Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a multiplane suggested orientation by tracking a target are described. These include a catheter for performing medical electrophysiology, and a graphical user interface (GUI) for monitoring the catheter. The GUI is used to maintain the target in a display during medical electrophysiology. The catheter and GUI operate in combination to display a tilt angle to follow the target in the display, receiving a rotation angle of a current plane of a view of the device, receiving a point of interest related to the target, calculating a new plane using a vector in an axis after rotation and a vector from a center point of the device to the target, and calculating the angles between the rotation angle and an angle of the new plane to maintain inclusion of the target in the display.

Abstract: A system for visualization of pulsed field ablation tags comprises a device. The device comprises a processor in communication with one or more sensors and a catheter comprising a plurality of electrodes. The processor is configured to receive, via the one or more sensors, a position of each of the plurality of electrodes within a three-dimensional environment during a first ablation session. The processor is configured to calculate, for the first ablation session, a first implicit function representing an energy field of the first ablation session from the received positions of each of the plurality of electrodes. The first implicit function is calculated via a signed distance function based on positions of a pair of adjacent electrodes of the plurality of electrodes during the first ablation session. The processor is configured to present, via a display, a first volumetric representation of the calculated first implicit function.

Abstract: A method for generating a skeleton in an image of a cavity of an organ of a body includes receiving a map of the cavity, the map including surface voxels and interior voxels. A subset of the interior voxels is generated, of candidate locations to be on the skeleton. The subset is pruned by removing outlier candidate locations. Using a geometrical model including a statistical model, the candidate locations remaining in the pruned subset are spatially compressed. The compressed candidate locations are connected to produce one or more centerlines of the skeleton. At least the skeleton is displayed to user.

Abstract: A method includes receiving an anatomical map of wall tissue of at least a portion of a cardiac chamber, the map superimposed with ablation tags. A nonconductive zone is defined around each ablation tag for at least some of the ablation tags, to calculate block areas. A starting point and an ending point markings on the map of a potential conduction flow are received from a suer. Using a search algorithm, one or more possible conduction flow paths are searched for, from the starting point to the ending point, the one or more existing paths taking into consideration the block areas. One or more flow paths found by the search algorithm are overlayed on the anatomical map. The overlayed anatomical map is presented to a user.

Abstract: A method for generating a skeleton in an image of a cavity of an organ of a body includes receiving a map of the cavity, the map including surface voxels and interior voxels. A subset of the interior voxels is generated, of candidate locations to be on the skeleton. The subset is pruned by removing outlier candidate locations. Using a geometrical model including a statistical model, the candidate locations remaining in the pruned subset are spatially compressed. The compressed candidate locations are connected to produce one or more centerlines of the skeleton. At least the skeleton is displayed to user.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for visualization of pulsed field ablation tags. In some implementations, a system includes a device, comprising a processor in communication with one or more sensors and a catheter comprising a plurality of electrodes. In some implementations, the processor is configured to: receive, via the one or more sensors, a position of each of the plurality of electrodes within a three-dimensional environment during a first ablation session; calculate, for the first ablation session, a first implicit function representing an energy field of the first ablation session from the received positions of each of the plurality of electrodes; and present, via a display, a first volumetric representation of the calculated first implicit function.

Abstract: Medical systems and methods are provided in which a processor receives the 3D ultrasound images and receives position signals from a position tracking device, indicating the position of a corresponding probe relative to the 3D ultrasound images. Based on the probe position, a region of interest is selected that contains the position the medical probe within the 3D ultrasound images, and the selected region of interest is rendered to a display together with a representation of the medical probe superimposed on the region of interest.

Abstract: A method includes assigning, to first voxels in a model of tissue of a chamber of a heart, respective first values of a parameter at respective locations on the tissue, the first voxels representing the locations, respectively. Some of the locations are on an endocardial surface of the tissue, and others of the locations are on an epicardial surface of the tissue. The method further includes assigning respective second values to second voxels in the model, a subset of which represent a portion of the tissue between the endocardial surface and the epicardial surface, by interpolating the first values. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Medical systems and methods are provided in which a processor receives the 3D ultrasound images and receives position signals from a position tracking device, indicating the position of a corresponding probe relative to the 3D ultrasound images. Based on the probe position, a region of interest is selected that contains the position the medical probe within the 3D ultrasound images, and the selected region of interest is rendered to a display together with a representation of the medical probe superimposed on the region of interest.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a multiplane suggested orientation by tracking a target are described. These include a catheter for performing medical electrophysiology, and a graphical user interface (GUI) for monitoring the catheter. The GUI is used to maintain the target in a display during medical electrophysiology. The catheter and GUI operate in combination to display a tilt angle to follow the target in the display, receiving a rotation angle of a current plane of a view of the device, receiving a point of interest related to the target, calculating a new plane using a vector in an axis after rotation and a vector from a center point of the device to the target, and calculating the angles between the rotation angle and an angle of the new plane to maintain inclusion of the target in the display.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for medical procedures include receiving a first ultrasound slice from an ultrasound transducer, the first ultrasound slice corresponding to a first ultrasound position. A second ultrasound slice is received from the ultrasound transducer, the second ultrasound slice corresponding to a second ultrasound position. The first ultrasound slice and the second ultrasound slice are stored in memory. A first catheter position of a catheter is received. The first catheter position is determined to correspond to the first ultrasound position and the first ultrasound slice is provided based on the determination. The determination that the first catheter position corresponds to the first ultrasound position may be made based on locations, orientations, or may be based on the number of voxels that overlap between the first catheter position and ultrasound positions.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining an electroanatomical map, which maps a portion of a heart while the heart experiences an arrhythmia, obtaining a sequence of images of the heart acquired by an ultrasonic probe, the sequence including one or more arrhythmic images acquired while the heart experiences the arrhythmia and one or more rhythmic images acquired while the heart is in sinus rhythm, the ultrasonic probe including a sensor that outputs, during the acquisition of the sequence of images, a signal indicating a location and an orientation of the probe in a coordinate system of the electroanatomical map, based on the signal, identifying, in one of the arrhythmic images, an anatomical portion represented by a particular portion of the electroanatomical map, by tracking the anatomical portion through the sequence of images, identifying the anatomical portion in at least one of the rhythmic images, and displaying an output in response thereto.

Abstract: A medical system includes utility and ultrasound probes, and a processor. The probes are configured for operation inside an organ. The utility probe includes a distal end effector and a first sensor configured to output first signals indicative of first positions of the distal end effector. The ultrasound probe includes ultrasound transducer array configured to image volume comprising portion of the distal end effector inside the organ, and a second sensor configured to output second signals indicative of second positions of the ultrasound transducer array. The processor is configured to, using the imaged volume, and the first and second positions, select slices of the imaged volume that comprise at least part of distal end effector in spatial relation with the organ, generate from selected slices a biplane view and/or a triplane view of the part of the distal end effector, and present the biplane view and/or triplane view to user.

Abstract: A system for use with a balloon disposed at a distal end of an intrabody probe includes an output device, configured to produce an output indicating whether the balloon is elongated, and a processor. The processor is configured to calculate, based on respective locations of multiple elements disposed on a surface of the balloon, multiple values, over an interval, of a parameter indicative of a radius of the balloon. The processor is further configured to modify a state of the output based on at least one of the values. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A method for producing an image of a body tissue surface. The method includes transforming a source 3-D model of the body tissue surface into a flattened model comprising details of the body tissue surface represented visually on an unwrapped and flattened surface, wherein the flattened model represents transformed positions of the source 3-D model of the body tissue surface defined between a first edge and a second edge. The first edge is formed about a lumen defined by the body tissue surface, and the body tissue surface projects about the lumen to the second edge. The method further includes producing an image from the flattened model.

Abstract: A system includes a processor and a display. The processor is configured to: (i) receive a first dataset corresponding to a first property of an organ of a patient, and a second dataset corresponding to a second property of the organ, (ii) assign a first visual attribute to the first property and a second visual attribute to the second property, and (iii) produce a map of the organ including an overlay of the first and second visual attributes. The display is configured to display the map.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for visualization of pulsed field ablation tags. In some implementations, a system includes a device, comprising a processor in communication with one or more sensors and a catheter comprising a plurality of electrodes. In some implementations, the processor is configured to: receive, via the one or more sensors, a position of each of the plurality of electrodes within a three-dimensional environment during a first ablation session; calculate, for the first ablation session, a first implicit function representing an energy field of the first ablation session from the received positions of each of the plurality of electrodes; and present, via a display, a first volumetric representation of the calculated first implicit function.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for visualization of pulsed field ablation tags. In some implementations, a system includes a device, comprising a processor in communication with one or more sensors and a catheter comprising a plurality of electrodes. In some implementations, the processor is configured to: receive, via the one or more sensors, a position of each of the plurality of electrodes within a three-dimensional environment during a first ablation session; calculate, for the first ablation session, a first implicit function representing an energy field of the first ablation session from the received positions of each of the plurality of electrodes; and present, via a display, a first volumetric representation of the calculated first implicit function.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for acquiring the volume of a catheter are disclosed. The system may comprise a catheter and a processor. The processor may be configured to receive a voxel grid comprising a plurality of voxels and a plurality three-dimensional coordinates of a location of a catheter. The processor may render the catheter on a display using the three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the catheter rendering comprises a plurality of shaded pixels. The processor may identify coordinates of one or more voxels of the voxel grid which overlap with at least one shaded pixel and mark the voxels of the voxel grid which overlap with at least one shaded pixel. As such, a voxel trail may be created wherever a catheter moves. The voxel trail may be used to define an internal volume within which the catheter is positioned, such as a chamber of a heart, blood vessel, or valve.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining an electroanatomical map, which maps a portion of a heart while the heart experiences an arrhythmia, obtaining a sequence of images of the heart acquired by an ultrasonic probe, the sequence including one or more arrhythmic images acquired while the heart experiences the arrhythmia and one or more rhythmic images acquired while the heart is in sinus rhythm, the ultrasonic probe including a sensor that outputs, during the acquisition of the sequence of images, a signal indicating a location and an orientation of the probe in a coordinate system of the electroanatomical map, based on the signal, identifying, in one of the arrhythmic images, an anatomical portion represented by a particular portion of the electroanatomical map, by tracking the anatomical portion through the sequence of images, identifying the anatomical portion in at least one of the rhythmic images, and displaying an output in response thereto.