Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for generating a pace-mapping prediction model. Techniques are provided that utilize a training dataset associated with biometrics of patients' hearts, including electrophysiological data associated with cardiac arrhythmia, pace-mapping datasets, and correlation data measuring the degree of correlation between the pace-mapping datasets and the electrophysiological data. Based on the training dataset, the pace-mapping prediction model is trained to predict a degree of correlation between a patient's electrophysiological data and a pace-mapping dataset. Based on the predicted degree of correlation, a cardiac location in the heart of a patient is predicted as the location for the next pace-mapping. Further systems and methods are disclosed for generating a pacing maneuver prediction model. The pacing maneuver prediction model is trained to predict interval measurement based on a pacing maneuver obtained during cardiac pace-mapping.

Abstract: A system that includes a memory and a processor is provided. The memory stores processor executable program instructions of a mapping engine. The processor executes the program instructions of the mapping engine to cause the system to receive information with respect to initiating a medical procedure for a patient. The information includes health demographics and biometric data of the patient. The processor executes the program instructions of the mapping engine to also cause the system to predict workflow preferences for users performing the medical procedure from the information by employing a model of the mapping engine and to generate, using the workflow preferences, image display options to the users for presentation by the system.

Abstract: A method is provided. The method includes pacing, by electrodes of a catheter, a heart tissue with pulses. The method includes observing, by the electrodes, a period of electrophysiological repolarization for the heart tissue. The period of electrophysiological repolarization is caused by the pacing. The method also includes measuring, by the electrodes, an electrical signal within the heart tissue after the period of electrophysiological repolarization.

Abstract: A medical tool testing apparatus comprising a vessel. The vessel comprises a scaffold formed from biomaterial, live cardiac tissue, generated from cardiac cells, proliferating on the scaffold, the live cardiac tissue configured to generate electrical activity. The vessel also comprises a medical tool, in contact with live cardiac tissue, used for a medical procedure within patient anatomy. Operational features of the medical tool are determined by a visually perceptible condition of the live cardiac tissue.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of aiding a physician in locating an area to perform an ablation on patients with atrial fibrillation (AFIB) includes receiving data at a machine, from at least one device, the data including information relating to a desired location for performing an ablation, generating, by the machine, an optimal location for performing the ablation based upon the data and inputs, and providing an optimal set of ablation parameters for performing the ablation at the location output by the model, or at a location specified by the physician.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a mapping annotation for an electrophysiological (EP) mapping system. The system includes a processor comprising a machine learning algorithm configured to receive a first heartbeat at an identified cardiac spatial location including a first set of attributes information corresponding to the first heartbeat; receive a second heartbeat at the identified cardiac spatial location including a second set of attributes information corresponding to the second heartbeat; compare the first set of attributes information with the second set of attributes information; and determine which of the first heartbeat and the second heartbeat has optimal characteristics based on the compared attribute information.

Abstract: A method is provided. The method is implemented by a detection engine embodied in processor executable code stored on a memory and executed by at least one processor. The method includes modeling a vector velocity field that measures and quantifies a velocity of electrocardiogram data signals that pass through a local activation time. The method further includes determining codes for each point in plane to provide a color code vector field image; detecting focal and rotor indications by using kernels to scan the color coded vector field image; and classifying the focal and rotor indications into perpetuators.

Abstract: A system and method for training a neural network to automatically detect a cardiac structure of interest including a processor comprising a neural network training model that receives training data. The training data comprises a first input comprising first electrophysiological data regarding a first cardiac structure received by an electrode of a first catheter positioned within a heart, and a second input comprising a second data relating to the first cardiac structure. The neural network training model generates, as an output, a determination of whether the first cardiac structure is the cardiac structure of interest based on the training data.

Abstract: A method, including receiving a bipolar signal from a pair of electrodes in proximity to a myocardium of a human subject, and receiving a unipolar signal from a selected one of the pair of electrodes. The method further includes delineating a window of interest (WOI) for the unipolar and bipolar signals, within the WOI computing local unipolar minimum derivatives of the unipolar signal, and times of occurrence of the local unipolar minimum derivatives, and within the WOI computing bipolar derivatives of the bipolar signal at the times of occurrence. The method also includes evaluating ratios of the bipolar derivatives to the local unipolar minimum derivatives, and when the ratios are greater than a preset threshold ratio value, assigning the times of occurrence as times of activation of the myocardium, counting a number of the times of activation; and classifying the unipolar signal according to the number.

Abstract: A method includes storing an anatomical map of at least a portion of a surface of a heart. Respective electrogram (EGM) signal amplitudes measured at respective positions on the surface of the heart are stored. Based on the on the EGM signal amplitudes, defined are: one or more first regions of the surface in which the EGM signal amplitudes are fractionated, and one or more second regions of the surface in which the EGM signal amplitudes are non-fractionated. A first surface representation is generated for the fractionated EGM signal amplitudes in the first regions. Propagation times are extracted from the non-fractionated EGM signal amplitudes in the second regions, and a second surface representation of the propagation times is derived. The first and second surface representations of the respective first and second regions of the surface are simultaneously presented, overlaid on the anatomical map.

Abstract: A method includes storing an anatomical map of at least a portion of a surface of a heart. Respective electrogram (EGM) signal amplitudes measured at respective positions on the surface of the heart are stored. Based on the on the EGM signal amplitudes, defined are: one or more first regions of the surface in which the EGM signal amplitudes are fractionated, and one or more second regions of the surface in which the EGM signal amplitudes are non-fractionated. A first surface representation is generated for the fractionated EGM signal amplitudes in the first regions. Propagation times are extracted from the non-fractionated EGM signal amplitudes in the second regions, and a second surface representation of the propagation times is derived. The first and second surface representations of the respective first and second regions of the surface are simultaneously presented, overlaid on the anatomical map.

Abstract: A method, including receiving a unipolar ECG signal from the location in the heart from a selected one electrode of a pair of electrodes, computing a local unipolar minimum derivative of the unipolar signal at a plurality of times of occurrences of the local unipolar minimum derivative, identifying candidate time of occurrences of the plurality of times of occurrences of the local unipolar minimum derivative as candidate annotations of the time of activation of the myocardium, extracting features for each of the candidate annotations, assigning a confidence level based on a feature value for each of the candidate annotations, eliminating candidate annotations that have a confidence level below a threshold and generating a local activation time map using the remaining candidate annotations.

Abstract: A probe having a temperature sensor on its distal portion is introduced into a fluid-filled body cavity of a subject, and an irrigating fluid passed through the probe. The temperature of the irrigating fluid exiting the probe differs from the temperature of the body cavity. Temperature readings of the irrigating fluid exiting the probe are recorded. A determination is made from the temperature readings that predetermined contact criteria between the probe and the interior wall of the body cavity are satisfied.

Abstract: A method, including receiving a bipolar ECG signal from a location in the heart from the pair of electrodes, receiving a unipolar ECG signal from the location in the heart from a selected one electrode of the pair of electrodes, computing a local unipolar minimum derivative of the unipolar signal at a plurality of times of occurrences of the local unipolar minimum derivative, computing a bipolar derivative of the bipolar signal, evaluating a ratio of the bipolar derivative to the local unipolar minimum derivative at the plurality of times of occurrences of the local unipolar minimum derivative, annotating each time of occurrence as a time of activation of the myocardium at the location in the heart when the ratio is greater than a preset threshold value, merging two annotations that arise from a single occurrence as a single annotation, evaluating features of the annotations and assigning a confidence level to each feature, eliminating annotations that have a confidence level below a threshold and generating

Abstract: A method, including receiving a bipolar signal from a pair of electrodes in proximity to a myocardium of a human subject, and receiving a unipolar signal from a selected one of the pair of electrodes. The method further includes delineating a window of interest (WOI) for the unipolar and bipolar signals, within the WOI computing local unipolar minimum derivatives of the unipolar signal, and times of occurrence of the local unipolar minimum derivatives, and within the WOI computing bipolar derivatives of the bipolar signal at the times of occurrence. The method also includes evaluating ratios of the bipolar derivatives to the local unipolar minimum derivatives, and when the ratios are greater than a preset threshold ratio value, assigning the times of occurrence as times of activation of the myocardium, counting a number of the times of activation; and classifying the unipolar signal according to the number.

Abstract: A system including a means for estimating the residual noise level in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is disclosed. The disclosed system and methods may be used in an electrocardiograph devices. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of electrodes positioned in proximity to a cardiac structure may measure an electrical signal of the cardiac structure to produce the ECG signal. The system may segment the ECG signal into a plurality of segments. For each of the plurality of segments, the linear trend energy and/or direct current (DC) energy may be removed from the segment, and the estimated noise energy of the segment may be calculated. A subset of the plurality of segments with a minimum estimated noise energy may be selected. The residual noise energy of the ECG signal may be estimated by calculating an average of the estimated noise energy over the subset of segments.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a bipolar signal sensed by a pair of electrodes at a location in a heart of a patient. A unipolar signal is received, which is sensed by an electrode at the location in the heart. A derivative of the received bipolar signal is computed. A derivative of the received unipolar signal is computed. A ratio is evaluated, between the derivative of the bipolar signal and the derivative of the unipolar signal at local minima of the derivative of the unipolar signal. When the ratio is smaller than a preset threshold ratio value, an occurrence of ventricular activity is indicated.

Abstract: Described embodiments include an apparatus, including a display and a processor. The processor is configured to navigate a catheter to a particular location within a body of a subject, using each one of a plurality of electrodes coupled to the body of the subject. The processor is further configured to identify, subsequently, from a signal that represents an impedance between a given pair of the electrodes, that a phrenic nerve of the subject was stimulated by a pacing current passed from the catheter into tissue of the subject at the particular location, and to generate an output on the display, in response to the identifying. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: An electrophysiology catheter with a distal electrode assembly having covered spine carrying a plurality of microelectrodes. The position of the microelectrodes on each spine is staggered relative to microelectrodes on adjacent spines so as to minimize the risk of electrodes on adjacent spines touching each other during use of the catheter. The staggered electrode configuration provides the distal electrode assembly with a greater effective contact surface because the effective concentric electrode arrays is increased or at least doubled.

Abstract: An electrophysiology catheter with a distal electrode assembly having covered spine carrying a plurality of microelectrodes. The position of the microelectrodes on each spine is staggered relative to microelectrodes on adjacent spines so as to minimize the risk of electrodes on adjacent spines touching each other during use of the catheter. The staggered electrode configuration provides the distal electrode assembly with a greater effective contact surface because the effective concentric electrode arrays is increased or at least doubled.