Abstract: A damper is provided by a plurality of chambers defined between stacked thin sheet members and containing a fluid for flowing therein through a communicating section, the chambers being made to be of a small height in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the sheet members and to form a buffer section with at least one of the chambers. With such damper employed in electromagnet assemblies and eventually relays including the assemblies, they can be sufficiently minimized in size, and their manufacture can be also made extremely easier.

Abstract: A remotely controllable circuit breaker has an improved scheme for effecting rapid arc extinction as well as protecting the breaker contact from the resulting arc current. The breaker includes first and second movable contacts 11 and 12 which are held respectively on parallel extending first and second contact arms 31 and 32 and are driven individually by a switching mechanism 20 including a manual handle 22 with a contact trip capability and by a remotely controllable switch 60. An arc runner 115 is connected to be in the same electrical potential as the second contact arm 32 and extends in the contact separating direction for receiving the one end of the arc developed between the rapidly separating contacts 11 and 12 and guiding the arc toward an arc extinguishing chute 110 as the first contact 11 moves away from the second contact 12.

Abstract: A remotely controllable circuit breaker with an improved space saving structure comprises first and second movable contacts 11 and 12 which are held respectively on first and second contact arms 31 and 32 and are driven individually by a switching mechanism 20 including a manual handle 22 with a contact tripping capability and by a remote control signal responsive electromagnet 60. An L-shaped actuator 80 with a horizontal member 81 and a vertical member 83 is provided to operatively connect the second contact arm 32 to an axially movable core 63, the output member of the electromagnet 60. The actuator 80 is pivoted at its connection between the horizontal and vertical members 81 and 83 and carries the second contact arm 32 on its vertical member 83 for pivotal movement of the second contact arm 32 between operative and inoperative positions respectively enabling and disabling the contact closing.

Abstract: A polarized electromagnet with improved response sensitivity includes an axially movable core 63 extending through an excitation coil 61 to be movable between two positions upon energization and deenergization of the coil 61. The core 63 is formed at its opposite ends respectively with pole plates 69 extending transversely of the core axis. Inner and outer yokes 64 and 65 are arranged in parallel to the core 63 and are magnetized to the opposite polarities by a permanent magnet 65. Inner and outer yokes 64 and 65 have at respective ends inner and outer pole ends 67 and 68 which are spaced axially to each other so as to form therebetween magnetic gaps in each of which the adjacent one of the pole plates 69 is located.