Abstract: A process forming an organic coating, such as an autodeposited coating, on a plurality of small metallic articles by contacting the articles with a liquid coating composition containing an organic film-forming material comprising:(A) providing a plurality of said articles, with at least some of the articles being in contact with at least one other of said articles;(B) immersing the articles into a bath of said composition under conditions such that said articles are not in conttact with another article in said composition;(C) maintaining said articles in separated form in said composition for a period of time sufficiently long for the entirety of the surfaces of said articles to be coated with said composition; and(D) collecting the coated articles in the bath in a form in which at least some of the coated articles are in contact with another of said coated articles;wherein the coating composition is capable of forming on a steel panel immersed therein a coating having a wet strength such that its rinse resis

Abstract: Disclosed are electrorheological fluids which display improved stability against sedimentation, reduced current density and good electrorheological responses. In the preferred embodiment of this invention, these electrorheological fluids are prepared from monomers which are polymerized by dispersion polymerization in a low conductivity medium which also serves as the dispersion medium for the fluid.

Abstract: The frequency of a clock for a receiving terminal is controlled based on a predetermined clock frequency of a terminal that produces a continuous stream of data at a predetermined frequency for transmission to the receiving terminal over a communications network of the kind in which data is transmitted between the terminals in discrete packets that are delayed on the network by possibly different amounts. Arrivals of packets that are sent to the receiving terminal are detected, time intervals between the arrivals of the successive packets are determined, and the time intervals are processed to generate an estimate that is related to the predetermined frequency. The frequency of the receiving terminal clock is controlled in response to the estimate. In one aspect, the time intervals are determined by measuring time differences of arrival between successive packets, and the measured time differences are filtered to generate the estimate.

Abstract: A method for determining the concentration of a plurality of combustible gases in a gas stream comprises providing an electrochemical cell apparatus that includes an electrochemical cell in which a cavity is formed having a diffusion limiting port forming the entrance to the cavity. The cell has a process side in flow communication with a portion of the gas stream flowing into the cavity through the port, and a reference side in flow communication with a reference gas. The process side and the reference side of the electrochemical cell are separated by an electrolyte. The potential difference across the cell is adjusted to create a steady state electrical current flow.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrorheological (ER) fluids which display improved stability against sedimentation, reduced current density and good ER responses. Thes=e ER fluids are prepared from monomers which are polymerized by dispersion polymerization in a low conductivity medium which also serves as the dispersion medium for the fluid. The ER fluids are further processed by modifying the polymer particles through polymerization of a hydrophilic monomer to form a hydrophilic shell or globule around the particles followed by neutralization through addition of an organic soluble base. The resulting dispersion is then doped with water to obtain a stable ER fluid. The hydrophilic shell or globule constitutes about 15% of the particle. Water dopant is only absorbed by the hydrophilic portion of the particle and does not enter into the core of the particle. The quantity of water is significantly reduced, which in turn results in a significant reduction of the current density at any given comparative voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed are electrorheological (ER) fluids which display improved stability against sedimentation, reduced current density and good electrorheological response. These ER fluids are prepared from monomers which are polymerized by dispersion polymerization in a low conductivity medium which in most embodiments of the invention serves as the dispersion medium for the fluid. the ER fluids are further processed by modifying the polymer particles through polymerization of a hydrophilic monomer to form a hydrophilic shell or globule around the particles. The resulting dispersion is then doped with water to obtain a stable ER fluid. The hydrophilic shell or globule constitutes a minor part of the particle. Water dopant is only absorbed by the hydrophilic portion of the particle and does not enter into the core of the particle. The quantity of water is significantly reduced, which in turn results in a significant reduction of the current density at any given applied field strength.

Abstract: Improved series and shunt switching cells for selectively switching an RF input signal to an output over a wide range of frequencies and in a linear manner. The series cell includes an input FET which has the source electrode clamped by means of a diode clamping circuit. The diode clamping circuit is in series with a second FET which has applied to the gate electrode a control voltage. A third FET has its source electrode connected to the source electrode of the second FET and has the drain electrode coupled through a diode to the drain electrode of the second FET. The drain electrode of the third FET is coupled to the gate electrode of a fourth FET where the source electrode of the fourth FET controls a series switching FET to enable the input signal to be switched to the output.

Abstract: An amplifier includes a first pair of FETS arranged in a differential amplifier configuration having their drain-source paths connected between a first constant current source and a point of operating potential. A second pair of FETS has gate electrodes coupled together for receiving an input signal, source electrodes coupled together to a second constant current source, and drain electrodes connected to sources of third and fourth FETS, respectively. The gate electrodes of the fourth FET and the first FET in the first pair are connected to the sources of the third and fourth FETS, respectively, the latter connection forming an output junction. A third pair of FETS has gate electrodes coupled together for receiving the input signal, source electrodes coupled together to the source electrodes of the second pair to form another differential amplifier configuration, and drain electrodes coupled to the source electrodes of fifth and sixth FETs, respectively.

Abstract: Autodepositing compositions of the type that form coatings which tend to crack in the wet stage are modified by including in the composition a fugitive plasticizer, such as 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-1,3 monoisobutyrate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, or a mixture of phenyl glycol ethers.

Abstract: A particulate water-soluble polymer is dispersed in a liquid medium comprised of low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, water and high molecular weight polyethylene glycol in amounts sufficient to impart stability to the dispersion. The dispersion is used in a process for dispersing the water-soluble polymer into aqueous solutions, such as latex paints, comprising preparing the dispersion and feeding the dispersion into the aqueous solution. The dispersion has excellent dispersion stability and fluidity, and is easier to handle and has a higher dissolution rate than the dry powder (particulate) form of the water-soluble polymer.

Abstract: A zener diode is connected at one end via a first impedance to a first power terminal. The base-to-emitter junctions of first and second transistors are connected in parallel between the other end of the zener diode and a second power terminal. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the one end of the zener diode to regulate the zener current and hence the zener voltage. A third transistor is coupled at its base to the one end of the zener and its emitter is connected to an output terminal to produce an output voltage which is a function of the zener voltage. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the third transistor to pass a current through the third transistor which is approximately equal to the current through the first and second transistors whereby the base-to emitter junction of the third transistor and its temperature variations have little, if any, effect on the output voltage.

Abstract: This invention provides a fluid conducting device suitable for rinsing the interior of the bottom of pesticide containers. The device comprises a body having opposed ends with a fluid passage in the body, fluid inlet means in communication with a passage at one end of the body, container rupturing means at the other end of the body and extending therefrom and an abutment means separating the body from the container rupturing means. The fluid passage in the container rupturing means is in communication with the passage of the body, and the fluid discharge means in the container rupturing means is in communication with the fluid passage of the body. When the container is inverted and the container rupturing means is inserted into the bottom of the pesticide container to the stop provided by the abutment means, the fluid discharge means is disposed just slightly below the bottom of the container and is effective to discharge the fluid primarily against the interior of the bottom of the container.

Abstract: Curing of autodeposited coatings by treatment with water or steam including a solute.

Abstract: A semiconductor junction clamps a signal to a reference potential. A comparator senses the difference between the reference potential and the signal potential and causes a controllable bias current supply to selectively apply a forward bias to the junction when the signal is of a polarity sense tending to forward bias the junction.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing the electrolyte content of latex composition baths in which, preferably, the bath is flowingly contacted with the outside of a tubular filtration membrane having pores smaller than the latex micelles, and partly deioized water flows through the center of the tubular membrane at a rate sufficient to cause a pressure differential and thus effect ultrafiltration removal of electrolytes.

Abstract: Staining of the finish coat on irregular workpieces caused by bleed-out of cleansing chemicals used in autodeposition coating processes is substantially eliminated by maintaining temperatures sufficiently constant to reduce or eliminate significant contraction or expansion of the metal fabric of the workpiece throughout the cleaning stage of the process.

Abstract: Curing of autodeposited coatings by treatment with water or steam.

Abstract: Semiconductive photoanodes formed of titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) are known for use in photoelectrochemical cells. They have been made by various techniques, including chemical vapor deposition, thermal oxidation or anodic oxidation of thin titanium foils, hot pressing of TiO.sub.2 powder, and plasma spraying. The present invention provides a method for the fabrication of TiO.sub.2 thick film photoanodes, which method is simple, inexpensive and suitable for mass production of large area plates. The method comprises screen printing a film of conductive material on a clean alumina substrate which is then heated to fuse the conductive material into a conductive layer. A first layer of TiO.sub.2 particles in an organic carrier is then screen-printed over the conductive layer, at least 10% of the TiO.sub.2 being of anatase form. The structure is then heated to burn off the organic carrier and to transform at least part of the TiO.sub.2 from anatase form to rutile form, this resulting in good adhesion of the TiO.

Abstract: Two cooperatively rotating annular wheels are temporarily deformed against each other radially to form a contact length and are partially located in a heated chamber. Each annular wheel is connected to a rotating shaft by flexible means. A positive pressure is maintained in the heated chamber. A plurality of composite plies are fed into the heated chamber where they are clamped and carried by the annular wheels. The clamped plies are subjected to a sustained pressure and temperature along the contact length. The plies are cured under sustained pressure and temperature after which they are cooled under sustained pressure and exit from between the annular wheels as an elongated cured composite laminate.

Abstract: Two cooperatively rotating annular wheels are temporarily deformed against each other radially to form a contact length and are partially located in a heated chamber. Each annular wheel is connected to a rotating shaft by means of flexible means. A positive pressure is maintained in the heated chamber. A circumferential groove is provided on the rim of each annular wheel so that when the two annular wheels rotate cooperatively, the grooves cooperate to form a closed orifice along the contact length of the annular wheels. A mandrel, rotating about its axis, protrudes into this orifice. A plurality of elongated composite plies are wound around the mandrel and are clamped and carried forward by the annular wheels. In the heated chamber, the elongated plies are subjected to a sustained pressure and temperature. They are cured under this pressure and temperature after which they are cooled under pressure and exit from between the annular wheels as an elongated cured composite tube.