Abstract: An electronic clock radio using a clock integrated circuit and a radio integrated circuit. A first energizing potential when applied to the NAP/SLEEP input connection of the clock circuit, causes the clock circuit to switch from a first electric state to a second electric state. After a selected interval of time, not greater than 60 minutes, the clock circuit switches from the second electric state to the first electric state. The radio, normally in an OFF state is placed in an ON state only upon receiving a second energizing potential applied to its input connection. A control circuit, having a manually operable switch with NAP and SLEEP positions and being responsive to the electric states of the clock circuit, connects this second energizing potential to the radio input only when:(i) the manually operable switch is in the NAP position and the clock circuit is the first electric state, or(ii) the manually operable switch is in the SLEEP position and the clock circuit is in the second electric state.

Abstract: Process for the liquid phase oxidation of an unsaturated lower aliphatic aldehyde to the corresponding carboxylic acid wherein the oxidation is carried out by passage of an oxygen-containing gas through a liquid medium containing the unsaturated aldehyde and a fluorine-containing organic compound.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid by the ruthenium and/or osmium catalyzed conversion of peroxide (peroxy) intermediate compounds, derived from the autoxidation of acrolein or methacrolein, to the corresponding .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid, particularly the conversion of permethacrylic acid and methacrolein monopermethacrylate to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the liquid phase oxidation of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes, such as methacrolein and the in situ decomposition or conversion of unsaturated peroxy (peroxide) compounds formed during the oxidation to the corresponding .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids which comprises passing oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas such as air through an inert solvent solution of the unsaturated aldehyde at a suitable temperature and pressure in the presence of an organic or inorganic zinc salt catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid which comprises catalytically decomposing or converting in the presence of tellurium the peroxide (peroxy) compounds contained in the oxidate solution derived from the autoxidation of acrolein or methacrolein, particularly, the conversion of permethacrylic acid and methacrolein monopermethacrylate to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid which comprises catalytically decomposing or converting in the presence of selenium the peroxide (peroxy) compounds formed during autoxidation or contained in the oxidate solution derived from the autoxidation of the respective acrolein or methacrolein, particularly, the conversion of permethacrylic acid and methacrolein monopermethacrylate to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the liquid phase oxidation of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes, and the in situ decomposition of unsaturated intermediate peroxy (peroxide) compounds formed during oxidation, to the corresponding unsaturated aliphatic acid which comprises passing oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas through an inert solvent solution of the aldehyde at a suitable temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalytic amount of a thallium salt. The solvents employed may be mixed with water forming a heterogeneous solvent system.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids by the liquid phase oxidation of the corresponding .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde, such as acrolein and methacrolein, and the in situ decomposition or conversion of unsaturated peroxy (peroxide) compounds formed during oxidation, which comprises passing air or oxygen through an inert organic solvent solution of the aldehyde at a suitable temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalytic amount of an organic or inorganic bismuth salt. Heterogeneous solvent systems employing mixtures of the organic solvent and water may be used.

Abstract: A method for the production of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids by the liquid phase oxidation of the corresponding .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes, particularly acrolein and methacrolein, and the in situ decomposition of unsaturated intermediate peroxy (peroxide) compounds formed during oxidation, which comprises passing oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas through an inert solvent solution of the aldehyde at a suitable temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalytic amount of an inorganic or organic antimony salt. The solvent employed may also be mixed with water forming a heterogeneous solvent system.