Abstract: The carbon fibers of this invention is characterized in that irreducible inorganic material particles in a mean primary particle size below 500 nm and reducible inorganic material particles in a mean primary particle size below 500 nm were mixed by pulverizing and then, the mixture was heat treated under the reducing atmosphere and metal particles in a mean particle size below 1 ?m were obtained, and the mixed powder of the thus obtained metal particles with the irreducible inorganic material particles are included in the carbon fibers.

Abstract: A superior high-frequency magnetic material having a smaller ratio (??/??) of a real part ?? of permeability and an imaginary part ?? of permeability in a high-frequency region and an antenna system using thereof are provided. The high-frequency magnetic material includes a substrate and a composite magnetic film formed on the substrate and made of a magnetic phase forming a plurality of columnar bodies whose longitudinal direction is directed in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the substrate and an insulator phase filling gaps of the columnar bodies. The magnetic phase contains at least one of Nb, Zr, and Hf, and Fe and B, is amorphous, and has in-plane uniaxial anisotropy of Hk2/Hk1?3 and Hk2?3.98×103 A/m when a minimal anisotropic magnetic field in a plane parallel to the surface of the substrate is Hk1 and a maximal anisotropic magnetic field is Hk2.

Abstract: A superior high-frequency magnetic material having a smaller ratio (??/??) of the real part ?? of permeability and the imaginary part ?? of permeability in a high-frequency region and an antenna device using thereof are provided. The high-frequency magnetic material includes a substrate and a composite magnetic film formed on the substrate that consists of a magnetic phase forming a plurality of columnar bodies whose longitudinal direction is directed in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the substrate and an insulator phase filling gaps of the columnar bodies, and the magnetic phase is amorphous and has in-plane uniaxial anisotropy of Hk2/Hk1?3 and Hk2?3.98×103 A/m when a minimal anisotropic magnetic field in a plane in parallel with the surface of the substrate is Hk1 and a maximal anisotropic magnetic field is Hk2.

Abstract: A high-impedance substrate is provided, which includes a metallic plate employed as a ground plane, a resonance circuit layer spaced away from the metallic plate by a distance “t”, the resonance circuit layer being provided with at least two resonance circuits having the same height and disposed side by side with a distance “g”, a connecting component connecting the resonance circuit with the metallic plate, and a magnetic material layer interposed between the metallic plate and the resonance circuit layer. The distance “t” between the metallic plate and the resonance circuit layer is confined within the range of 0.1 to 10 mm, the distance “g” between neighboring resonance circuits is confined within the range of 0.01 to 5 mm, the distance “h” between the magnetic material layer and the resonance circuit layer is confined within the range represented by the following inequality 1: g/2?h?t/2??inequality 1.

Abstract: A precursor particle having a particle size of 10 nm or more and 1 ?m or less, and comprising a first compound selected from an alkoxide, a hydroxide, a sulfate, a nitrate, a carbonate, or a carboxylate of magnetic metal containing at least one metal of Fe and Co, and a second compound selected from an alkoxide or a hydroxide, a sulfate, a nitrate, a carbonate, or a carboxylate of a metal element for forming an oxide, is prepared. Then the precursor particle is heated in a reducing atmosphere to form an insulating particle made of an oxide of the metal element by decomposing the second compound, and to precipitate a particle of the magnetic metal in the insulating particle at a particle size of 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less, thereby manufacturing a high frequency magnetic material.

Abstract: A magnetic material includes a substrate and a composite magnetic film formed on the substrate. The composite magnetic film comprises a plurality of columnar members formed on the substrate and having a longitudinal direction perpendicular to a surface of the substrate, each of the columnar members containing a magnetic metal or a magnetic alloy selected from at least one of Fe, Co, and Ni, and an inorganic insulator formed between the columnar members and selected from an oxide, a nitride, and fluoride of metal. The composite magnetic film has a minimum anisotropy magnetic field Hk1 in a surface parallel to the substrate surface and a maximum anisotropy magnetic field Hk2 in a surface parallel to the substrate surface, a ratio Hk2/Hk1 is greater than 1.

Abstract: An insulating magnetic metal particle includes a magnetic metal particle containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni and having a diameter of 5 to 500 nm, a first inorganic insulating layer made of an oxide that covers the surface of the magnetic metal particle, and a second inorganic insulating layer made of an oxide that produces a eutectic crystal by reacting together with the first inorganic insulating layer at the time of heating them, the second inorganic insulating layer being coated on the first inorganic insulating layer. A thickness ratio of the second inorganic insulating layer with respect to the first inorganic insulating layer is set so that the first inorganic insulating layer remains on the surface of the magnetic metal particle after producing the eutectic crystal.

Abstract: A high-frequency magnetic material comprises an artificial medium having a structure in which a plurality of unit particles align in a matrix medium, wherein the unit particle is composed of a split ring type conductor, or a combination of the split ring type conductor and a dielectric material, and the matrix medium contains a magnetic material.

Abstract: An electrode for a fuel cell, including a porous catalytic carrier including conductive fibers having two particle diameter distribution peaks of a first particle diameter distribution peak existing at a small particle diameter side and a second particle diameter distribution peak existing at a large particle diameter side, wherein said conducting fibers are carbon nano-fibers formed from a catalyst for formation prepared by preparing a mixed powder including one or more of a reducible metallic oxide powder and a non-reducible metallic oxide powder, mixing and pulverizing the mixed powder, and heating the mixed powder under reducing atmosphere; catalyst to be carried on said conductive fibers belonging to the first particle diameter distribution peak; and a proton conductive material adhered on surface of at least the conducive fibers belonging to the first particle diameter distribution peak, so as to come into contact with the catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell comprising a fuel cell body (stacked body) including a unit cell having an electromotive section in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode, and a liquid fuel tank for storing a liquid fuel that is to be supplied to the fuel cell body and connected to the fuel cell body. The liquid fuel is introduced by the capillary action into the unit cell included in the fuel cell body and vaporized within the unit cell so as to be supplied to the fuel electrode, thereby generating an electric power. The liquid fuel tank is provided with a pressure adjusting mechanism for introducing a required amount of the liquid fuel from a liquid outlet port into the unit cell.

Abstract: This invention provides a fuel cell catalyst including a carbon support containing at least one first element selected from the group consisting of B, N, and P, and catalyst particles supported on the carbon support, wherein the catalyst particles include at least one of platinum particles and alloy particles containing Pt and an element A, and the element A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of platinum group elements and period 4 to 6 transition metal elements.

Abstract: The carbon fibers of this invention is characterized in that irreducible inorganic material particles in a mean primary particle size below 500 nm and reducible inorganic material particles in a mean primary particle size below 500 nm were mixed by pulverizing and then, the mixture was heat treated under the reducing atmosphere and metal particles in a mean particle size below 1 ?m were obtained, and the mixed powder of the thus obtained metal particles with the irreducible inorganic material particles are included in the carbon fibers.

Abstract: An anode for liquid fuel cell includes a current collector and a catalyst layer, in which the catalyst layer has a porosity in a range of 20 to 65%, and a volume of pores of which diameter ranges from 50 to 800 nm is 30% or more of a pore volume of the catalyst layer, the catalyst layer has a pore diameter distribution having a peak in a range of 100 to 800 nm, and the catalyst layer comprises fibrous supported catalysts and granular supported catalysts, the fibrous supported catalysts contain carbon nanofibers having a herringbone or platelet structure, and catalyst particles carried on the carbon nanofibers, and the granular supported catalysts contain carbon black particles and catalyst particles carried on the carbon black particles.

Abstract: This invention provides a fuel cell catalyst including a carbon support containing at least one first element selected from the group consisting of B, N, and P, and catalyst particles supported on the carbon support, wherein the catalyst particles include at least one of platinum particles and alloy particles containing Pt and an element A, and the element A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of platinum group elements and period 4 to 6 transition metal elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell comprising a fuel cell body (stacked body) including a unit cell having an electromotive section in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode, and a liquid fuel tank for storing a liquid fuel that is to be supplied to the fuel cell body and connected to the fuel cell body. The liquid fuel is introduced by the capillary action into the unit cell included in the fuel cell body and vaporized within the unit cell so as to be supplied to the fuel electrode, thereby generating an electric power. The liquid fuel tank is provided with a pressure adjusting mechanism for introducing a required amount of the liquid fuel from a liquid outlet port into the unit cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell comprising a fuel cell body (stacked body) including a unit cell having an electromotive section in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode, and a liquid fuel tank for storing a liquid fuel that is to be supplied to the fuel cell body and connected to the fuel cell body. The liquid fuel is introduced by the capillary action into the unit cell included in the fuel cell body and vaporized within the unit cell so as to be supplied to the fuel electrode, thereby generating an electric power. The liquid fuel tank is provided with a pressure adjusting mechanism for introducing a required amount of the liquid fuel from a liquid outlet port into the unit cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a electrode layer for fuel cells which is improved in the efficiency of a catalyst, the diffusion capability of fuel, the stabilization and the high output.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyte composition, comprising an electrolyte containing at least one kind of an imidazolium salt selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl-3-propyl imidazolium iodide, 1-methyl-3-isopropyl imidazolium iodide, 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazolium iodide, 1-methyl-3-isobutyl imidazolium iodide and 1-methyl-3-sec-butyl imidazolium iodide, a halogen-containing compound dissolved in the electrolyte, and a compound dissolved in the electrolyte and containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of N, P and S, the compound being capable of forming an onium salt together with the halogen-containing compound.

Abstract: A photovoltaic conversion element comprising, a first transparent electrode, a transparent semiconductor layer disposed on the first transparent electrode, a sensitizing dye adsorption portion which is disposed on the surface of the transparent semiconductor layer, a carrier transport layer formed on the sensitizing dye adsorption portion, and a second transparent electrode disposed on the carrier transport layer, wherein the sensitizing dye adsorption portion comprises sensitizing dyes of plural kinds of color, which are adsorbed on a plurality of surface regions of the semiconductor layer.