Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

Abstract: When detecting particulate radiation, such as electrons, with a pixelated detector, a cloud of electron/hole pairs is formed in the detector. Using the signal caused by this cloud of electron/hole pairs a position of the impact is estimated. When the size of the cloud is comparable to the pixel size, or much smaller, the estimated position shows a strong bias to the center of the pixel and the corners, as well to the middle of the borders. This hinders forming an image with super-resolution. By shifting the position or by attributing the electron to several sub-pixels this bias can be countered, resulting in a more truthful representation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

Abstract: An apparatus generates outgoing data to be provided on an optical disk in a burst cutting area. The burst cutting area further comprises markings which cause a marking frequency spectrum when reading out the burst cutting area. The apparatus comprises a channel coder which receives processed data and supplies the outgoing data having an outgoing data frequency spectrum with suppressed DC-content. The apparatus further comprises a data processing device which generates the processed data to obtain an outgoing frequency spectrum wherein a frequency component causing interference with a low frequent component of the markings is suppressed or not present.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of biotransformation of furanic compounds. More particular the present invention relates to novel genetically modified cells with improved characteristics for biocatalytic transformation of furanic compounds and a vector suitable for the genetic modification of a host cell. Further aspects of the invention are aimed at processes for biotransformation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (HMF-acid) and its precursors with the use of the cell according to the invention.

Abstract: An apparatus generates outgoing data to be provided on an optical disk in a burst cutting area. The burst cutting area further comprises markings which cause a marking frequency spectrum when reading out the burst cutting area. The apparatus comprises a channel coder which receives processed data and supplies the outgoing data having an outgoing data frequency spectrum with suppressed DC-content. The apparatus further comprises a data processing device which generates the processed data to obtain an outgoing frequency spectrum wherein a frequency component causing interference with a low frequent component of the markings is suppressed or not present.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a reconstructed image using a particle-optical apparatus. The particle-optical apparatus comprises a particle source for producing a beam of particles, an object plane on which an object to be imaged may be placed, a condenser system for illuminating the object plane with the beam of particles, a projection system for forming an image of the object plane by imaging particles transmitted through the object on an image plane, and a detector for detecting the image, the detector comprising a semiconductor sensor having an array of pixels for providing a plurality of pixel signals from respective pixels of the array in response to particles incident on the detector.

Abstract: An apparatus generates outgoing data (OD) to be provided on an optical disk (1) in a burst cutting area (2). The burst cutting area (2) further comprises markings (3) which cause a marking frequency spectrum (MFS) when reading out the burst cutting area (2). The apparatus comprises a channel coder (4) which receives processed data (PD) and supplies the outgoing data (OD) having an outgoing data frequency spectrum (DFS) with suppressed DC-content. The apparatus further comprises a data processing device (5) which generates the processed data (PD) to obtain an outgoing frequency spectrum (DFS) wherein a frequency component causing interference with a low frequent component of the markings (3) is suppressed or not present.

Abstract: A record carrier is described comprising a zone with a visually detectable pattern composed of pattern elements arranged along at least one track. The pattern elements comprise a marked zone having an optical property deviating from a background, the marked zones having a width Wm transverse to the track direction and a length Lm along the track direction, wherein at least two or more pattern elements have a marked zone with a mutually different width Wm. In this way, an increased visibility of the visual pattern is achieved. Likewise a method and an apparatus for recording an optical record carrier is included.

Abstract: A method and system for obtaining focus optimization in an optical disc system is disclosed. The focus offset of a recording unit is set to a first of a plurality of predetermined values. A HF quality value is measured and stored for the selected focus offset value of the recording unit. The focus offset is then set to a best-known focus offset value. Tracks on the optical media being read are then jumped. The above steps are then repeated for each of the plurality of predetermined focus offset values. The optimal focus setting is then determined from the stored HF quality measurements.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for recording an optical record carrier (40). The apparatus is arranged for recording a visually detectable pattern (LBL) at the record carrier in a ring shaped zone (RP). The apparatus is further arranged to record data (Data1, Data2) and a primary data organizing system (FS) wherein the data is organized. The primary data organizing system (FS) does not refer to a physical address within the ring shaped zone. The apparatus is further arranged for recording at least part of the data (Data2) or the primary data organizing system on the record carrier at an area peripherally arranged with respect to the ring shaped zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a reconstructed image using a particle-optical apparatus. The particle-optical apparatus comprises a particle source for producing a beam of particles, an object plane on which an object to be imaged may be placed, a condenser system for illuminating the object plane with the beam of particles, a projection system for forming an image of the object plane by imaging particles transmitted through the object on an image plane, and a detector for detecting the image, the detector comprising a semiconductor sensor having an array of pixels for providing a plurality of pixel signals from respective pixels of the array in response to particles incident on the detector.

Abstract: A system is described comprising an optical record carrier and an apparatus for recording the optical record carrier. The apparatus comprises a facility (20) for generating a visually detectable pattern at a physical location on the record carrier (40), and a facility (20) for storing pattern information. The pattern information comprises at least first information indicative for the physical location.

Abstract: A method of applying image data as a visually detectable pattern with at least one embedded data element at an optical record carrier is disclosed, comprising the step of physically mapping at least one channel symbol onto the record carrier, the channel symbol being selected from a set of mutually different channel symbols, the channel symbols each comprising an area of size s1 with a relatively low value v1 for an optical property and an area with size s2 with a relatively high value v2 for said optical property, the channel symbols being distributed over a plurality of subsets each having a plurality of channel symbols wherein the plurality of channel symbols within a subset have a distance that is substantially less than the distance between channel symbols of mutually different subsets, wherein the distance between two channel symbols is defined as the absolute difference between the ratios s1/(s1+s2).

Abstract: A method is disclosed of reading an image data from an optical record carrier with a visually detectable pattern comprising a visually detectable pattern of pixels comprising at least one pattern element comprising an area of size s1 with a relatively low value v1 for an optical property and an area with size s2 with a relatively high value v2 for said optical property, wherein the data representative for a structure of the visually detectable pattern is embedded by variations in one or more of the parameters s1, v1, s2, v2 of the pattern elements. The method comprising the steps of scanning the visually detectable pattern and generating a detection signal representative for a visual property of the pattern as a function of position, retrieving the image data from the signal, retrieving an embedded data from the signal, generating an address data using said embedded data, storing image data values at addresses indicated by said address data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for setting an optimum value of a write parameter for use in an optical recording apparatus for writing information on an optical recording medium by means of a radiation beam. The optimum value of a write parameter is found by deriving a plurality of characteristic write power levels (PChar) from a plurality of curve-fitting functions. Each characteristic write power level (PChar) has an associated initial value of the write power level (TV), and the optimum value of the write parameter is found by comparing the characteristic write power levels to the initial write power levels. The invention also relates to an optical recording apparatus for recording information on an optical recording medium, the apparatus having a radiation source for emitting a radiation beam having a controllable value of a write power level for recording information on the recording medium.

Abstract: An optical disk drive and a method for scanning an optical disk that includes a substantially circular track with a scanning velocity is provided. A servo control signal (SCS) is determined based on a servo error signal (SES). A first performance indicator (IND1) of the servo actuator is determined from at least one of the SES and SCS. IND1 is compared against a first pre-determined threshold (ITHR1), determining a first servo margin (MAR1). The scanning velocity is set in dependence on at least MAR1. In particular, scanning velocity is reduced when the first performance indicator exceeds the first pre-determined threshold. Additionally or alternatively, a bandwidth of control of the servo actuator can be adjusted in dependence on at least one of a second servo margin, determined from at least one of SES and SCS, and a third servo margin, associated with a mark quality determined from a central aperture signal.

Abstract: An apparatus generates outgoing data (OD) to be provided on an optical disk (1) in a burst cutting area (2). The burst cutting area (2) further comprises markings (3) which cause a marking frequency spectrum (MFS) when reading out the burst cutting area (2). The apparatus comprises a channel coder (4) which receives processed data (PD) and supplies the outgoing data (OD) having an outgoing data frequency spectrum (DFS) with suppressed DC-content. The apparatus further comprises a data processing device (5) which generates the processed data (PD) to obtain an outgoing frequency spectrum (DFS) wherein a frequency component causing interference with a low frequent component of the markings (3) is suppressed or not present.