Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for ascertaining the residual value of a used battery. The method may include: feeding the battery to a test station; bringing it to a test temperature; stabilizing the temperature within less than 2 K; measuring a load cycles using a high-precision coulometry apparatus; carrying out measurement until fulfilment of a termination criterion; ascertaining a first and a second value for a discharging capacity using two different calculation rules, wherein calibration is handled differently in the two calculation rules; carrying out an optimization process; determining a residual value of the battery; and determining whether the used battery is to be employed for use in a static energy storage device.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for controlling a battery production system. An example includes: measuring production parameters with a plurality of sensors; determining a quality value of a battery cell with the measurement values; calculating a dependency of the quality value on the measurement values with a computing unit; calculating a dependency of the quality value on changed production parameters by performing a machine learning method; determining a controllable process parameter with an improved quality value using a parameter optimization for the machine learning method including a Bayesian optimization, wherein measurement values with associated quality values are included in the optimization as reference points; and using the controllable process parameter with an improved quality value in operation of the battery production system.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for producing a quality test system executing a quality test model with a filter mask and a quality model to determine a quality feature of a battery cell. The system has an electrochemical impedance spectroscopic unit for capturing test data relating to the battery within a frequency range. The method includes: creating the model; and producing the system. Creating the model includes: capturing spectroscopic learning data; creating the filter mask using a first machine learning method with analysis data from part of the frequency range by consulting the filter mask and creating the model using a second machine learning method. The first and the second learning method are coupled based on the learning data. The first machine learning method creates a filter mask determining the analysis data such that the second machine learning method creates a quality model optimized with respect to maximizing the quality.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for assessing an electrical storage cell. An example includes: creating a data set relating to the ageing behavior of an reference cell of a specific type with regard to charging and discharging; creating a second data set of a second reference cell of the same type; measuring an electrochemical operating characteristic of each reference storage cell and linking this operating characteristic to the reference data set; saving at least two reference data sets to the operating characteristic in a database; measuring the electrochemical operating characteristic of a storage cell; comparing the measured operating characteristic of the storage cell with the reference storage cells; and assigning the storage cell on the basis of an assignment key to one of the operating characteristics saved in the database and the reference data set linked thereto.

Abstract: To execute data management of production goods, it is proposed to use lifecycle-data of a production good across a production good lifecycle and thereby (1) decentrally storing the lifecycle-data and providing access to the stored lifecycle-data through a “Peer-to-Peer-Network”-based blockchain technology for various stakeholders involved in a production good-lifecycle and participated regarding the “blockchain technology”-based storage and access as network nodes, (2) selectively accessing the lifecycle-data through a cryptographic, in particular hierarchical, mechanism with a public key and a private key, by which each stakeholder is able to grant or deny the access, in particular for different stakeholders, and (3) enabling a dynamic data structure of the lifecycle-data through a knowledge graph based on entities being related to one other via edges, assigned attributes and brought into thematic context or ontologies.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for producing an electrode layer of a battery store by a system using an electrode layer paste. An example method includes: acquiring system parameters associated with the production of the electrode layer; acquiring a measured value of a variable of the electrode layer; calculating a correction value from a comparison of the acquired measured value of the electrode layer with a defined target value range; and setting the system parameters as a function of the calculated correction value.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for analyzing an electrode layer for a battery storage device in an electrode layer production facility. The method may include: acquiring an image comprising two pixels of the electrode layer, wherein a first pixel represents a first location of the electrode layer and a second pixel represents a second location of the electrode layer, wherein the first location and the second location are disposed adjacent to each other; determining a first value for a material property of the electrode layer at the first location based on the first pixel; determining a second value for the material property of the electrode layer at the second location based on the second pixel; comparing the first value and the second value and determining a comparison value; and determining characteristic properties of the electrode layer based on the comparison value.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for analyzing an electrode paste and/or an electrode layer for a battery cell. The method may include: measuring a property of the electrode layer paste and/or the electrode layer using a measuring facility; generating measurement data; and determining a quality value of the electrode layer paste and/or the electrode layer using an AI engine based on the measurement data.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for analyzing an electrode paste and/or an electrode layer for a battery cell. The method may include: measuring a property of the electrode layer paste and/or the electrode layer using a measuring facility; generating measurement data; and determining a quality value of the electrode layer paste and/or the electrode layer using an AI engine based on the measurement data.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for industrial scale production of a suspension for a battery, wherein an input material is processed via ball milling in a rotating chamber of a device that is effected as a continuous process with a continuously controlled addition of the input material and with a continuously controlled delivery of the processed output material, where state parameters of the input material and process parameters of the manufacturing installation are acquired as first parameters during production of the suspension, results of laboratory analyses about the state or quality of the manufactured suspension are acquired as second parameters in a learning phase during production, the first and the second parameters are used in the learning phase for training a model for predicting the state or quality via machine learning, and where the device is open-loop or closed-loop controlled outside the learning phase via the first parameters and the trained model.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for ascertaining the residual value of a used battery. The method may include: feeding the battery to a test station; bringing it to a test temperature; stabilizing the temperature within less than 2 K; measuring a load cycles using a high-precision coulometry apparatus; carrying out measurement until fulfilment of a termination criterion; ascertaining a first and a second value for a discharging capacity using two different calculation rules, wherein calibration is handled differently in the two calculation rules; carrying out an optimization process; determining a residual value of the battery; and determining whether the used battery is to be employed for use in a static energy storage device.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for producing a quality test system executing a quality test model with a filter mask and a quality model to determine a quality feature of a battery cell. The system has an electrochemical impedance spectroscopic unit for capturing test data relating to the battery within a frequency range. The method includes: creating the model; and producing the system. Creating the model includes: capturing spectroscopic learning data; creating the filter mask using a first machine learning method with analysis data from part of the frequency range by consulting the filter mask and creating the model using a second machine learning method. The first and the second learning method are coupled based on the learning data. The first machine learning method creates a filter mask determining the analysis data such that the second machine learning method creates a quality model optimized with respect to maximizing the quality.

Abstract: A reactor cascade for carrying out equilibrium-limited reactions, having at least two reactor units with in each case one reaction part in the form of a tubular reactor and in each case one absorption part. The reaction part has a starting product inlet and the absorption part has a starting product outlet for the discharge of excess starting products. A connecting line is provided between the starting product outlet of a first reactor unit and the starting product inlet of a second reactor unit. A pressure reduction valve for the reduction of a process pressure is provided between the first reaction unit and the second reactor unit.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a mixture for use as liquid sorbent for methanol or methanol and water in methanol synthesis using carbon monoxide and hydrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide as synthesis reactants. The mixture comprises I) a component A) in the form of at least one salt and at least one component B) selected from the group consisting of: B1) a salt of an anion and one, two, or three of the cations of salt A), wherein the number of cations corresponds to an absolute value of a charge number of the respective anion; B2) a salt comprising one or more bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions and another component, wherein a number of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions corresponds to an absolute value of a charge number of the respective metal cation; and B3) a zwitterionic compound.

Abstract: A reactor for performing equilibrium-reduced reactions, includes a tubular reactor housing in which a first zone is arranged, through which a liquid absorbent flows, and which extends in the longitudinal direction of the tube. Aa second zone is arranged for receiving a catalyst material and also extends in the longitudinal direction of the tube. The first zone and the second zone are separated by a gas-permeable separation zone. The separation zone has a mechanically self-supporting structure and the aspect ratio of the tubular reactor housing along a reaction zone is greater than 6.

Abstract: A method for operating a reactor facility for equilibrium-limited reactions, includes: converting starting materials to a product in a reaction chamber under a pressure p1, wherein an absorbent is loaded with the product and absorbs starting materials; discharging the loaded absorbent from the reaction chamber; lowering the pressure of the absorbent to a pressure p2 which is lower than pressure p1 and the product and starting materials are discharged in the gaseous state from the liquid absorbent; separating the gaseous products by condensation from the gaseous starting materials at the same time as a pressure p3 higher than pressure p1 is applied to the liquid absorbent, under pressure p3 into a liquid jet gas compressor in which the gaseous starting materials separated from the products are aspirated and dissolved in the liquid absorbent; and then introduced under pressure p4, which is lower than pressure p3, into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a process for converting a starting material mixture comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol and water. The method may include: providing a catalyst to a reactor; feeding carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the reactor, at a first pressure and a first temperature; feeding a first liquid component into the reactor at a second temperature lower than the first temperature; converting the carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol and water; removing the methanol from a gas phase in at least one liquid phase comprising the first component and the water; and discharging a first liquid material stream comprising the first component, methanol, and water from the reactor. At the first temperature and the first pressure the methanol is in a gaseous state and the first component and the water are in a liquid state.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a method of electrochemical production of synthesis gas comprising: reducing carbon dioxide to a first product gas including carbon monoxide in a carbon dioxide electrolysis cell; splitting water to generate a second product gas including hydrogen in a water electrolysis cell; delivering at least one catholyte from the group consisting of: a first catholyte from the carbon dioxide electrolysis cell and a second catholyte from the water electrolysis cell, into a gas scrubbing apparatus; and removing non-reduced carbon dioxide from the first product gas in the gas scrubbing apparatus using the at least one catholyte as an absorbent.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a reactor comprising: a reaction chamber having a lower region defining a sorbent collection zone; a first feed device supplying reactants to the reaction chamber; a second feed device supplying a liquid sorbent to the reaction chamber; a discharge device connected to the sorbent collection zone for removing sorbent from the sorbent collection zone; and a cooling device for cooling the sorbent in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to converting equilibrium-limited reactions. Various embodiments may include methods and apparatus for such reactions, such as a method for converting equilibrium-limited reactions comprising: delivering a catalyst material to a reaction zone of a reactor; delivering starting materials into the reaction zone; reacting the materials to form a product; introducing a sorbent into the reactor; taking up the products with the sorbent; and collecting the sorbent once it is loaded with products in a collection zone of the reactor. In some embodiment, the reaction zone is separated from the collection zone in the reactor.