Abstract: A heart model includes a main body formed from an elastic material and including a left atrium and a left ventricle, with a mitral valve installed at a boundary portion between the left atrium and the left ventricle; and a vena cava provided in the main body, wherein the mitral valve includes an anterior leaflet and a posterior leaflet, both the leaflets extending to the left ventricle side and capable of opening and closing, and the anterior leaflet and the posterior leaflet are each provided on a tip side with a plurality of string-shaped members extending into the left ventricle.

Abstract: A catheter simulator includes a container capable of accommodating a liquid in an accommodation part surrounded by side walls and a bottom part; a cerebral blood vessel model held in the container in a state of accommodating a liquid; a pump connected to the container and circulating the liquid inside the cerebral blood vessel model held therein; and a holder provided on the side walls of the container and the cerebral blood vessel model and holding the cerebral blood vessel model in a state of having the container filled with the liquid, wherein the holder includes a first holding part holding an end of an ascending aorta of the cerebral blood vessel model, and a second holding part holding an end of a descending aorta of the cerebral blood vessel model.

Abstract: A heart model is retained in a container for a catheter simulator. The container includes an accommodating unit for accommodating a liquid, having side walls and a bottom surface, a connection unit attached to one of the side walls and retaining the heart model, and an installation part provided on one of the side walls. The installation part is configured to insert a catheter from an outside of the container into the simulated blood vessel of the heart model. The connection unit includes a holding protrusion protruding inside the accommodating unit, and a communicating hole. A front end of the holding protrusion is open so that the heart model is detachable from and reattachable to the holding protrusion by inserting and extracting a terminal of the heart model.

Abstract: The present invention is a heart model that is used at the time of performing a simulation of an operation for installing a leadless pacemaker in the inner part or a simulation of a myocardial examination method of collecting myocardial tissue, and is formed by means of a material having elasticity. The heart model has a main body having a right atrium, a right ventricle, a left atrium, and a left ventricle in the inner part; an inferior vena cava provided in the main body and allowing insertion therethrough of a catheter holding a leadless pacemaker; and a holder detachably provided inside the main body and including a flexible part capable of locking a locking part of a leadless pacemaker.

Abstract: An object of the disclosure is to provide a composition for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity of a subject and a method for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity of a subject with the composition. An object of the disclosure is to provide a method for determining the stage of pre-onset diabetes in a subject with pre-onset diabetes using the method for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity. An aspect of the disclosure accordingly provides a composition comprising 13C-labeled glucose for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity of a subject. Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method comprising measuring 13C-labeled glucose in a blood sample or an expired air sample obtained from the subject to which the composition was administered. The desired evaluation or determination can be achieved by comparing the measured value with a reference value.

Abstract: An organ model for a catheter simulator is formed from elastic materials, and a heart model for a catheter simulator includes a main body of heart and coronary arteries laid along the surface of the main body of heart, in which a portion of the coronary arteries is attachable and detachable.

Abstract: An imaging method for a catheter having a heart model, the heart model being installed in a container in a state of having the container filled with a liquid, and being provided with coronary arteries and an aorta. The imaging method includes causing a chemical reaction between an injection agent injected into the coronary arteries through a catheter, and the liquid in the container, and changing the color of the injection agent to the same color as that of the liquid.

Abstract: A heart model is retained in a container for a catheter simulator. The container includes an accommodating unit for accommodating a liquid, having side walls and a bottom surface, a connection unit attached to one of the side walls and retaining the heart model, and an installation part provided on one of the side walls. The installation part is configured to insert a catheter from an outside of the container into the simulated blood vessel of the heart model. The connection unit includes a holding protrusion protruding inside the accommodating unit, and a communicating hole. A front end of the holding protrusion is open so that the heart model is detachable from and reattachable to the holding protrusion by inserting and extracting a terminal of the heart model.

Abstract: A container for a catheter simulator includes an accommodating unit for accommodating a liquid, the accommodating unit being defined by side walls and a bottom face. On the side walls, there are formed connection units capable of retaining any one of the heart models selected from a four-chamber heart model, a coronary artery model, and a Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation model, the heart model being installed in the accommodating unit in a state of having the accommodating unit filled with a liquid; and installation parts for inserting a catheter from the outside of the container into simulated blood vessels of the heart model.

Abstract: An imaging method for a catheter having a heart model, the heart model being installed in a container in a state of having the container filled with a liquid, and being provided with coronary arteries and an aorta. The imaging method includes causing a chemical reaction between an injection agent injected into the coronary arteries through a catheter, and the liquid in the container, and changing the color of the injection agent to the same color as that of the liquid.

Abstract: A catheter simulator (10) of the invention has a container (20) filled with a liquid; an elastic heart model (30) installed in a floating state in the liquid with which the container (20) is filled; and a pump (50) connected to the heart model (30). The pump (50) is connected to an apex section of the heart model and produces a pulsatile flow from the apex section toward an aorta. Coronary arteries (33) provided on the surface of a main body (30A) of the heart model (30), pulsate together with the main body as a result of the pulsatile flow flowing from the pump (50).

Abstract: An aspect of the disclosure provides a method of evaluating the nutriture of a subject, comprising (1) calculating the ratio of the 13CO2 amount to the unlabeled CO2 amount or total CO2 amount in an expired air sample obtained from the subject to which a 13C-labeled amino acid was administered; and (2) comparing the ratio with a reference value to evaluate the nutriture. Another aspect of the disclosure provides a composition comprising a 13C-labeled amino acid for evaluating the nutriture of a subject.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for measuring glucose metabolism ability of a subject and a composition that is suitably used in the method. The method for measuring glucose metabolism ability of the present invention is as follows: a method for measuring glucose metabolism ability of a subject, using a composition for measuring glucose metabolism ability, the composition comprising, as an active ingredient, glucose labeled with at least one isotope of C, wherein the glucose is converted in the body into labeled carbon dioxide that is excreted in expired air, the method comprising steps (a) and (b) below: (a) administering the composition to the subject and collecting expired air; and (b) determining the ratio of labeled CO2 amount to unlabeled CO2 amount or the ratio of labeled CO2 amount to total CO2 amount.

Abstract: An object of the disclosure is to provide a composition for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity of a subject and a method for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity of a subject with the composition. An object of the disclosure is to provide a method for determining the stage of pre-onset diabetes in a subject with pre-onset diabetes using the method for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity. An aspect of the disclosure accordingly provides a composition comprising 13C-labeled glucose for evaluating the hepatic glucose uptake capacity of a subject. Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method comprising measuring 13C-labeled glucose in a blood sample or an expired air sample obtained from the subject to which the composition was administered. The desired evaluation or determination can be achieved by comparing the measured value with a reference value.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for measuring insulin resistance of a test subject, and a composition suitably used for the method. A method for measuring insulin resistance of a test act comprising steps (a) and (b) below, the method using a composition for measuring insulin resistance comprising, as an active ingredient, a C12-38 fatty acid labeled with at least one isotope of C, wherein the C12-38 fatty acid is converted in the body into labeled carbon dioxide that is excreted in expired air, (a) intravenously administering the composition to a test subject and collecting expired air; and (b) determining the ratio of labeled CO2 amount to unlabeled CO2 amount contained in the expired air or the ratio of labeled CO2 amount to total CO2 amount contained in the expired air.

Abstract: A method for measuring energy malnutrition in a liver disease test subject, a method for determining whether a liver disease test subject is in an energy malnutrition state, a method for determining the necessity of nutrition therapy for a liver disease test subject having energy malnutrition, a composition usable in these methods, and the like are provided. The method for measuring energy malnutrition in a liver disease test subject includes the steps of collecting expired air containing labeled carbon dioxide that is generated in the body of a liver disease test subject by being converted from a composition containing, as an active ingredient, glucose labeled with at least one isotope C; and determining the ratio of labeled CO2 amount to unlabeled CO2 amount, or the ratio of labeled CO2 amount to total CO2 amount in expired air.

Abstract: An organ model for a catheter simulator is formed from elastic materials, and a heart model for a catheter simulator includes a main body of heart and coronary arteries laid along the surface of the main body of heart, in which a portion of the coronary arteries is attachable and detachable.

Abstract: A pulsatile flow generating pump for a catheter simulator, which makes it possible to conveniently perform catheter operation training is provided. The pump (10) includes a cylinder (13) provided inside with a piston performing a reciprocating motion; a driving motor (15) causing the piston to perform a reciprocating motion; a link mechanism (19) converting the rotational motion of the driving motor (15) to the reciprocating motion of the piston; an extrusion port (86b), through which a liquid inside the cylinder is extruded to the outside by the piston; a suction port (86a), through which a liquid from the outside is sucked into the cylinder; and a control unit 70 for controlling the rotation of the driving motor 15. The control unit 70 controls the driving motor 15 so as to output pulsatile flows at a rate of 20 times to 200 times per minute.

Abstract: A determiner determines execution of rerouting. A notifier notifies the execution of rerouting if the determiner determines the execution of rerouting. A searcher executes a rerouting search if the determiner determines the execution of rerouting. A measurer measures the distance by which a navigation device has moved along a guide route, which is a result of the rerouting search by the searcher. In a case in which the determiner determines execution of next rerouting, the notifier notifies the execution of rerouting if the measured distance is longer than a threshold value and does not notify the execution of rerouting if the measured distance is smaller than or equal to the threshold value.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring and evaluating rapidly and with high accuracy a subject's glucose metabolism. The method uses a labeled C-breath test and a composition that is suitably used in the method. The composition contains as active ingredient glucose labeled with at least one isotope of C, wherein the glucose is converted in the subject to labeled carbon dioxide that is excreted in expired air. This method also allows for the determination of a stage of a patient in whom diabetes has developed as well as for a stage before the onset of diabetes, and monitors the state (diabetes condition including a state before onset of diabetes) over time.