Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element including an organic layer including a light-emitting layer disposed between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer contains at least one hole transporting light-emitting material and at least one electron-transporting host material, and a concentration of the hole transporting light-emitting material in the light-emitting layer decreases from an anode side toward a cathode side.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element including an organic layer including at least a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises at least two hole transporting materials and an electron transporting host material, with at least one of the hole transporting materials being a hole transporting light-emitting material, and a total concentration of the at least two hole transporting materials in the light-emitting layer decreases from an anode side toward a cathode side.

Abstract: There is provided an organic electroluminescent device 10 having an anode 14, a cathode 18 disposed facing the anode, and an organic layer 16 that is sandwiched between the anode and the cathode and that includes at least a light emitting layer, wherein the light emitting layer includes a light emitting material having hole transportability, a host material having electron transportability and an electrically inert material, and the concentration of the light emitting material having hole transportability gradually increases from the cathode side toward the anode side. Preferably, the concentration of the electrically inert material also gradually increases from the cathode side toward the anode side.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic electroluminescence element having at least a light-emitting layer disposed between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer includes at least two electron transporting materials and a hole transporting host material, with at least one of the electron transporting materials being an electron transporting light-emitting material, and a total concentration of the at least two electron transporting materials in the light-emitting layer decreases from a cathode side toward an anode side.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element is disclosed, which includes at least one organic compound layer including a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer contains a host material, a light-emitting material and a phosphine oxide compound. An organic electroluminescence element exhibiting high light-emission efficiency and having excellent drive durability is provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element having at least one organic layer including a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein the organic electroluminescence element has an electron transport layer containing a phosphine oxide compound and an electron transport layer that does not substantially contain the phosphine oxide compound between the light-emitting layer and a cathode, the electron transport layer containing the phosphine oxide compound is nearer to the cathode, and the electron transport layer that does not substantially contain the phosphine oxide compound is nearer to the light-emitting layer. An organic EL element that exhibits high light-emission efficiency and is excellent in drive durability is provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element having at least a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer is divided into at least 3 unit light emitting layers in the thickness direction thereof, and at least 2 intermediate layers containing an electron-blocking material between the divided light emitting layers, wherein an electron-blocking capacity of the intermediate layer is highest in the intermediate layer disposed closer to the anode, and lowest in the intermediate layer disposed closer to the cathode. An organic EL element having high external quantum efficiency and driving durability is provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element includes at least a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer is divided into at least three layers, an intermediate layer containing an electron blocking material or a hole blocking material is disposed between the divided light-emitting layers, an Ea value of the electron blocking material is smaller than an Ea value of a host material of the divided light-emitting layer adjacent on a cathode side or an Ip value of the hole blocking material is larger than an Ip value of a host material of the divided light-emitting layer adjacent on the anode side of the intermediate layer, and a difference of ?Ea or ?Ip is controlled to specific range.

Abstract: In an organic EL element, a light-emitting layer is divided into at least three layers in a thickness direction including a light-emitting layer A close to an anode, a light-emitting layer C close to a cathode and a light-emitting layer B between the light-emitting layers A and C, wherein in one embodiment a thickness (a) of the light-emitting layer A, a thickness (c) of the light-emitting layer C and a thickness (b) of the light-emitting layer B satisfy the relationship of a<b<c, and an intermediate layer containing an electron blocking material is disposed between the divided light-emitting layers; and in another embodiment, the relationship of a>b>c is satisfied, and an intermediate layer containing a hole blocking material is disposed between the divided light-emitting layers.

Abstract: A light emitting device is provided which has at least a light emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light emitting layer is divided into plural layers in the thickness direction thereof, and an intermediate layer containing at least one of a charge transport material or a light emitting material is positioned between each of the divided layers of the light emitting layer. A light emitting device having a high external quantum efficiency is provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device including an organic layer including at least a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein a light-emitting plane of the organic electroluminescence device comprises at least two light-emitting areas having light emission colors that are different from each other, of which one is a first light-emitting area emitting a light of a first color and another is a second light-emitting area emitting a light of a second color, wherein the second light-emitting area has a composition that is the same as that of the first light-emitting area and is denatured to the second light-emitting area by heating. An organic electroluminescence device and a producing method thereof having excellent production feasibility are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic electroluminescent device having high luminous efficiency, being able to drive at a low voltage and being excellent in driving durability including, between an anode and cathode, a luminescent layer containing a luminescent material, an electron-transport layer (ETL1) and an organic thin film layer (ETL2) in this order from the anode side, wherein the organic thin film layer (ETL2) contains an electron-transport material and has a thickness of 0.01 to 3 nm, and the ratio (ETL1/ETL2) of the thickness of the electron-transport layer (ETL1) to the thickness of the organic thin film layer (ETL2) is in the range of 5 to 500.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided an organic electroluminescent element including, between a pair of electrodes, a plurality of layers including at least one light-emitting layer, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers contains a main component and an accessory component (dopant), and a volume ratio of the main component to the accessory component varies in proportion to a distance from an electrode terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lens-fitted photographic film unit containing a roll of unexposed photographic film. The lens-fitted photo film unit uses a specific battery of a different size or shape from conventional standardized batteries. A hollow protrusion is formed in a battery holding room. A hollow of the hollow protrusion joins with a dark room for the photographic film. If the hollow protrusion is cut away with the intention to put a conventional battery in the battery holding room, the light-tightness of the dark room is destroyed. When a cartridge chamber bottom lid is opened to remove a film cartridge, an interconnection lever transmits the opening movement of the lid to a sliding plate. Then the sliding plate turns a charge switch of a flash circuit ON, and locks the charge switch in the ON position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lens-fitted photographic film unit containing a roll of unexposed photographic film. The lens-fitted photo film unit uses a specific battery of a different size or shape from conventional standardized batteries. A hollow protrusion is formed in a battery holding room. A hollow of the hollow protrusion joins with a dark room for the photographic film. If the hollow protrusion is cut away with the intention to put a conventional battery in the battery holding room, the light-tightness of the dark room is destroyed. When a cartridge chamber bottom lid is opened to remove a film cartridge, an interconnection lever transmits the opening movement of the lid to a sliding plate. Then the sliding plate turns a charge switch of a flash circuit ON, and locks the charge switch in the ON position.

Abstract: An intensity of a flashlight projected from a flashlight projector is at the maximum outside a photographic area. A plate protuberance is formed in a center of an inner face of a protector. A part of the flashlight emitted from a flash tube is reflected on upper and lower faces of the plate protuberance so as to tend into the outside of the photographic area. The intensity of the flashlight emitted into a center of the photographic area is deflected on a wedge of an end of a plate protuberance. Thus, distribution pattern of the flashlight is changed by the plate protuberance, and the intensity of the flashlight becomes 1.0-1.5 LV smaller in the center of the photographic area than on upper and lower limits thereof. A main subject in a smaller distance is not overexposed, and a background in a larger distance is not underexposed.

Abstract: An intensity of a flashlight projected from a flashlight projector is at the maximum outside a photographic area. A plate protuberance is formed in a center of an inner face of a protector. A part of the flashlight emitted from a flash tube is reflected on upper and lower faces of the plate protuberance so as to tend into the outside of the photographic area. The intensity of the flashlight emitted into a center of the photographic area is deflected on a wedge of an end of a plate protuberance. Thus, distribution pattern of the flashlight is changed by the plate protuberance, and the intensity of the flashlight becomes 1.0-1.5 LV smaller in the center of the photographic area than on upper and lower limits thereof. A main subject in a smaller distance is not overexposed, and a background in a larger distance is not underexposed.

Abstract: An electronic flash device for a camera includes a flash emitting component, substantially quadrilateral, having vertical and horizontal side lines, for emitting flash light. A light reducing plate is disposed in front of the flash emitting component, extended in a vertical direction, and has a predetermined width in a horizontal direction. The predetermined width is shorter than the horizontal side lines. The light reducing plate intercepts a central portion of the flash emitting component. First and second lateral portions of the flash emitting component remain uncovered for illumination with a restricted amount of the flash light.

Abstract: A flash device has a flash discharge tube for emitting flash light in response to occurrence of trigger current. A reflector has electrical conductivity, transmits the trigger current to flash discharge tube, and reflects the flash light toward a photographic field in a predetermined illuminating pattern. The reflector includes a peripheral reflective portion and lateral portions. The peripheral reflective portion is curved to cover a rear, a top and a bottom of the flash discharge tube. The lateral portions are disposed on ends of the peripheral reflective portion in a longitudinal direction of the flash device. A trigger segment transmits the trigger current to the reflector. The trigger segment is disposed to push an outer face of the lateral portions for electrical connection with the reflector, to stabilize orientation of the reflector for avoiding changes in the predetermined illuminating pattern.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photographic film unit is provided with a motor for rotating a spool to wind up photographic film one frame after each exposure. The motor is supplied with a single cell which may be commonly used for charging a flash unit. The rotational movement of the motor is transmitted to the spool through a speed-reduction gear mechanism which reduces the rotational speed at ratios between 100:1 and 280:1. The motor and the gear mechanism are removably mounted in a frame as a motor unit, and the motor unit is removably attached to a main body of the film unit beside a take-up chamber. Forwardly convex contacting portions are exposed to a front portion of the motor unit. The cell is mounted between contact plates having forwardly convex contacting portions. A motor drive switch for controlling start and stop of the motor also has forwardly convex contacting portions exposed to a front side thereof.