Abstract: An alloy member includes a base member constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, a chromium oxide layer for covering at least a portion of a surface of the base member, a pore that is formed in an interface region of the base member that is located 30 ?m or less from an interface between the chromium oxide layer and the base member, and an extending portion extending from the pore into the base member. The pore is configured to inhibit the separation of the chromium oxide layer from the base member The extending portion contains an oxide of an element whose equilibrium oxygen pressure is lower than that of a major element of the base member.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell has an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The cathode contains a main phase which is configured by a perovskite oxide expressed by the general formula ABO3 and including at least one of La or Sr at the A site, and a second phase which is configured by Co3O4 and (Co, Fe)3O4. An occupied surface area ratio of the second phase in a cross section of the cathode is less than or equal to 10.5%.

Abstract: The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode active layer, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode active layer. The cathode active layer includes a first region which is disposed facing the solid electrolyte layer, and a second region which is disposed on the first region. An average particle diameter of first constituent particles which constitute the first region is smaller than an average particle diameter of second constituent particles which constitute the second region.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ceramic member includes a mark process for forming a mark indicating information about a ceramic green body on the ceramic green body by using a mark material capable of being erased by a predetermined heat treatment; and a heat treatment process for erasing the mark by applying the ceramic green body to the predetermined heat treatment.

Abstract: A solid alkaline fuel cell has a cathode that is supplied with an oxidant which contains oxygen, an anode that is supplied with a fuel which contains hydrogen atoms, and an inorganic solid electrolyte that is disposed between the anode and the cathode and that exhibits a hydroxide ion conductivity. The inorganic solid electrolyte enables the permeation of water of greater than or equal to 80 ?g/min·cm2 and less than or equal to 5400 ?g/min·cm2 per unit surface area of a cathode-side surface.

Abstract: In a cell stack, each of the plurality of the electrochemical cells includes an alloy member, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer. The alloy member includes a base member constituted by an alloy material containing chromium, a coating film that covers at least a part of a surface of the base member, and a separation inhibiting portion that inhibits the coating film from separating from the base member. The number of the separation inhibiting portions included in the alloy member of the central electrochemical cell is larger than the number of the separation inhibiting portions included in the alloy member of the end electrochemical cell.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an electrochemical cell, an oxidizer gas supply portion, and a first contaminant trap portion. The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer provided between the fuel cell and the cathode. The oxidizer gas supply portion includes an oxidizer gas supply port for supplying oxidizer gas to the cathode. The first contaminant trap portion is provided between the cathode and the oxidizer gas supply port and configured to adsorb contaminants contained in the oxidizer gas. At least part of the first contaminant trap portion is disposed 20 mm or less from the oxidizer gas supply port in a gas supply direction in which the oxidizer gas is supplied from the oxidizer gas supply port.

Abstract: A fuel cell device includes an electrochemical cell, an oxidizer gas supply portion, and a contaminant trap portion. An oxidizer gas supply portion has an oxidizer gas supply port for supplying an oxidizer gas to the cathode. A contaminant trap portion is disposed on a portion of the cathode on the side with the oxidizer gas supply port and exhibits oxygen ion conductivity and electron conductivity.

Abstract: A fuel cell has an anode, a cathode active portion that exhibits oxygen ion conductivity and electron conductivity, a cathode current collecting portion that is disposed on the cathode active portion and that exhibits a higher electron conductivity than the cathode active portion, and a contaminant trap portion that is disposed on the cathode current collecting portion and exhibits oxygen ion conductivity and electron conductivity.

Abstract: A joining structure includes a first bonded member and a glass portion that is bonded to a surface of the first bonded member. The glass portion includes an interface region not exceeding 5 ?m of the surface of the first bonded member, and an inner region more than 5 ?m from the surface of the first bonded member. The interface region and inner region respectively include rod-shaped crystal particles that have three or more aspect ratios when viewed in cross section. An average orientation angle of the rod-shaped crystal particles included in the interface region is greater than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 120 degrees. A standard deviation of the orientation angle of the rod-shaped crystal particles included in the inner region is greater than a standard deviation of the orientation angle of the rod-shaped crystal particles included in the interface region.

Abstract: A manifold includes a first manifold main body and a second manifold main body. The first manifold main body includes a first gas chamber configured to communicate with a first gas channel. The second manifold main body includes a second gas chamber configured to communicate with a second gas channel. The second manifold main body is disposed in the first manifold main body.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a center portion and an outer peripheral portion, the center portion being located at a center of the air electrode in a plane direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the air electrode, the outer peripheral portion surrounding the center portion in the plane direction. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the outer peripheral portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the center portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a porous support substrate and a power generation element portion. The support substrate includes a first end portion that is linked to a gas supply chamber and a gas collection portion, and a second end portion that is located opposite to the first end portion. The support substrate includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel extends from the first end portion toward the second end portion. The first gas channel is connected to the gas supply chamber. The second gas channel is connected to the first gas channel on the second end portion side. The second gas channel extends from the second end portion toward the first end portion. The second gas channel is connected to the gas collection chamber.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes a cathode including a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the formula ABO3, an anode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode includes phosphorus, chromium and boron, a content amount of the phosphorus in the cathode is at least 10 ppm and no more than 50 ppm, a content amount of the chromium in the cathode is at least 50 ppm and no more than 500 ppm, and a content amount of the boron in the cathode is at least 5 ppm and no more than 50 ppm.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an electrochemical cell and a manifold supporting a base end of the electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes an electric insulative support substrate and a plurality of power generation units disposed on the support substrate. Additionally, a gas flow path is provided in the support substrate. Each of the plurality of power generation units includes an anode, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. Additionally, the solid electrolyte layer contains a zirconia-based material as a main component thereof. In a distal end side power generation unit, which is farthest from the manifold among the plurality of power generation units, the solid electrolyte layer includes a first area covering within 3 ?m from an anode side surface, and a second area provided on the first area.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack according to a second aspect of the present invention includes an electrochemical cell and a manifold supporting a base end of the electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes an electric conductive support substrate and a power generation unit disposed on the support substrate. Additionally, a gas flow path is provided in the support substrate. The power generation unit includes an anode disposed on a first main surface of the support substrate, a cathode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. Additionally, the solid electrolyte layer contains a zirconia-based material as a main component thereof. The solid electrolyte layer includes a base end portion positioned on a side of the base end and a separated portion positioned separated from the base end. The base end portion includes a first area covering within 3 ?m from an anode side surface, and a second area provided on the first area.

Abstract: A joining structure includes a first bonded member and a glass portion that is bonded to a surface of the first bonded member. The glass portion includes an interface region not exceeding 5 ?m of the surface of the first bonded member, and an inner region more than 5 ?m from the surface of the first bonded member. The interface region and inner region respectively include rod-shaped crystal particles that have three or more aspect ratios when viewed in cross section. An average orientation angle of the rod-shaped crystal particles included in the interface region is greater than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 120 degrees. A standard deviation of the orientation angle of the rod-shaped crystal particles included in the inner region is greater than a standard deviation of the orientation angle of the rod-shaped crystal particles included in the interface region.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at an A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on a side opposite to the solid electrolyte layer, the second portion being located on the solid electrolyte layer side. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a center portion and an outer peripheral portion, the center portion being located at a center of the air electrode in a plane direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the air electrode, the outer peripheral portion surrounding the center portion in the plane direction. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the outer peripheral portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the center portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode containing a perovskite type oxide as a main component, the perovskite type oxide being represented by a general formula ABO3 and containing La and Sr at the A site, and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being located on the most upstream side in a flow direction of an oxidant gas that flows through a surface of the air electrode, the second portion being located on the most downstream side in the flow direction. A first ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the first portion through Auger electron spectroscopy is at least 1.1 times a second ratio of an La concentration to an Sr concentration detected at the second portion through Auger electron spectroscopy.