Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is made up of a TFT substrate, an opposed substrate and a liquid crystal layer arranged between these substrates, in which the TFT substrate is provided with gate lines, data lines and TFT on its transparent insulative substrate, in addition, a passivation film is provided so as to cover them. Color filter is provided on the passivation film, and black matrix is provided at corresponding area to above part of the TFT and to above part of the data line on the color filter. In addition, a first overcoat layer with film thickness of degree of 1 to 3 &mgr;m is provided so as to cover the black matrix. Further, a second overcoat layer with film thickness of approximate 0.5 &mgr;m is provided at the whole surface except for a contact hole. Furthermore, a pixel electrode is provided on pixel formation area on the second overcoat layer.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device comprising a first substrate 101 having a color filter, a second substrate 131 and a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween, a color filter layer 110 is disposed on a protection film 108 of a thin film transistor formed on the first substrate 101 so as to be partitioned by a light shielding portion 111, and a common electrode 103 is disposed thereon. A pixel electrode to be connected to a source electrode 107 is disposed through a through hole formed in an overcoat layer (interlayer separation film) 112. On the first substrate below the color filter layer 110 are provided plural scan signal electrodes, plural video signal electrodes crossing the scan signal electrodes in a matrix form, plural thin film transistors formed in association with the crossing points between the electrodes.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display device including: a switching device having a first electrode formed on a place near a crossing part of a scanning line with a signal line and connected to the scanning line to become a gate, a second electrode connected to the signal line to become a drain or a source, a third electrode connected to the pixel electrode to become the source or the drain and switching the display signal to feed the corresponding pixel electrode by the scanning signal; an electrode for an auxiliary capacitor, located in a place opposite to the pixel electrode to define the auxiliary capacitor; wherein in a same pixel, the second and third electrodes are formed in a layer different from the first electrode through a first insulation film, the pixel electrode is formed in top of the first, second, and third electrodes through a second insulation film, the electrode for an auxiliary capacitor, is formed in the same layer as the first electrode and is electrically connected to the adjacent

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device which has color filters disposed on a TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) substrate, and which reduces the effect of light leakage regions over data lines for an increased viewing angle. The liquid crystal display device has the data lines disposed on the TFT substrate at respective gaps between adjacent two of pixel electrodes, for supplying data signals to TFTs to drive pixel electrodes, and a black matrix disposed on the TFT substrate in association with the data lines for blocking light passing in a predetermined viewing angle range through a light leakage region created in the liquid crystal layer depending on a potential difference between adjacent two of the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: An LCD including a pair of transparent dielectric substrates, liquid crystal sandwiched between the transparent dielectric substrates; a TFT formed overlying the first transparent dielectric substrate, a first dielectric film made of non-photosensitive resin and a second dielectric film made of photosensitive resin which cover the inner side surface of a through-hole formed in the first and the second dielectric films. The yield and the reliability of the LCD are elevated because of the smooth shape of the second dielectric film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel comprises a TFT substrate unit having a thin film transistor (TFT), a control electrode connected to the TFT, a flattening film covers the control electrode, and a pixel electrode having a cross slit and formed on the flattening film and insulated from the control electrode. An opposite substrate unit has an opposite electrode facing the pixel electrode at predetermined space. A liquid crystal layer disposed between the TFT substrate unit and the opposite substrate and includes liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric aeolotropy. When voltage is supplied between the control electrode and the opposite electrode, an electric field is generated between them. The electric field divides the liquid crystal layer into four domains in each pixel according to the cross slit formed in the pixel electrode.

Abstract: First and second transparent substrates which are arranged to face each other are provided to a color liquid crystal display panel. A liquid crystal layer is provided between the first and the second transparent substrates, A plurality of thin film transistors are provided on the first transparent substrate. An insulation film provided on the first transparent substrate so as to cover the thin film transistors. A color filter which includes first to third color layers stacked on the insulation layer is provided. A contacting color layer is provided on the insulation film in a region above the thin film transistors. The contacting color layer has at least one color layer selected from a group of composed of the first to third color layers. A black matrix is provided on the contacting color layer. The black matrix has opening portions for transmitting light from the color filter.

Abstract: In an orientation division type liquid crystal display device for widen a viewing angle of a display pixel of an active matrix type liquid crystal color display device having a COT structure, pixel color layers (6B, 6R, 6G) as color filters and pixel electrodes 3 are formed on a substrate on the side of the pixel electrodes and slopes 13 are provided along four side peripheries of each pixel electrode. Liquid crystal molecules 8 between each pixel electrode of the pixel electrode substrate and a common electrode of an opposing substrate are controlled in orientation direction along the slopes to divide it to a plurality of directions to thereby widen a viewing angle of a pixel display.

Abstract: In a color liquid crystal display, a shading film including a first filter formed from a red resist film, a second filter formed from a blue resist film laminated on the first filter and a third filter formed from a green resist film laminated on the first filter and the second filter is formed on a TFT substrate. Therefore, increment of an optical leak in the TFT is restricted when the shading film is formed by laminating plural filters to be a color filter.

Abstract: A VA (Vertical Aligned) type active-matrix liquid crystal display capable of stabilizing a boundary position between divided areas (alignment areas). The liquid crystal display comprises a TFT (thin film transistor) substrate including a pixel electrode provided for each pixel and a driving element such as a TFT provided for each pixel electrode, an opposite substrate disposed opposite to the TFT substrate and including an opposite electrode, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the opposite substrate. Each pixel electrode has a recess in groove shape formed therein. The pixel electrode preferably has a generally rectangular shape. The recess is provided such that it extends from one of a pair of opposite sides of the pixel electrode to the other to divide the pixel electrode into two parts.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device for applying between electrodes lateral electric field in parallel to a substrate to control liquid crystal disposed between first and second substrates, when a rubbing treatment is conducted on an orientation film (15) on a first substrate having gate bus lines (7) and drain bus lines (8), active elements (9) arranged in a matrix form in correspondence with the respective intersection points of the gate and drain bus lines (7, 8), and a common electrode 11 and a pixel electrode 12 which are provided in an interdigital arrangement in each unit pixel portion, the rubbing treatment is conducted twice so that a first rubbing direction (13) set in the first rubbing step is opposite to a second rubbing direction (14) set in the second rubbing step by 180 degrees.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device in which a polarizer is adhered to a transparent glass substrate via an adhesive material, electrically conductive particles are dispersed into and held by an acrylic resin, and the ratio by weight of the electrically conductive particles to the acrylic resin is adjusted to fall in the range from 50% to 80%, so that the resistance value of the adhesive material is in the range from 1.times.10.sup.3 to 1.times.10.sup.6 .OMEGA./.quadrature..

Abstract: The invention provides a device to be used for a liquid crystal display including (a) a pair of substrates A and B facing to each other, (b) a plurality of electrodes formed in electrical connection with the substrate A, (c) sealing material for adhesively connecting the substrates A and B at margins thereof to each other so that the substrates A and B are spaced away from each other, (d) liquid crystal filled in a space formed between the substrates A and B, and (e) black matrix formed on the substrate B. The black matrix is formed with at least one opening so that the sealing material can make direct contact with a surface of said substrate B, the opening having a width smaller than a width of the electrodes.

Abstract: A case nitrided aluminum product is produced by contacting an aluminum product with a nitriding agent at a part of a surface thereof at least, and by nitriding the aluminum product at the surface with an ambient gas at a temperature of a melting point of the aluminum product or less while keeping the aforementioned contact. The nitriding agent includes an aluminum powder, and the ambient gas virtually includes a nitrogen gas. The resulting nitriding layer has a depth of 5 micrometers or more, and it exhibits a case hardness of from 250 to 1,200 mHv. Thus, it is possible to form the deep and hard nitriding layer on the aluminum product with ease under the conditions where it has been said to be too difficult to nitride aluminum products. The case nitrided aluminum product can appropriately make sliding parts which require high wear resistance.

Abstract: A case nitrided aluminum product is produced by contacting an aluminum product with a nitriding agent at a part of a surface thereof at least, and by nitriding the aluminum product at the surface with an ambient gas at a temperature of a melting point of the aluminum product or less while keeping the aforementioned contact. The nitriding agent includes an aluminum powder, and the ambient gas virtually includes a nitrogen gas. The resulting nitriding layer has a depth of 5 micrometers or more, and it exhibits a case hardness of from 250 to 1,200 mHv. Thus, it is possible to form the deep and hard nitriding layer on the aluminum product with ease under the conditions where it has been said to be too difficult to nitride aluminum products. The case nitrided aluminum product can appropriately make sliding parts which require high wear resistance.

Abstract: A case nitrided aluminum product is produced by contacting an aluminum product with a nitriding agent at a part of a surface thereof at least, and by nitriding the aluminum product at the surface with an ambient gas at a temperature of a melting point of the aluminum product or less while keeping the aforementioned contact. The nitriding agent includes an aluminum powder, and the ambient gas virtually includes a nitrogen gas. The resulting nitriding layer has a depth of 5 micrometers or more, and it exhibits a case hardness of from 250 to 1,200 mHv. Thus, it is possible to form the deep and hard nitriding layer on the aluminum product with ease under the conditions where it has been said to be too difficult to nitride aluminum products. The case nitrided aluminum product can appropriately make sliding parts which require high wear resistance.

Abstract: A method of forming a metallic composite product having a specific gravity no greater than 1.8 and a thermal expansion no greater than 16.times.10.sup.-6 .degree. C. in a preheated mold. The portion of the mold between a cavity and the gate has a stainless steel wire gauge for retaining particles. The mold is filled with screened fly ash, glass, hollow spheres having a particle size in the range of 50 to 200 micrometers and a globularness of at least 90%, which has been preheated to the same temperature as the mold. Molten aluminum alloy is injected into the mold at a pressure in the range of from 40 to 80 kgf cm.sup.2 at the gate and at a flow velocity in the range of 0.08 to 0.20 m/second.

Abstract: A carbon fiber reinforced carbon of the present invention is composed of a sintered body comprising precursor carbonaceous fiber and self-sintering carbonaceous powder with the precursor carbonaceous fiber buried therein. Since the precursor carbonaceous fiber working as a reinforcement and the self-sintering carbonaceous powder working as a binder come to have substantially the same physical properties (strength, shrinkage rate and the like), the boudary adhesion between them improves, thereby giving the sintered body high strength and excellent abrasion resistance. When the precursor carbonaceous fiber is subjected to a surface treatment using a viscous material, the wettability of the surface of the precursor carbonaceous fiber increases, thereby further improving the boundary adhesion between the precursor carbonaceous fiber and the self-sintering precursor carbonaceous powder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sliding member having a predetermined shape and including: a sintered body obtained by sintering a composite body including: preliminary carbonized carbonaceous fiber; inorganic powder or inorganic fiber; and self-sintering carbonaceous powder with the preliminarily carbonized carbonaceous fiber and the inorganic powder or the inorganic fiber buried therein. The sliding member has a high and stable friction coefficient (.mu.), high strength, excellent abrasion resistance, and is manufacturable at a low cost. Further, the friction coefficient (.mu.) and the other properties of the sliding member can be controlled depending on an application of a sliding member by selecting an optimum inorganic powder or inorganic fiber. Particularly, when boron compound powder is selected as the inorganic powder, the friction coefficient (.mu.) of the sliding member can be suppressed to 0.15 or less, and the load at seizure thereof can be improved to 100 kgf/cm.sup.2 or more.