Abstract: A navigation apparatus is provided with a measurement device for measuring a present position of a movable body, and memory device for storing map data and a map matching device. The map matching device performs map matching on the basis of the present position data and the map data to obtain a plurality of present position candidacies and select a most reliable present position candidacy as a map matched present position among the present position candidacies, and updates present position display data indicating the map matched present position. The navigation apparatus is also provided with a display unit for displaying the map matched present position on a map and for displaying a travelling locus of the movable body on the basis of a plurality of present position display data updated in the past.

Abstract: An information recording medium player which extracts a main code and a subcode from a read-out signal obtained by playing a recording medium; detects, as a select signal, an information bit signal in a MIDI format signal acquired by decoding the subcode, and distributes a channel message signal in the MIDI format signal to a plurality of output terminals in accordance with the select signal, thereby relatively increasing the data transfer rate.

Abstract: An apparatus for playing a recording medium on which, in addition to a video format signal and a coded information signal, graphic codes including picture information are recorded as the subcode of the coded information signal. The apparatus is structured to generate, as a reading address data, data which varies sequentially by a predetermined value from a value determined in response to a command, and to write sequentially the graphic codes output from an extracting circuit into a memory and subsequently sequentially read out the graphic codes in the order of address indicated by the reading address data. With this feature, the position of the subcode image can be moved on the picture by the video format signal.