Abstract: An image displaying apparatus including a light source, an image displaying element configured to control exiting of incident light to display an image, an illumination optical system configured to illuminate the image displaying element with light exiting from the light source, and a projection optical system configured to project an image displayed on a display surface of the image displaying element, to provide an enlarged display. The projection optical system includes a lens optical system, a first mirror configured to reflect light transmitted through the lens optical system, and a second mirror configured to reflect light reflected from the first mirror toward the surface to be projected onto, and one of the mirrors is arranged at a position conjugate to the image displaying element, and wherein an optical surface of the one mirror is arranged to face vertically downward.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image displaying apparatus including an image displaying element configured to form an image to be projected and a projection optical system having a positive refractive power and configured to project the image to be projected onto a screen, wherein the projection optical system includes a lens optical system and a mirror optical system, the lens optical system including plural lens groups, the mirror optical system including a first mirror and a second mirror, the second mirror being a concave mirror, wherein an intermediate image of a pixel of the image displaying element is formed between the image displaying element and the second mirror, and wherein the first mirror is held to be capable of adjusting a position thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image displaying apparatus comprising an illumination optical system, an image displaying element configured to be illuminated by the illumination optical system, a projection optical system configured to project light from the image displaying element onto a screen, and a dust-proof member provided between the screen and the projection optical system, wherein the projection optical system includes a projection lens composed of plural lenses and a mirror configured to reflect reflection light emitted through the projection lens toward the screen, and wherein the dust-proof member is configured to mitigate an irregularity in an illuminance distribution of reflection light to be projected onto the screen.

Abstract: P-polarized light beam passing through an f? lens passes through a polarization beam splitter, is converted into S-polarized light beam by a quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, re-enters the polarization beam splitter, and is reflected at the polarization beam splitter in the ?Z direction. An optical path of a light beam between a polygon mirror and the f? lens, between the f? lens and the polarization beam splitter, between the polarization beam splitter and the quarter-wave plate, between the quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, between the reflecting mirror and the quarter-wave plate, and between the quarter-wave plate and the polarization beam splitter are in the same plane.

Abstract: An optical scanning system includes a light source, a polygon mirror, a first optical system, a second optical system, and a monitoring device. The light source includes a plurality of light-emitting units. The first optical system is arranged on an optical path of light beams, and guides the light beams from the light source to the polygon mirror. The second optical system guides the light beams deflected by the polygon mirror to a photosensitive drum. The monitoring device monitors light amount of light beams emitted from the light-emitting units. An optical axis of a coupling lens and a cylindrical lens is inclined from a normal of a deflection-reflection surface of the polygon mirror with respect to a sub-scanning direction.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element is a hybrid lens in which a resin layer is joined to a glass-lens base material, and a diffractive surface is provided in the resin layer. The diffractive surface has a multi-step structure including a plurality of zonal surfaces and a plurality of step surfaces.

Abstract: A first optical system couples a light beam from a light source, including a first lens made of glass with a positive power and a second lens made of plastic with a negative power. A second optical system focuses the light beam from the first optical system onto a scanning surface and moves a light spot on the scanning surface in a main-scanning direction. One of an incidence plane and an output plane of the first lens is spherical while the other is spherical or flat. A cross-sectional plane of the second lens along one of the main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction has a non-arc shape on at least one of the incidence plane and the output plane.

Abstract: Each scanning optical system includes a first scanning lens and a second scanning lens through which a light beam is incident onto the first scanning lens. The second scanning lens of each scanning optical system is disposed at the optically most downstream side in the scanning optical system and has an optical plane that has the strongest power in a sub-scanning corresponding direction. In addition, the optical plane of each second scanning lens, which has the strongest power in the sub-scanning corresponding direction, is located under the shaft bearings of neighboring polygon mirrors in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A coupling optical system couples a light beam emitted from a light source that includes a two-dimensional array of light-emitting elements, including a first optical element having a positive power and a second optical element that has a negative power and receives the light beam passed through the first optical element. An incident surface and an output surface of the second optical element are concave. An absolute value of a paraxial curvature radius of the incident surface is larger than that of the output surface. A scanning optical system focuses the light beam that passed through the coupling optical system and deflected by a deflector on the target surface.

Abstract: An optical scanning device which scans a scanned surface by a plurality of light beams in a main-scanning direction includes a light source having a plurality of light-emitting portions which emit the light beams, the light-emitting portions being two-dimensionally arranged in a plane parallel to the main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction orthogonal to the main-scanning direction via arrangement intervals in the main-scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction, a deflector which scans the light beams in the main-scanning direction; and a scanning optical system which images the scanned light beams onto the scanned surface.

Abstract: A zoom lens including, in order from an object side to an image side, a first group having a negative focal length, a second group having a positive focal length, a third group having a negative focal length, a fourth group having a positive focal length, and an aperture stop between the second group and the third group, wherein when changing a magnification from a short focus end to a long focus end, at least the second group monotonically moves from the image side to the object side such that a distance between the first group and the second group decreases, and a distance between the second group and the third group increases, and the third group includes a three-cemented lens having a negative lens, a positive lens and a negative lens in order from the object side.

Abstract: In an optical scanning device, a lateral magnification in a direction corresponding to a sub scanning direction of an optical system is adjusted to be small by a coupling optical system that includes a first lens and a second lens. As a result, scanning by a plurality of light beams can be performed with high precision while avoiding high costs.

Abstract: A coupling optical system couples a light beam emitted from a light source that includes a two-dimensional array of light-emitting elements, including a first optical element having a positive power and a second optical element that has a negative power and receives the light beam passed through the first optical element. An incident surface and an output surface of the second optical element are concave. An absolute value of a paraxial curvature radius of the incident surface is larger than that of the output surface. A scanning optical system focuses the light beam that passed through the coupling optical system and deflected by a deflector on the target surface.

Abstract: A zoom lens including, in order from an object side to an image side, a first group having a negative focal length, a second group having a positive focal length, a third group having a negative focal length, a fourth group having a positive focal length, and an aperture stop between the second group and the third group, wherein when changing a magnification from a short focus end to a long focus end, at least the second group monotonically moves from the image side to the object side such that a distance between the first group and the second group decreases, and a distance between the second group and the third group increases, and the third group includes a three-cemented lens having a negative lens, a positive lens and a negative lens in order from the object side.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition which is excellent in storage stability required for one-part type compositions and in processability required for dry-film formation and gives a cured product suitable for FPC substrates or suspension substrates for hard-disc which each retains essential properties required for solder resists, such as heat resistance, water resistance, and electrical-insulation reliability, and has flexibility and low polluting property. The composition comprises: a compound which has a carbon-carbon double bond and carboxy group and is obtained by allowing a bisphenol type epoxy compound and an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid to react and then allowing a polybasic acid anhydride to undergo addition reaction with part or all of the secondary hydroxy groups of the reaction product; a urethane (meth)acrylate compound having a structure derived from a polycarbonate polyol structure; another polymerizable compound having a carbon-carbon double bond; and a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes: a first substrate having a first surface and including a pixel electrode; a second substrate having a second surface opposing to the first surface, and including a light-shielding film, a thickness adjusting film and a counter electrode arranged in sequence in a direction to the second surface; a sealing material having a frame-shape to bond the first substrate and the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer provided in a region surrounded by the sealing material and between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the thickness adjusting film is provided to cover the light-shielding film to define the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and has a contact hole, wherein the counter electrode is provided to oppose to the pixel electrode, and electrically connected to the light shielding film via the contact hole.

Abstract: P-polarized light beam passing through an f? lens passes through a polarization beam splitter, is converted into S-polarized light beam by a quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, re-enters the polarization beam splitter, and is reflected at the polarization beam splitter in the ?Z direction. An optical path of a light beam between a polygon mirror and the f? lens, between the f? lens and the polarization beam splitter, between the polarization beam splitter and the quarter-wave plate, between the quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, between the reflecting mirror and the quarter-wave plate, and between the quarter-wave plate and the polarization beam splitter are in the same plane.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light deflector that deflects light beams from a light source device and an optical scanning optical system that focuses the light beams deflected by the light deflector on a surface to be scanned, wherein the light beams are made incident on a deflective reflection surface of the light deflector at an angle in a sub-scanning direction with respect to a normal of the deflective reflection surface. The optical scanning optical system has at least one scanning focus lens, and at least one lens surface of the scanning focus lens is a surface, curvature in the sub-scanning direction of which changes according to an image height, and is a surface, curvature in the sub-scanning direction of which on a reference axis of the lens is zero or substantially zero, in order to effectively correct a scanning line curve and deterioration in a wavefront aberration.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source configured to emit light beams, a deflector to deflect the light beams emitted from the light source, a first optical assembly which is positioned upon a light path of the light beams traveling from the light source to the deflector and which forms an image with the light beams emitted from the light source in a sub scanning direction in a vicinity of the deflector, and a second optical assembly to form the image upon a surface to be scanned with the light beams deflected by the deflector. A principal ray of two of the light beams incident to the first optical assembly, which are located at each respective terminus in the sub scanning direction, are set so as to advance so as either to remain mutually parallel to or converge with one another after passing through the first optical assembly.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element is a hybrid lens in which a resin layer is joined to a glass-lens base material, and a diffractive surface is provided in the resin layer. The diffractive surface has a multi-step structure including a plurality of zonal surfaces and a plurality of step surfaces.