Abstract: A method for calibrating a model of a subterranean formation includes capturing one or more measurements at a surface of a wellbore that extends into a subterranean formation. The measurements include a surface torque (STOR) on a drill string that extends into the wellbore and a surface weight (SWOB) on the drill string. The method also includes determining a friction factor based upon the STOR when a drill bit is off-bottom in the wellbore. The drill bit is coupled to a lower end of the drill string. The method also includes determining a downhole torque on the drill bit (DTOR) and a downhole weight on the drill bit (DWOB) when the drill bit is on-bottom in the wellbore. The method also includes identifying a rock type in the subterranean formation based at least partially upon the friction factor, the DTOR, and the DWOB.

Abstract: The invention provides an etching method of a semiconductor structure, which comprises providing a substrate with a gate structure, an oxide layer and a first nitride layer beside the gate structure, and performing an etching step to remove the first nitride layer and keep the oxide layer, wherein in the etching step, the etching selectivity ratio of the etched nitride material to the etched oxide material is greater than 300.

Abstract: An interdental brush with a replaceable brush body with a core and a manufacturing method thereof are provided, and relate to the technical field of tooth cleaning tools. The interdental brush includes a handle, a screw cap, a fixing block and a brush body. One end of the handle is provided with an external thread, an interior of the screw cap is provided with an internal thread mating with the external thread of the one end of the handle. One end of the fixing block abuts against the handle, and an other end extends out of the screw cap. The brush body includes a core and bristles, the core is twisted by an amorphous alloy wire, one end of the core is clamped in the fixing block, and a periphery of an other end is connected to the bristles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a first device and a second device disposed adjacent to the first device; a conductive pillar disposed adjacent to the first device or the second device; a molding surrounding the first device, the second device and the conductive pillar; and a redistribution layer (RDL) over the first device, the second device, the molding and the conductive pillar, wherein the RDL electrically connects the first device to the second device and includes an opening penetrating the RDL and exposing a sensing area over the first device.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques, including devices and system implementing the techniques, to provide feedback to a user of an event when the user is wearing a wearable device. For example, the wearable device may provide high quality noise canceling audio playback to the user, lowering the user's situation awareness. The techniques include measuring ambient sound using two or more microphones on the wearable device. The measured ambient sound is used to determine a related event worth relaying to the user. Based on the location attribute and sound properties, the nature and/or classification of the event may be ascertained using pattern recognition algorithms according to user threshold settings. Insignificant events that the user prefers to ignore will be ruled out by the algorithm. Upon determining the event that merits the user's attention, the wearable device provides feedback to the user indicating the nature and location of the event.

Abstract: An electric power tool includes a motor, a lifter, a firing pin, an electromagnet, a driving circuit, a latch, and a controller. The lifter is driven by the motor to drive the firing pin to perform a firing action. The driving circuit provides electric current to excite the electromagnet. The latch is moved by the electromagnet from a blocking position where the latch blocks the firing pin to move in a firing direction to a non-blocking position where the latch does not block the firing pin when the electromagnet is in an excited state. The controller, during an excitement period, controls the driving circuit to provide constant current for a first time period to excite the electromagnet to the excited state, and provide pulsating current for a second time period to keep the electromagnet in the excited state.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer program product for automatically mitigating vulnerabilities in a source code are provided. The method includes the following steps. First, a path graph is built according to the source code, where the path graph includes at least one path, and each of the at least one path includes multiple nodes. A tainted path is identified from the path graph, where the tainted path corresponds to at least one vulnerability. Multiple candidate nodes are located from the tainted path based on an existence of a tainted object. A confidence score of a first instant-fix call respectively corresponds to each of the candidate nodes is determined, and a candidate node having a maximum confidence score among the candidate nodes is set as a target node. The at least one vulnerability in the target node is mitigated automatically by applying the first instant-fix call.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for securely accessing a wallet on a blockchain. An example method generally includes receiving a request to access a wallet on a blockchain. The request generally includes an authorization code associated with the wallet and user credentials associated with an owner of the wallet. A first portion of a private key is decrypted based on the authorization code and a salt associated with the user credentials, and a second portion of the private key is decrypted based on credentials associated with an application through which the wallet is accessed. Access to the wallet is granted based on the decrypted first portion and the decrypted second portion of the private key.

Abstract: A system obtains a first training data set comprising labeled speech data or both labeled and unlabeled data corresponding to a high-resource data set as well as latent speech representations based on the first training data set. The system trains a machine learning model on the first training data set to learn phonetically aware speech representations corresponding to the first training data set. The system applies the latent speech representations to a transformer context network to generate contextual representations. The system aligns each of the contextual representations with a phoneme label to generate phonetically-aware contextual representations. The system causes a refinement engine to further refine the machine learning model.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a lactose-free dairy product containing galactooligosaccharides, comprising a step of using ordinary lactase and ?-galactosidase with transgalactosylation activity, wherein the ordinary lactase decomposes lactose in a dairy product starting material to galactose and glucose; wherein the ?-galactosidase with transgalactosylation activity decomposes lactose in the dairy product starting material to galactose and glucose, and transfers galactose obtained through decomposition onto a hydroxyl group of lactose in the dairy product starting material to achieve conversion to galactooligosaccharides, and optionally, conversion to higher-order galactooligosaccharides; and wherein the galactose obtained through decomposition comprises: 1) galactose obtained by decomposition of lactose by the ordinary lactase; and/or 2) galactose obtained by decomposition of lactose by the ?-galactosidase with transgalactosylation activity.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) chip includes a substrate and an epitaxial structure. The epitaxial structure includes a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer that are sequentially disposed on the substrate in such order. The second semiconductor layer has a light-emitting surface that is opposite to the active layer and that is formed with a microstructure. The microstructure includes a plurality of first protrusions that are separately disposed on the light-emitting surface, and a plurality of second protrusions that are disposed on the first protrusions and on the light-emitting surface between any two adjacent ones of the first protrusions.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a device includes: a sensor die having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, the sensor die having an input/output region and a first sensing region at the first surface; an encapsulant at least laterally encapsulating the sensor die; a conductive via extending through the encapsulant; and a front-side redistribution structure on the first surface of the sensor die, the front-side redistribution structure being connected to the conductive via and the sensor die, the front-side redistribution structure covering the input/output region of the sensor die, the front-side redistribution structure having a first opening exposing the first sensing region of the sensor die.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices for PFAS destruction including oxidatively pretreating an aqueous foam fractionate solution including PFAS to form a pretreated solution by mixing the aqueous foam fractionate solution with a persulfate and an acid or a base to increase or decrease the pH and oxidizing the aqueous foam fractionate solution and then subjecting the pretreated solution to UV photolysis, such as by directing UV light onto the pretreated aqueous foam fractionate solution at 222 nm, 254 nm and/or 185 nm. Oxidizing the foam fraction may include subjecting the aqueous foam fractionate solution to an increased temperature and pressure for a period of time sufficient for thermal oxidation or subjecting the aqueous foam fractionate solution to ozone oxidation.

Abstract: A deep learning-based digital holographic continuous phase noise reduction method for microstructure measurement is provided. A MEMS microstructure is simulated to generate an object phase image through generation of random matrix superposition, noise in a digital holographic continuous phase map is simultaneously simulated to generate a noise grayscale image, and a simulation data set is thus created. An end-to-end convolutional neural network is designed, and a trained convolutional neural network is trained and obtained. A holographic interference pattern of an object under measurement is collected by photographing, and after spectrum extraction, angular spectrum diffraction, phase unwrapping, and distortion compensation, a continuous phase map containing only the object phase and noise is obtained and input into the trained convolutional neural network to obtain an object phase map.

Abstract: In a digital holographic wrapped phase aberration compensation method based on deep learning, a random Zernike polynomial coefficient and a corresponding wrapped phase map are generated by a computer and are respectively treated as a learning label and a network to train a neural network model. A digital holographic optical setup is built to record a hologram of a sample to be measured, the wrapped phase map is inputted into the trained neural network model after numerical reconstruction, and the Zernike polynomial coefficient is outputted to reconstruct a phase aberration distribution and to compensate complex amplitude in a spatial domain. Phase filtering and unwrapping are performed on the compensated wrapped phase map, and Zernike polynomial fitting based on background segmentation is performed on the unwrapped phase to compensate for residual aberration.

Abstract: A superhydrophobic hemispherical array which can realize droplet pancake bouncing phenomenon is provided. The superhydrophobic hemispherical array shows an arc-shape structure which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, where a is the angle that substrate-gas interface goes across the gas and reaches substrate-hemisphere interface, d refers to the diameter of the contact area between hemispherical structure and substrate, s represents the space between two adjoining hemispheres, h denotes the vertical height from the top of hemisphere to substrate surface, and 70°?a?90°, 900 ?m?d ?1700 ?m, s?550 ?m, 600 ?m?h?1100 ?m, respectively. The superhydrophobic hemispherical array has a water contact angle larger than 150° and roll-off angle lower than 10°.

Abstract: A thermal extrusion method to fabricate large-dimension superhydrophobic cylinder pillar arrays with droplet pancake bouncing phenomenon. Preparing thermal extrusion mold: the through-hole arrays with 0.8˜1.25 mm diameter, 0.25 mm interval space and 0.6˜1.0 mm height are first obtained on metals, and are then polished, rinsed and dried. Thermal extrusion: polymer materials are first thermally extruded on the obtained mold and cooled to room temperature. Demold: excess polymer materials flowing from the through hole are cut off and then the polymer cylinder pillar arrays are lifted off from the mold. Superhydrophobic treatment: the whole polymer sample is treated using mixed liquid spray consisting of titanium oxide nanoparticles dispersed in fluoroalkylsilane ethanol solution, and the superhydrophobic cylinder pillar arrays are obtained.

Abstract: A superhydrophobic hemispherical array which can realize droplet pancake bouncing phenomenon is provided. The superhydrophobic hemispherical array shows an arc-shape structure which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, where a is the angle that substrate-gas interface goes across the gas and reaches substrate-hemisphere interface, d refers to the diameter of the contact area between hemispherical structure and substrate, s represents the space between two adjoining hemispheres, h denotes the vertical height from the top of hemisphere to substrate surface, and 70°?a?90°, 900 ?m?d ?1700 ?m, s?550 ?m, 600 ?m?h?1100 ?m, respectively. The superhydrophobic hemispherical array has a water contact angle larger than 150° and roll-off angle lower than 10°.