Abstract: A nonpolar III-nitride film grown on a miscut angle of a substrate, in order to suppress the surface undulations, is provided. The surface morphology of the film is improved with a miscut angle towards an a-axis direction comprising a 0.15° or greater miscut angle towards the a-axis direction and a less than 30° miscut angle towards the a-axis direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, an exposure device, and a developing device. A sensor detects a toner image formed by the developing device to output density information, and a supply device supplies developer to the developing device. In addition, a controller controls the supply device on the basis of a detection result of a supply control toner image formed by the exposure device, a storing portion stores the detection result, and an exchange detecting portion detects information for discriminating exchange of the photosensitive member and the developing device. When the developing device is not exchanged but the photosensitive member is exchanged, the controller executes an operation in a mode in which the controller adjusts an exposure condition for forming the supply control toner image by the exposure device after exchange of the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient electrical storage device that uses a fiber positive electrode and a fiber negative electrode and in which lithium ion is used as an intercalating species, and to provide a method of fabricating the electrical storage device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fracturing fluid with a high level of safety, excellent dispersion stability of a fluid and a fracture support material, and a short-term degradability, and an injection material for fracturing to be contained in the fracturing fluid. The injection material for fracturing includes a resin composition at least containing a hydrolyzable or biodegradable resin and a starch. The fracturing fluid includes the injection material for fracturing, a support material with an average particle size of from 0.1 to 3 mm, and water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic annealing apparatus including a processing container that performs a magnetic annealing processing on a plurality of substrates accommodated therein in a magnetic field; a substrate holder that holds the plurality of substrates substantially horizontally in the processing container; a division heater including a plurality of sub-division heaters and covering a substantially entire circumferential surface of an outer periphery of a predetermined region of the processing container along a longitudinal direction; a magnet installed to cover an outside of the division heater; and a controller configured to feedback-control a temperature of a predetermined control target heater among the plurality of sub-division heaters, and to control temperatures of the plurality of sub-division heaters other than the predetermined control target heater based on a control output obtained by multiplying a control output of the predetermined control target heater and a predetermined ratio.

Abstract: A mode is executed so that a lubricant applying member is rotated based on an image formation start signal, and thereafter a rotation drive of an image bearing member is started.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a developing portion to develop an electrostatic image on the photosensitive member, and a sensor to detect a toner image formed by the developing portion to output density information depending on a toner amount per unit area. A controller controls a supply of developer on the basis of a detection result of a supply control toner image. The controller adjusts an exposure condition for forming the supply control toner image by the exposure portion after exchange of the photosensitive member on the basis of first information and second information. The first information is a detection result when a first control toner image, formed before an exchange of the photosensitive member, is detected by the sensor, and the second information is a detection result when a second control toner image, formed after the exchange of the photosensitive member, is detected by the sensor.

Abstract: An image forming unit forms a plurality of measurement images based on a plurality of process conditions. A measurement unit measures the density of each of the plurality of measurement images. A determination unit uses a first determination mode or a second determination mode. In the first determination mode, a process condition is determined from a first measurement result higher than target density and a second measurement result lower than the target density, from among a plurality of measurement results. In the second determination mode, the process condition is determined from measurement results lower than the target density.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrostatic chuck comprises a mount plate, a first layer, and a second layer. The first layer includes a heater. The second layer is provided between the mount plate and the first layer. The second layer transmits heat from the heater to the mount plate. The second layer includes a compressive attachment portion. The compressive attachment portion is formed at the outer edge. The face on the mount plate side of the compressive attachment portion is compressed and attached to the mount plate. The face on the first layer side of the compressive attachment portion is compressed and attached to the first layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods, apparatuses, devices, and/or systems for data copyright management are described. According to one embodiment of this disclosure, data copyright management may include displaying, storing, copying, editing, and/or transferring digital data. According to an embodiment, data copyright management may include protecting digital data copyrights. Various embodiments of this disclosure may use cryptographic keys to implement portions of the data copyright management disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cobalamin acquisition protein, compositions containing the cobalamin acquisition protein, and the use of such compositions.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a gas supply member is provided with a gas supply passage including a gas flow channel with a first diameter, and an exhaust port connected to one end portion of the gas flow channel and provided to a surface of a downstream side of the gas supply member. An yttria-containing film is formed on a surface constituting the exhaust port and the surface of the downstream side of the gas supply member. At least a part of the surface constituting the exhaust port is formed with a curved surface.

Abstract: A method for depositing a layer has a step of repeatedly performing a unit deposition process until the layer on a deposition target reaches a predetermined thickness. The unit deposition process includes (A) a step of placing the deposition target in a chamber, (B) a step of providing a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere or a vacuum atmosphere in the chamber, (C) depositing the layer on the deposition target by a cold spray process in the non-oxidizing gas atmosphere or the vacuum atmosphere, and (D) heat treating the deposition target after the depositing.

Abstract: An image of a folder linked to one program is displayed on a display section by a simpler operation than a conventional operation. A control section displays a program icon image on a display section, the program icon image being an image associated with a program, and being an image causing processing related to the program to be performed in response to reception of a predetermined operation on the image. The control section changes the program icon image displayed on the display section and associated with the program to a folder corresponding image in response to reception of an instruction to generate a folder linked to the program, the folder corresponding image being an image associated with the folder linked to the program, and being an image causing the program corresponding image associated with the program linked to the folder to be displayed on the display section in response to reception of the predetermined operation on the image.

Abstract: Stringers without fastener tape have continuous fastener elements and have element fixing members wherein the fastener elements are sewn together by a sewing thread. The element fixing members are inserted between upper and lower leg sections of the fastener elements. The sewing thread comes in contact with and straddles the upper and lower leg sections of each fastener element and pierces the element fixing members between the fastener elements. As a result of such stringers without fastener tape, the fastener elements can be held and the weight and cost of an article with a slide fastener can be reduced.

Abstract: A method for depositing a layer has a step of repeatedly performing a unit deposition process until the layer on a deposition target reaches a predetermined thickness. The unit deposition process includes (A) a step of depositing the layer on the deposition target by a cold spray process while the deposition target is heated by a heater and (B) a step of heat treating the deposition target after said depositing.

Abstract: A film growing method includes: (A) attaching wall members to ends of a film grown surface of a base material; (B) growing a film on the film grown surface by a cold spray method; and (C) removing the wall members after a thickness of the grown film on the film grown surface becomes equal to a desired film thickness. It can be prevented that the side ends of the grown film are formed in a slope when a thick film is to be grown by using the cold spray.

Abstract: An image forming unit forms an electrostatic latent image on an image carrier based on image data converted by a conversion unit, and the image is developed by a developing portion using toner. A replenishment control unit controls an amount of the toner with which the developing portion is replenished based on a toner density in the developing portion so that the toner density in the developing portion reaches a target density. A first determination unit determines a target density based on a result of a first measurement image being measured. A correction unit corrects conversion conditions based on a result of measuring a second measurement image and a correction condition. A second determination unit determines the correction condition based on the target density determined by the first determination unit.

Abstract: A liquid level detection device at least includes a heating member that heats a container, a temperature measurement element disposed on a side of the heating member opposite to the container, a thermal conductor disposed between the heating member and the container, an elastic body that presses the heating member with a certain amount of force, a terminals for supplying power to the heating member, a fixture that covers the heating member, the temperature measurement element, the thermal conductor, the elastic body and the terminals and mount those on the container, wherein the heating member does not come into contact with the terminals when at least one of the thermal conductor and the fixture is inappropriately mounted on a container.

Abstract: If the number of frames in a GOP of an input stream is not less than 15, the GOP is determined as a control unit time. If the number of frames in the GOP is less than 15, the following GOP is connected thereto until the number of frames becomes not less than 15 and the connected GOPs are determined as a control unit time. After correcting the control unit time, the average input bit rate Sn in each control unit time is obtained, and by using information on the input stream including the average input bit rate Sn, a quantization step value of an output stream is calculated.