Abstract: A fuel cell includes a power-generation channel provided on a surface of a cathode-side separator which faces a MEA and a cooling channel provided on a surface of the cathode-side separator opposite to the MEA. Air flows through the power-generation channel and the cooling channel. The cooling channel is separated from the power-generation channel by a side wall. The cross-sectional area of the power-generation channel on the air outlet side is smaller than that of the power-generation channel at a position upstream of the air outlet side, and the cross-sectional area of the cooling channel on the air outlet side is larger than that of the cooling channel at a position upstream of the air outlet side. A through-hole is provided in a side wall that separates the power-generation channel from the cooling channel.

Abstract: A data management device includes a memory and processor configured to perform a process including storing a management information piece in the memory each time a request for manipulation issued during execution of each processing program is a request for acquiring, referencing, or updating a data set, the management information piece associating the processing program with the data set targeted for the manipulation; identifying, upon input of notice indicating termination of use of a first processing program, one or more data sets associated with the first processing program based on one or more management information pieces corresponding to the first processing program; and determining, for each of the identified data sets, that the identified data set is deletable when, in the memory, there is no management information piece corresponding to a second processing program being different from the first processing program and associated with the identified data set.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an eyeglass lens, comprising determining a manufacturing condition by a method of determining a manufacturing condition of an eyeglass lens comprising a vapor-deposited film formed by vapor deposition using a vapor deposition source the main component of which is ZrO2, and forming a vapor-deposited film by vapor deposition using a vapor deposition source the main component of which is ZrO2 under the manufacturing condition that has been determined.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide fine catalyst particles with better catalytic performance than ever before and a carbon-supported catalyst with better catalytic performance than ever before.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for producing a core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, which is configured to facilitate shell deposition by, in the production of the core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, decreasing an oxidation-reduction potential applied for shell deposition lower than ever before. Disclosed is a method for producing a core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, wherein the method comprises: a first refluxing step of refluxing a mixture A containing a core fine particle-supported carbon, alcohol and water; a mixing step of preparing a mixture B by, after the first refluxing step, mixing the mixture A having a temperature that is lower than that in the first refluxing step with a shell material; and a second refluxing step of refluxing the mixture B.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for producing a core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, which is configured to facilitate shell deposition by, at the time of shell deposition, decreasing an oxidation-reduction potential lower than ever before. Disclosed is a method for producing a core-shell catalyst for fuel cells, wherein the method comprises: a bubbling step of bubbling hydrogen into a mixture A containing a core fine particle-supported carbon and alcohol; a first refluxing step of refluxing the mixture A after the bubbling step; a mixing step of preparing a mixture B by, after the first refluxing step, mixing the mixture A having a temperature that is lower than that in the first refluxing step with a shell material; and a second refluxing step of refluxing the mixture B.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide fine catalyst particles to which sulfate ions are less likely to be adsorbed, and a carbon-supported catalyst to which sulfate ions are less likely to be adsorbed.

Abstract: Provided is a mirror-coated lens having a high transmittance and capable of suppressing a flare phenomenon and a ghost phenomenon. The mirror-coated lens includes a lens base material, a functional film containing a low refractive index layer, a high refractive index layer, and a metal layer on a front surface of the lens base material, and a functional film containing a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer on a back surface of the lens base material. The luminous reflectance on the front surface side is from 3 to 30%, the transmittance of the eyeglass lens is from 55 to 80%, and the luminous reflectance on the back surface side is from 0.1 to 9%.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for producing core-shell catalyst particles with high catalytic activity per unit mass of platinum. Disclosed is a method for producing core-shell catalyst particles including a core containing palladium and a shell containing platinum and covering the shell, wherein the method includes: a step of depositing copper on the surface of the palladium-containing particles by applying a potential that is nobler than the oxidation-reduction potential of copper to the palladium-containing particles in a copper ion-containing electrolyte, and a step of forming the shell by, after the copper deposition step and inside the reaction system kept at ?3° C. or more and 10° C.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a carbon-supported catalyst which has better catalytic performance than conventional carbon-supported catalysts.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a production method which can increase the activity of a catalyst particle comprising a core particle and an outermost layer, the core particle comprising at least one of palladium and a palladium alloy, and the outermost layer comprising at least one of platinum and a platinum alloy and covering the core particle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a fine catalyst particle comprising a palladium-containing particle and a platinum outermost layer covering the palladium-containing particle, wherein a first composite body containing palladium and platinum is formed by mixing the palladium-containing particle with a first solution in which a platinum compound is dissolved, and then covering at least part of a surface of the palladium-containing particle with platinum; wherein a second composite body containing palladium, platinum and copper is formed by mixing the first composite body with a second solution in which a copper compound is dissolved, and then covering at least part of a surface of the first composite body with copper using copper underpotential deposition; and wherein the copper in the second composite body is substituted with platinum derived from a third solution in which a platinum compound is dissolved.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a catalyst for fuel cells, which is able to inhibit gas diffusion resistance and shows high IV characteristics far more than conventional fuel cell catalysts, and a method for producing the catalyst. Disclosed is a catalyst for fuel cells, comprising fine catalyst particles, each of which comprises a palladium-containing particle and an outermost layer containing platinum and covering the palladium-containing particle, and a carrier on which the fine catalyst particles are supported, wherein the catalyst for fuel cells satisfies 0.9×S1?S2 in which S1 is a BET specific surface area of a material for the carrier, and S2 is a BET specific surface area of the carrier in the catalyst for fuel cells.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to an eyeglass lens comprising a lens substrate and a vapor-deposited film either directly or indirectly on the lens substrate, wherein the vapor-deposited film is an oxide film of metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium and tantalum, with a proportion accounted for by regions observed in a streaky shape, in a columnar shape, or in a lump shape in a cross-sectional image of the vapor-deposited film obtained by a transmission electron microscope of equal to or less than 20%.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a production method which can increase the activity of a catalyst particle comprising a core particle and an outermost layer, the core particle comprising at least one of palladium and a palladium alloy, and the outermost layer comprising at least one of platinum and a platinum alloy and covering the core particle.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to an eyeglass lens comprising a lens substrate and a vapor-deposited film either directly or indirectly on the lens substrate, wherein the vapor-deposited film is an oxide film of metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium and tantalum, with an average grain size observed in a planar image obtained by a transmission electron microscope of equal to or greater than 3.5 nm and a proportion accounted for by grain boundaries, which are boundaries separating grains from regions outside of the grains, in a planar image obtained by a transmission electron microscope of less than 15%.

Abstract: A line plotting method for plotting lines whose coordinates are given on a display screen on which pixels are arranged according to a prescribed rule, the method includes correcting coordinates at the end point of a line on the basis of which the end point is a starting point or an ending point or whether the end point is inside a prescribed frame determining whether a direction from a starting point of a line after correction toward its ending point horizontally or vertically is the same as a direction from a starting point before correction of a line toward its ending point determining whether integer values of the coordinates of starting and ending points after correction are the same when directions from starting points after and before correction of a line toward their ending points are not matched.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an eyeglass lens, comprising determining a manufacturing condition by a method of determining a manufacturing condition of an eyeglass lens comprising a vapor-deposited film formed by vapor deposition using a vapor deposition source the main component of which is ZrO2, and forming a vapor-deposited film by vapor deposition using a vapor deposition source the main component of which is ZrO2 under the manufacturing condition that has been determined

Abstract: An image decoding apparatus and an image decoding method capable of generating a decoded image even in the case where a pixel in a block is necessary as a reference pixel, the block where an intra prediction mode specified in a stream is unavailable according to a standard, due to a transmission error, a coding-method error, or the like. An image decoding apparatus determines whether or not a reference block necessary for a specified intra prediction mode is available, based on intra-prediction mode information extracted by an intra-prediction mode extraction unit and peripheral block pixel information stored in a line memory. The image decoding apparatus includes a reference pixel determination unit which controls a switch unit; and a substitute intra-prediction image generation unit which generates a substitute intra-prediction image in the case where a reference block necessary for a specified intra prediction mode is unavailable.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe. A first through-hole and a second through-hole are provided in a peripheral surface of the outer pipe and a peripheral surface of the inner pipe, respectively, to receive an exhaust gas detector. Third through-holes are provided in the peripheral surface of the outer pipe, at a different position than that of the first through-hole. Since the third through-holes are provided in the outer pipe, a liquid can be drained promptly from a space between the outer pipe and inner pipe. Exhaust gas can be prevented from being discharged to the atmosphere by sealing the third through-holes.