Abstract: A session management method performed by a session management network element includes receiving a first request message, where the first request message is used to request to establish a first session for a terminal, determining to establish the first session as an always-on session, where the always-on session is a session for which user-plane resources are activated when the terminal is transitioned from an idle mode to a connected mode, and sending a first response message to the terminal, where the first response message is used to indicate that the session management network element accepts to establish the first session, the first response message comprises first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the first session is an always-on session.

Abstract: This application provides a message transmission method and a communication apparatus. The method may be performed by a link load orchestration function instance or a chip in the link load orchestration function instance. The link load orchestration function instance is connected to a service-based instance through a service-based interface, and the link load orchestration function instance is connected to a non-service-based instance through a non-service-based interface.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a session processing method and apparatus. When a quantity of sessions of a terminal device that each have an activated user plane connection is not less than a quantity threshold, the terminal device determines to deactivate a user plane connection of at least one first session, where the sessions that each have the activated user plane connection include the at least one first session. The terminal device sends a first request message to a first network element, where the first request message includes indication information, and the indication information indicates to deactivate the user plane connection of the at least one first session.

Abstract: A wireless network communication method, a network device, and a terminal, where the method includes: An uncrewed aerial vehicle traffic management entity receives an authorization request. The uncrewed aerial vehicle traffic management entity sends an authorization response. The authorization request is used to request authorization to control an uncrewed aerial vehicle by a terminal, and the authorization response is used to indicate whether the terminal is allowed to control the uncrewed aerial vehicle. Alternatively, the authorization request is used to request authorization to pair a terminal with an uncrewed aerial vehicle controller, and the authorization response is used to indicate whether the terminal is allowed to be paired with the uncrewed aerial vehicle controller.

Abstract: This application discloses an abnormal offline state determining method and a related apparatus. The method includes: An access and mobility management function network element (AMF) obtains location information when an uncrewed aerial vehicle enters or leaves an offline state. If a location indicated by the location information is outside a target offline area, the AMF marks a state of the uncrewed aerial vehicle as an abnormal offline state. The AMF sends a state identifier of the abnormal offline state to an unmanned aircraft system traffic management network element (UTM). Therefore, the location information when the uncrewed aerial vehicle enters or leaves the offline state is used to determine whether the uncrewed aerial vehicle is in the abnormal offline state, so that accuracy of determining the abnormal offline state of the uncrewed aerial vehicle can be improved to some extent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a mobile communication method, apparatus, and device. The method includes: receiving, by user equipment UE, a non-access stratum NAS security mode command message from a mobility management entity MME, where the NAS security mode command message carries first verification matching information used to verify UE capability information received by the MME; determining, by the UE based on the first verification matching information, whether the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with UE capability information sent by the UE to the MME; and if the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with the UE capability information sent by the UE to the MME, sending, by the UE, a NAS security mode complete message to the MME.

Abstract: This application provides a network access method. The method includes: obtaining location information corresponding to a service subscribed to by a first terminal device; obtaining a location of the first terminal device; determining, based on the location of the first terminal device and the location information, that the first terminal device is located in an area indicated by the location information; and sending first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information indicates to access a hosting network, and the hosting network is used to provide the first terminal device with a connection for obtaining the service. According to the method, when it is determined that a terminal device is located in an area indicated by location information corresponding to a service, the terminal device is indicated to access a hosting network, so that the terminal device accesses the hosting network and obtains the service.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for rate control are provided. In one aspect, a rate control method includes: receiving, by a control device, a connection establishment request from a terminal, the connection establishment request being for establishing a connection for the terminal to transmit data, and sending, by the control device, rate control time management information to a data sending device. The data sending device is configured to perform rate control over the data sent through the connection based on the time management information. The ratio control time management information includes start time indication information of a rate control time unit used for rate control, and the start time indication information indicates a start time of the rate control time unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to example SMS processing methods in an Internet of Things, mobility management network elements, and terminal devices, to provide an SMS service for an Internet of Things terminal device. One example method includes receiving, by a mobility management network element in a packet switched (PS) domain, a non-combined registration request from a terminal device, where the non-combined registration request carries SMS only indication information. When determining that the mobility management network element in the PS domain cannot transfer an SMS for the terminal device through the PS domain, the mobility management network element in the PS domain sends a location update request to a mobility management network element in a circuit switched (CS) domain The location update request is used to implement registration of the terminal device with the CS domain.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a mobile communication method, apparatus, and device. The method includes: receiving, by user equipment UE, a non-access stratum NAS security mode command message from a mobility management entity MME, where the NAS security mode command message carries first verification matching information used to verify UE capability information received by the MIME; determining, by the UE based on the first verification matching information, whether the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with UE capability information sent by the UE to the MIME; and if the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with the UE capability information sent by the UE to the MME, sending, by the UE, a NAS security mode complete message to the MME.

Abstract: A security context update method and a communication apparatus are provided. The method is performed by a terminal, and includes: storing a security context of first access and a security context of second access when the first access of the terminal and the second access of the terminal enter a deregistered state. The first access is one of 3GPP access and non-3GPP access, the second access is the other of the 3GPP access and the non-3GPP access, and the first access and the second access are different. According to the method, when the terminal supports multiple records for multiple registration, storage occasions of NAS security contexts corresponding to the 3GPP access and the non-3GPP access are provided.

Abstract: A flexible strain sensor comprises a sensing area, a connection area, an encapsulation layer and a flexible substrate. The sensing area and the connection area are made of the same conductive material by adjusting size structures of different areas. The sensor is prepared by performing one-step printing of carbon black-silicone rubber composite conductive paste on a fabric substrate on the basis of a screen printing process. The method is simple and convenient to operate, is low in manufacturing cost and is suitable for large-scale production; and the prepared sensor has a high sensitivity (?10), a large strain range(˜100%), a low hysteresis quality and a good stability, and can be applied to the fields of human body motion detection, intelligent medical service, etc. The method for preparing a sensor in the present invention has important reference value for industrial production of a flexible strain sensor.

Abstract: The field of high-speed data acquisition and network data processing, and particularly relates to an Ethernet data stream recording method, an Ethernet data stream recording system, and an Ethernet data stream recording device for a high-speed data acquisition system. It is intended to solve problems such as a low utilization rate of CPU, poor system compatibility, difficulty in packaging and deployment and low reliability of system transmission of the traditional high-speed data acquisition system.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a mobile communication method, apparatus, and device. The method includes: receiving, by user equipment UE, a non-access stratum NAS security mode command message from a mobility management entity MME, where the NAS security mode command message carries first verification matching information used to verify UE capability information received by the MIME; determining, by the UE based on the first verification matching information, whether the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with UE capability information sent by the UE to the MIME; and if the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with the UE capability information sent by the UE to the MME, sending, by the UE, a NAS security mode complete message to the MME.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a terminal apparatus. The communication method includes: A terminal apparatus receives a trigger message, where the trigger message includes a notification information identifier. When the terminal apparatus does not store notification information corresponding to the notification information identifier, the terminal apparatus ignores the trigger message. In this method, when receiving a useless trigger message, the terminal apparatus does not perform processing, thereby reducing power consumption.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel, high salt concentration, sulfolane based electrolytes with a sulfone cosolvent(s), which are at their eutectic concentrations to lower the melting points of the electrolytes. The lower melting point electrolytes improve the low temperature performance of high voltage rechargeable batteries. The high salt concentration electrolytes improve the cycle performance of rechargeable lithium metal anode based batteries. The same electrolytes can operate above 4.3 V and up to 5.0 V vs. Li/Li+. Various cells containing said electrolytes are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Novel lithium alloy anodes compatible with non-aqueous ammonia based electrolytes are described therein. Said anodes are supporting higher voltage and permit the use of ammonia electrolyte with broad range of salt concentrations, which results in low cost, fast response time and high power density batteries over prior art. Various cathodes, separators and cell constructions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a mobile communication method, apparatus, and device. The method includes: receiving, by user equipment UE, a non-access stratum NAS security mode command message from a mobility management entity MME, where the NAS security mode command message carries first verification matching information used to verify UE capability information received by the MME; determining, by the UE based on the first verification matching information, whether the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with UE capability information sent by the UE to the MME; and if the UE capability information received by the MME is consistent with the UE capability information sent by the UE to the MME, sending, by the UE, a NAS security mode complete message to the MME.

Abstract: A method for processing a non-access stratum context is as follows: A terminal device sends a registration request message to a first public land mobile network PLMN. The terminal device receives a registration accept message from the first PLMN. When the terminal device deregisters from the first PLMN over a first access network, the terminal device stores, in a storage medium of the terminal device, a first PLMN identifier of the first PLMN and a first NAS security context established by the terminal device with the first PLMN. Embodiments of this application are used for a processing process of the non-access stratum context.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present disclosure is an FPGA implementation device and method for an FBLMS algorithm based on block floating point. The method includes: blocking, caching, and reassembling a reference signal, by an input caching and converting module, converting into a block floating point system and performing FFT; filtering, by a filtering module, in a frequency domain and performing dynamic truncation; caching, by an error calculating and output caching module, a target signal on a block basis, converting into a block floating point system, subtracting an output result output from the filtering module from the converted target signal to obtain an error signal, converting the error signal into a fixed point system to obtain a final cancellation result; obtaining, by a weight adjustment amount calculating module and a weight updating and storing module, an adjustment amount of a frequency domain block weight and updating the frequency domain block weight.