Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated engine system; said integrated engine system includes an air-compressor, an air-buffer-system, a power-management-unit, and a cold-expansion-chamber for operating a Mackay Cold-Expansion cycle, which includes a first-intake-process, a hot-combustion-process, a fuel-cooling-process, a second-intake-process, a cold-expansion-process, and an exhaust-process; said air-buffer-system supplies a cooled compressed air to be injected during said first-intake-process, and a heated compressed air to be injected during said second-intake-process; an air-fuel mixture is ignited to produce a hot-expansion-medium during said hot-combustion process, and the hot-expansion-medium is cooled by a fuel vaporization and an injection of heated compressed air to produce a cold expansion medium at an optimal expansion temperature, thereby accelerating the conversion of carbon-monoxide to carbon dioxide in the cold-expansion-medium and reducing heat loss.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Mackay tri-expansion cycle engine which operates with an eight-stroke master cylinder and an eight-stroke slave cylinder; the Mackay tri-expansion cycle engine intakes air and fuel into the eight-stroke master cylinder, and the air-fuel-mixture combusts in three expansion processes; the first expansion process generates power at high temperature with a hot-combustion-medium of high CO concentration; the second expansion process generates power with a cold-expansion-medium mixing from said hot-combustion-medium and a compressed air, spontaneously converting all CO content into CO2 at a controlled expansion temperature; the third expansion process generates power with a steam-rich expansion-medium at a controlled expansion temperature, in which a calculated amount of water-mixture is injected to absorb heat energy and produce steam, at same time reacting with any remained NOX, HC, and PM to reduce air-pollution from combustion process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cross-cycle internal combustion engine that can conduct a combustion cycle called as the cross-cycle with diesel ignition means. The diesel type cross-cycle operation consists of seven processes, which are the intake-process, the cold-compression process, the injection process, the cold-expansion process, the exhaust process, the hot-compression process, and the diesel-ignition process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a controlled-compression direct-power-cycle engine for performing the direct-power-cycle, wherein the air is compressed with three compression processes and cooled to a controlled temperature before ignition, the engine power output is controlled by both the compressor-transmission and the servo-intake-valve; the three compression processes are the initial-compression-process, the intermediate-compression-process, the final-compression-process, wherein, the initial-compression-process is performed by the turbocharger, the intermediate-compressor-process is performed by a screw type compressor, a rotary type compressor, or a scroll type intermediate-compressor, the final-compression-process is performed by the pistons of the combustion chambers; said intermediate-compressor is coupled to the compressor-transmission for adjusting the compression-capacity according to the instruction signals from the engine control unit, which computes the required compression-capacity by the user'

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated engine system, which includes an air-compression means, an air-buffer-system, a fuel-supplying means, an power-management-unit, and at least two cold-expansion-chambers; wherein, each of said at least two cold-expansion-chambers operates with a Simplified Mackay Four-Stroke Cycle, which includes a first-intake-process, a compression-process, a hot-combustion-process, a second-intake-process, a cold-expansion-process, and an exhaust-process.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated engine system; said integrated engine system includes an air-compression means, an air-buffer-system, a power-management-unit, and at least two cold-expansion-chambers; wherein each of said at least two cold-expansion-chamber includes a spark-ignition means, a fuel-supplying means, a cold-air-injection means, and a reenergize-air-injection means; each cold-expansion-chamber operates in a Mackay Cold-Expansion Cycle, which includes a first-intake-process, a hot-combustion-process, a fuel-cooling-process, a second-intake-process, a cold-expansion-process, and an active-exhaust-process; wherein the fuel-cooling-process may be disabled according to the operation condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coordination pressure management system for raising the maximum operational range of the eight-stroke engine; said coordination pressure management system includes a real-time control system for adjusting the phase-difference between the master piston and the slave piston according to the combustion condition of the master cylinder and the compression condition of the slave cylinder, so that the maximum compression pressure of the slave-compression-process is regulated within the range of 75% to 25% of the concurrent maximum combustion pressure of the master cylinder, thereby maintaining a high coordination-efficiency in any operational load and rpm condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable-coordination-timing type self-cooling engine capable of adjusting the initiation timings and the injected amount of each injection process according to the change in the combusting pressure with the variable-coordinate-timing system. The variable-coordination-timing system will regulate the air flow between each coordinate-channel and its associated power-cylinder to optimize the cooling effects, and the hot-combusting-medium in each power-cylinder will be mixed with a flow of compressed air at a controlled flow-rate and pressure, which prevents the hot-combusting-medium from charging into the primary-coordinate-channel and the secondary-coordinate-channel, thereby effecting the cooling effects of the self-cooling-16-process.

Abstract: The present invention provides an overhead-exhaust type cross-cycle internal combustion engine that can conduct a combustion cycle called as the cross-cycle with overhead-exhaust means. The overhead-exhaust type cross-cycle operation consists of seven processes, which are the intake-process, the cold-compression process, the injection process, the cold-expansion process, the overhead-exhaust process, the hot-compression process, and the hot-expansion process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spark-ignition type cross-cycle internal combustion engine that can conduct the seven processes of the spark-ignition type cross-cycle operation with gasoline and bio-fuel and natural gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cross-cycle internal combustion engine that can conduct a combustion cycle called as the cross-cycle with diesel ignition means. The diesel type cross-cycle operation consists of seven processes, which are the intake-process, the cold-compression process, the injection process, the cold-expansion process, the exhaust process, the hot-compression process, and the diesel-ignition process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable coordination volume type eight-stroke engine for increasing the fuel efficiency in the heavy load operation by regulating the maximum air-pressure in the charge-coordinate-channel and adjusting the initiation timing of the injection-process as the engine load changes; wherein the maximum air-pressure of the charge-coordinate-channel will be regulated with a buffer piston in the range of 25% to 75% of the concurrent maximum combustion pressure of the mastery cylinder. In addition the overall temperature of the master cylinder and the slave cylinder will be reduced in the heavy load condition by injecting a flow of high-density-air at lower temperature in the heavy load operation, thereby achieving better durability and higher fuel efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two-stage-coordination type eight-stroke engine for controlling the air-flows of the eight-stroke-operation and preventing the backfiring in the coordinate-port during the injection-process, so the coordinate-valve and the coordinate-port can be kept within the operational temperature in the heavy load operation; the two-stage-coordination system will open the coordinate-valve twice during each round of the eight-stroke-operation, so the hot-combustion-medium of the master cylinder will be mixing with the flow of the high-density-air in a conceal environment after the coordinate-valve is shut with the pressure difference, thereby reducing the heat loss and preventing the irreparable damage due to the backfiring effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-range composite-evaporator type cross-defrosting system for continuous heating operation under an environment temperature range from 20 degree to negative 40 degree Celsius. Said system employs a combination of two defrosting methods under different temperature and humidity conditions; the first defrosting method is used for the outdoor temperature range of 20 degree Celsius to 0 degree Celsius, the second defrosting method is used in the outdoor temperature range of 10 degree Celsius to negative 40 degree Celsius, and a control system will adjust the appropriate threshold for switching between the two defrosting methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides a swirl-injection type eight-stroke engine capable of constantly varying the injection-direction of the high-density-air from the slave cylinder, thereby effectively circulating the high-density-air around the master cylinder wall and master cylinder head during the injection process to speed up the mixing of the high-density-air and the hot combustion medium in the master cylinder, furthermore the hot spots in the master cylinder head and the master cylinder wall are eliminated with the two-direction swirling effect during the cold-expansion process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two-stage-coordination type eight-stroke engine for controlling the air-flows of the eight-stroke-operation and preventing the backfiring in the coordinate-port during the injection-process, so the coordinate-valve and the coordinate-port can be kept within the operational temperature in the heavy load operation; the two-stage-coordination system will open the coordinate-valve twice during each round of the eight-stroke-operation, so the hot-combustion-medium of the master cylinder will be mixing with the flow of the high-density-air in a conceal environment after the coordinate-valve is shut with the pressure difference, thereby reducing the heat loss and preventing the irreparable damage due to the backfiring effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coordination pressure management system for raising the maximum operational range of the eight-stroke engine; said coordination pressure management system includes a real-time control system for adjusting the phase-difference between the master piston and the slave piston according to the combustion condition of the master cylinder and the compression condition of the slave cylinder, so that the maximum compression pressure of the slave-compression-process is regulated within the range of 75% to 25% of the concurrent maximum combustion pressure of the master cylinder, thereby maintaining a high coordination-efficiency in any operational load and rpm condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a swirl-injection type eight-stroke engine capable of constantly varying the injection-direction of the high-density-air from the slave cylinder, thereby effectively circulating the high-density-air around the master cylinder wall and master cylinder head during the injection process to speed up the mixing of the high-density-air and the hot combustion medium in the master cylinder, furthermore the hot spots in the master cylinder head and the master cylinder wall are eliminated with the two-direction swirling effect during the cold-expansion process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable coordination volume type eight-stroke engine for increasing the fuel efficiency in the heavy load operation by regulating the maximum air-pressure in the charge-coordinate-channel and adjusting the initiation timing of the injection-process as the engine load changes; wherein the maximum air-pressure of the charge-coordinate-channel will be regulated with a buffer piston in the range of 25% to 75% of the concurrent maximum combustion pressure of the mastery cylinder. In addition the overall temperature of the master cylinder and the slave cylinder will be reduced in the heavy load condition by injecting a flow of high-density-air at lower temperature in the heavy load operation, thereby achieving better durability and higher fuel efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable-coordination-timing type self-cooling engine capable of adjusting the initiation timings and the injected amount of each injection process according to the change in the combusting pressure with the variable-coordinate-timing system. The variable-coordination-timing system will regulate the air flow between each coordinate-channel and its associated power-cylinder to optimize the cooling effects, and the hot-combusting-medium in each power-cylinder will be mixed with a flow of compressed air at a controlled rate and pressure, which prevents the hot-combusting-medium from charging into the primary-coordinate-channel and the secondary-coordinate-channel, thereby sustaining the cooling effects of the self-cooling-16-process in continuous high power output operation.