via the graphics card, and displaying corresponding chip data on the liquid crystal display device via the graphical user interface such that the corresponding chip data can be revised in a debugging process of the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A primary side sensing power control system and method for constant current control that utilizes a relationship that involves the measured reset-time from the previous cycle to determine the primary side peak current and off-time for the next cycle. This control mechanism does not need the knowledge of input voltage or magnetizing inductance. Therefore, it removes the sensitivities of input voltage and magnetizing inductance to the output current limit. Furthermore, it uses a time measurement instead of a voltage measurement for the current calculation which in many cases is easier to perform.

Abstract: A video graphics array color signal generator is provided. The signal generator includes an FPGA (field program gate array) device (1), a PROM (programmable read only memory) (2), a PLL (phase locked loop) circuit (3), a D/A (digital/analog) convertor (4) connected with the FPGA device, a VGA (video graphics array) interface (5), a pixel clock generator (6) which generates pixel clocks continuously at a frequency, and a keyboard (7) which provides operating buttons for users.

Abstract: Plural composite panels are aligned in multiple horizontal rows. Each composite panel includes a titanium panel (anode), an electrical insulating member and a stainless-steel band member. The titanium panels (also, stainless-steel band members) of horizontally adjacent panels overlap each other to be in face-to-face contact. The stainless-steel band members are horizontally connected at different levels to form long negative electrodes (cathode) extending in seawater-flowing direction in an inlet channel. Each stainless-steel band member is exposed to seawater through a gap between vertically adjacent composite panels.

Abstract: An exemplary testing system for liquid crystal displays includes a host (1) and a liquid crystal display (2). The host includes a display card (10) having a memory (105). Plural reference data according to a plurality of timing control modes are stored in the memory. The display card controls the liquid crystal display to display testing images by transmitting horizontal synchronization signals, vertical synchronization signals, red signals, green signals, and blue signals to the liquid crystal display using one of the timing control modes.

Abstract: A transmitter controlling output power to generate a ramp and a method thereof. The transmitter comprises a baseband module, a transmitter module, and a power amplifier. The baseband module receives a power control level, determines a scaling factor according to the power control level, determines a difference between an upper power limit and lower power limit according to a position on the ramp, and calculates a control signal according to the scaling factor, the lower power limit, and the difference. The transmitter module transmits data. The power amplifier coupled to the baseband module and the transmitter module, outputs the data with the output power according the control signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptide agonists of the MC4 receptor, and as such are useful in the treatment of disorders responsive to the activation of this receptor, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and male and/or female sexual dysfunction.

Abstract: A system and method for automatically upgrading the firmware of a display without user interaction, wherein a new version of firmware is downloaded and stored at a host computer. The host computer monitors all communications between the host computer and an external source to determine when new or updated firmware has been uploaded. If the host computer includes a graphic card, the display is checked to determine whether it is active. If the display is active, communication over a communication cable located between the host computer and display is established, and the new version of firmware is uploaded to memory located in the display. The host computer forwards the firmware over the communication cable as at least one signal component, such as data and clock signals, which is transmitted from a graphic card located in the host computer to a graphic processor located in the display.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating metabolic disorders, including, for example, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cachexia, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disorders, methods of inducing weight loss and increasing muscle mass in a patient, by administration of MC3R agonist peptides. Furthermore, the present invention provides the use of an MC3R agonist peptide for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of metabolic disorders, including, for example, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cachexia, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disorders, inducing weight loss and increasing muscle mass in a patient.

Abstract: A video graphic array colorful signal generator is provided. The signal generator includes a FPGA (field program gate array) device (1), a PROM (programmable read only memory) (2), a PLL (phase locked loop) circuit (3), a D/A (digital/analog) convertor (4) connected with the FPGA device, a VGA (video graphic array) interface (5), a pixel clock generator (6) which generates pixel clock continuously at a frequency, and a keyboard (7) which provides operating buttons for users.

Abstract: An apparatus for adjusting a pixel clock frequency based on a phase locked loop (PLL) includes: a pixel clock generator (11) for generating an actual pixel clock having an actual frequency; a division frequency counter (12) for dividing the actual pixel clock into several pixel clocks having different frequency ranges by means of multiplying the actual frequency of the actual pixel clock by a multiplier; a reference frequency counter (13) for dividing the actual pixel clock by means of lowering the actual frequency of the actual pixel clock, and generating a reference frequency; a reactive frequency counter (14) for dividing the actual pixel clock by means of heightening the actual frequency of the actual pixel clock, and generating a reactive frequency; a PLL circuit (16) for integrating the reference frequency and the reactive frequency to generate a required pixel clock having a required frequency. A related method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for checking BIOS ROM data is disclosed. The system includes a keyboard (10), a display (20), a computer host (30), and a checking device (40). The computer host (30) has a BIOS ROM (301) installed therein. The checking device (40) includes: a data dividing module (400) for dividing the BIOS ROM data into a plurality of sections; a data obtaining module (401) for capturing BIOS ROM data from one or more sections, and for counting a check datum; a data checking module (402) for comparing the check datum with a standard datum, and for determining whether the two data are equal; and a checking result outputting module (403) for outputting the checking results. A related method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An integrated magnetic assembly that allows the primary and secondary windings of a transformer and a separate inductor winding to be integrated on a unitary magnetic structure is disclosed. The unitary magnetic structure includes first, second, and third legs that are physically connected and magnetically coupled. The primary and secondary windings of the transformer can be formed on the third leg of the unitary magnetic structure. Alternatively, the primary and secondary windings can be split between the first and second legs. Thus, the primary winding includes first and second primary windings disposed on the first and second legs and the secondary winding includes first and second secondary windings disposed on the first and second legs. The inductor winding may also be formed either on the third leg or it may split into first and second inductor windings and disposed on the first and second legs. In addition, one or more legs may include an energy storage component such as an air gap.

Abstract: A method of producing a homogenous population of homozygous stem (HS) cells pre-selected for immunotype and/or genotype from donor cells is described herein. The invention relates to methods of using immunohistocompatible HS cells for diagnosis, therapeutic and cosmetic transplantation, and the treatment of various genetic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic injuries and cancer. The invention further relates to methods for using histocompatible HS stem cells pre-selected for a non-disease genotype for prophylactic and therapeutic intervention including, but not limited to, therapeutic and cosmetic transplantation, and the treatment of various genetic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.

Abstract: A method for estimating channel impulse response (CIR) in a communication system includes converting RF analog signals to obtain baseband digitized signals, sampling the baseband digitized signals according to the symbol period or bit period, cross-correlating at least part of the samples and a predetermined set of training sequence symbols, and calculating the ratio of the maximum square of the modulus (power) value and the second largest value among the outputs of the cross-correlations. If the ratio is larger than a first predetermined value, the method outputs the cross-correlation values as the CIR according to the time step index of the maximum power value, and if the ratio is not larger than the first predetermined value, the method calculates the energy of a predetermined window and outputs the cross-correlation values as the CIR according to the time step index of the maximum energy.