Abstract: One example discloses a wireless Access Point (AP) device, within a wireless local area network (WLAN), including: a controller configured to generate a reserve slot time trigger frame to a selected set of wireless devices; wherein the controller is configured to be coupled to an antenna; wherein the antenna is configured to transmit the reserve slot time trigger frame over a physical media to the selected set of user station devices (STAs) and exchange traffic with the selected set of STAs over the physical media; wherein the reserve slot time trigger frame is configured to reserve a slot time on the physical media; and wherein the controller is configured to transmit a burst of downlink (DL) traffic from the AP device during the slot time.

Abstract: A first communication device determines, based on information included in a first packet received from a second communication device, i) an overall frequency bandwidth of an operating channel of a WLAN and ii) one or more punctured sub-channels for the operating channel. The first communication device transmits, via a plurality sub-channels included in the operating channel of the WLAN, the plurality of sub-channels not including any of the one or more punctured sub-channels, a second packet that includes an RTS frame to initiate a TXOP of the first communication device. The first communication device receives, via a subset of the plurality of sub-channels, a third packet that includes a CTS frame, determines that the subset of sub-channels is reserved for the transmit opportunity TXOP initiated by the first communication device, and transmit a fourth packet to the second communication device during the TXOP via the subset of sub-channels.

Abstract: A communication device maintains a first backoff counter that corresponds to a first channel segment, and a second backoff counter that corresponds to a second channel segment. The communication device determines whether the communication device is permitted to transmit via the first channel segment simultaneously with receiving via the second channel segment. In response to determining that the communication device is not permitted to transmit via the first channel segment simultaneously with receiving via the second channel segment, the communication device suspends the second backoff counter when transmitting via the first channel segment. In response to determining that the communication device is permitted to transmit via the first channel segment simultaneously with receiving via the second channel segment, the communication device counts the second backoff counter while transmitting via the first channel segment.

Abstract: A device, a system, and a method for multi-link operations are disclosed. In an embodiment, the device includes a processor configured to generate a frame that includes a Traffic Indication Map (TIM) element, where the TIM element includes a group-addressed buffered frame indication for reported Access Points (APs) that indicates a transmitted Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) AP and non-transmitted BSSID APs affiliated with the reported APs, and exchange buffered frames according to the TIM element.

Abstract: A communication device generates a first packet to include a first indication of one or more first frequency subchannels in a first frequency segment that will be utilized to transmit the first packet. The communication device also generates a second packet to include a second indication of one or more second frequency subchannels in a second frequency segment that will be utilized to transmit the second packet. The communication device simultaneously transmits the first packet via the first frequency segment and the second packet via the second frequency segment.

Abstract: A first communication device transmits an NDP to a second communication device simultaneously with transmission of one or more other NDPs by the one or more third communication devices. Then, the first communication device receives a data unit that includes respective beamforming feedback data units for respective ones of the second communication device and the one or more third communication devices. The beamforming feedback data units include an aggregate media access control protocol data unit (A-MPDU) that includes a plurality of fragments of beamforming training information for the first communication device. The beamforming training information in the A-MPDU is generated by the second communication device based on the set of one or more training signals included in the NDP transmitted by the first communication device.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and apparatus for communications are disclosed. In an embodiment, a communications device includes a controller configured to generate a protected control frame and a transceiver configured to transmit the protected control frame to a second communications device. The protected control frame includes a protected trigger frame, a protected block acknowledgement (BA) frame, or a protected block acknowledgement request (BAR) frame.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and apparatus for communications are disclosed. In an embodiment, a communications device includes a controller configured to generate a beacon frame based on Multiple Basic Service Set Identifier (MBSSID) support information and a wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly transmit the beacon frame to a second communications device.

Abstract: One example discloses a wireless Access Point (AP) device, configured to operate within a wireless local area network (WLAN), including: a controller configured to generate a reserve slot time trigger frame and a request to transmit trigger frame; wherein the controller is configured to be coupled to an antenna; wherein the antenna is configured to transmit the trigger frames over a physical media to a set of user station devices (STAs) and exchange traffic with the set of STAs over the physical media; wherein the reserve slot time trigger frame is configured to reserve a slot time on the physical media; and wherein the request to transmit trigger frame is configured to command a first STA from the set of STAs to transmit data buffered in the first STA to the AP device.

Abstract: A communication device associated with a physical access point (AP) receives a physical layer (PHY) data unit having a PHY preamble, which includes a basic service set (BSS) color identifier. The communication device performs a clear channel assessment (CCA) procedure to determine whether the communication device can perform a spatial reuse transmission during reception of the PHY data unit, including: determining whether the BSS color identifier is a color value corresponding to all of multiple virtual APs implemented by the physical AP, and selectively determining whether the communication device can perform the spatial reuse transmission during reception of the PHY data unit as a function of the determination of whether the BSS color identifier is the color value corresponding to all of the multiple virtual APs implemented by the physical AP.

Abstract: A client station receives a first data unit from an access point (AP) of a wireless local area network (WLAN). The first data unit includes a first WLAN management frame having an indication that the AP is operating in a plurality of frequency segments. The first WLAN management frame includes respective MAC addresses utilized by the AP for operation in the respective frequency segments. Responsive to receiving the first WLAN management frame, the client station generates a second WLAN management frame. The second WLAN management frame includes, for each of multiple frequency segments among the plurality of frequency segments, respective operation information indicating respective operation parameters of the client station for the respective frequency segment. The client station transmits a second data unit having the second WLAN management frame in connection with establishing communication with the AP using the multiple frequency segments.

Abstract: A first communication device for communicating in a wireless local area network (WLAN) includes a WLAN network interface device and a wakeup radio (WUR) coupled to the WLAN network interface device. The WLAN network interface device is configured to receive, from a second communication device, a WLAN packet that includes a WUR identifier for a third communication device. The WUR of the first communication device is configured to receive a WUR packet that includes the WUR identifier. At least one of the WLAN network interface and the WUR are further configured to use the WUR packet to determine whether to change a WLAN association from the second communication device to the third communication device.

Abstract: An access point (AP) allocates a broadcast resource unit (RU), and ii) one or more other RUs for a multi-user physical layer protocol data unit (MU PPDU). The AP generates the MU PPDU to include i) a physical layer (PHY) preamble, and ii) a management medium access control layer (MAC) frame in the broadcast RU. When the AP device is allowing unassociated stations to associate with the AP device, the AP device sets a station identifier in the PHY preamble corresponding to the broadcast RU to a first value that indicates the AP device is allowing unassociated stations to associate with the AP device. When the AP device is not allowing unassociated stations to associate with the AP device, the AP device sets the station identifier to a second value that indicates the AP device is not allowing unassociated stations to associate with the AP device.

Abstract: A method for operation of a first communication device in a wireless local area network (WLAN) communication channel, having a plurality of component channels, between the first communication device and a second communication device is described. A first physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second PPDU, distinct from the first PPDU, are generated. The first PPDU and second PPDU are transmitted simultaneously to the second communication device over the WLAN communication channel, including: transmitting the first PPDU via a first component channel within a first radio frequency (RF) channel segment that occupies a first frequency bandwidth, and transmitting the second PPDU via a second component channel within a second RF channel segment that occupies a second frequency bandwidth that does not overlap the first frequency bandwidth segment, and is separated from the first frequency bandwidth segment by a frequency gap.

Abstract: A non-access point (non-AP) multi-link device (MLD) is arranged to roam within a roaming AP MLD comprising a plurality of AP MLDs. The non-access point MLD receives from the roaming AP MLD an announcement. In an example, the announcement indicates that the roaming AP supports one of a link level roaming and MLD roaming within the roaming AP MLD. Based on the announcement, the non-AP MLD sends a roaming request to the roaming AP MLD, where the roaming request indicates one of the link level roaming and MLD roaming. A roaming response is received from the roaming AP MLD where the response indicates at least one new link established from the non-AP MLD to the roaming AP MLD. Based on the new link which is established, the non-AP MLD exchanges frames with the roaming AP MLD.

Abstract: A method of method of dynamic channel switching by a station (STA), including: receiving a resource unit (RU) allocation in an initial frame exchange; determining that the STA cannot operate in its operating BW covering a primary channel based upon the RU allocation; switching to secondary channel(s) per an RU allocated to it to carry out communication by the STA during a transmit opportunity (TXOP); carrying out the communication during the TXOP; and switching back to the primary channel no later than an end of the TXOP if detecting that an AP will not do the initial frame exchange with it in the secondary channel(s) within the TXOP.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and apparatus for wireless communications are disclosed. In an embodiment, a wireless device includes a controller configured to generate a frame that includes interference information indicating an existence or an occurrence of a wireless communications interference and a wireless transceiver configured to transmit the frame through an antenna.

Abstract: An access point (AP) generates a multi-user request to send (MU-RTS) frame for protecting a channel bandwidth during a communication exchange, and transmits the MU-RTS frame in multiple duplicate first packets in respective communication subchannels that span the channel bandwidth. Each first packet has a first packet format that conforms to a legacy protocol. The AP receives multiple clear-to-send (CTS) frames from multiple client stations via respective communication subchannels that span the channel bandwidth. The AP generates a trigger frame configured to prompt the multiple client stations to transmit respective data to the AP. After transmitting the multiple first packets, the AP transmits the trigger frame in one or more second packets that span the channel bandwidth and that conform to a second packet format defined by a non-legacy protocol. The AP receives, from the multiple client stations, data frames that are responsive to the trigger frame.

Abstract: Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) parameters for transmission of respective HARQ data units are determined. Determining HARQ parameters includes determining initial HARQ parameters, including an initial number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols that will be occupied by the HARQ data unit and an initial pre-coding padding factor corresponding to a boundary within a last OFDM symbol. Based at least in part on the initial pre-coding padding factor, it is determined whether the HARQ data unit will be misaligned with both a beginning of a first OFDM symbol occupied by the HARQ data unit and an end of a last OFDM symbol occupied by the HARQ data unit. When it is determined that the HARQ data unit will be misaligned, the initial pre-coding padding factor is adjusted to account for a reduced data tone OFDM symbol segment to be occupied by the HARQ data unit.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a multi-link device (MLD) access point configured to establish a target wake time (TWT) with a MLD station, wherein a plurality of links are established between the MLD access point and the MLD station, including: a transmitter configured to: transmit a TWT set up frame to the MLD station configured to indicate whether the TWT set up frame is applied to multiple links of the plurality of links; announce a broadcast TWT by transmitting a TWT element with just one Broadcast TWT Parameter Set field if a Broadcast TWT Parameter Set field includes optional fields; and negotiate with the MLD station an individual TWT for multiple links, through one TWT element wherein the number of the multiple links to which the individual TWTs applies is less than or equal than the number of radios of the MLD access point and the MLD station, and the number of the multiple links to which the individual TWTs applies is up to the total number of links when the MLD station is in eMLSR/eMLMR mode.