Abstract: Various embodiments include an apparatus for ascertaining a heating temperature of a heating element for an electrically heatable catalytic converter comprising: a catalytic converter housing surrounding the heating element and the catalytic converter; a first temperature sensor arranged in the housing; and a second temperature sensor arranged in the housing downstream of the first temperature sensor with regard to an exhaust gas flow direction within the housing. The first temperature sensor is exposed to radiation from the heating element and the second temperature sensor is shielded from radiation from the heating element.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a system for transmitting heat from an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine to a working medium comprising: a first heat exchanger connected to the exhaust gas; a second heat exchanger connected to the working medium and the first heat exchanger; and a heat transmission medium arranged in a predetermined heat exchanger volume and substantially completely in a liquid state with a predetermined volume of heat transmission medium at room temperature and normal pressure. The heat exchangers define the hermetically sealed heat exchanger volume. The heat transmission medium transmits heat from the exhaust gas to the working medium. A ratio between the predetermined volume of the heat transmission medium and the predetermined heat exchanger volume is set such that the heat transmission medium is substantially completely in a gaseous state when a temperature of the exhaust gas exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: Various embodiments include an apparatus for ascertaining a heating temperature of a heating element for an electrically heatable catalytic converter comprising: a catalytic converter housing surrounding the heating element and the catalytic converter; a first temperature sensor arranged in the housing; and a second temperature sensor arranged in the housing downstream of the first temperature sensor with regard to an exhaust gas flow direction within the housing. The first temperature sensor is exposed to radiation from the heating element and the second temperature sensor is shielded from radiation from the heating element.

Abstract: Some embodiments may include a system for determining a filling level of a fuel situated in a fuel tank comprising: an air pump; a valve; a pressure sensor; a control unit; a timing element; and a control unit. The control unit may be programmed to actuate the valve to close the fuel tank and subsequently actuate the air pump to increase a pressure in the fuel tank until an upper threshold is reached. The timing element may determine the time required for the pressure to reach the upper threshold. The control unit may calculate the filling level of the fuel based on the time taken to reach the upper threshold.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a system for transmitting heat from an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine to a working medium comprising: a first heat exchanger connected to the exhaust gas; a second heat exchanger connected to the working medium and the first heat exchanger; and a heat transmission medium arranged in a predetermined heat exchanger volume and substantially completely in a liquid state with a predetermined volume of heat transmission medium at room temperature and normal pressure. The heat exchangers define the hermetically sealed heat exchanger volume. The heat transmission medium transmits heat from the exhaust gas to the working medium. A ratio between the predetermined volume of the heat transmission medium and the predetermined heat exchanger volume is set such that the heat transmission medium is substantially completely in a gaseous state when a temperature of the exhaust gas exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a method and a control device for operating a tank venting system of an internal combustion engine. For example, a method for operating an engine may include: activating a scavenge air pump disposed in a regeneration line with a fuel vapor retention filter; upon reaching a constant speed of an impeller of the scavenge air pump conveying the scavenge air, detecting a pressure upstream of the scavenge air pump and a pressure downstream of the scavenge air pump; calculating a differential pressure across the scavenge air pump; determining the degree of loading of the fuel vapor retention filter based at least in part on the differential pressure; and adjusting a fuel injection time based on the degree of loading.

Abstract: An electrically driven pump for gases or gas mixtures having a pump housing and a motor housing. A radial pump having a pump impeller is formed in the pump housing, and the pump impeller is connected to a drive shaft which extends through a wall of the pump housing into the motor housing. At least one air gap is formed between the drive shaft and the wall of the pump housing. A pressure side is formed in the pump housing, and is arranged in the outer radial region of the pump impeller. An opening through the pump housing is formed in the region of the pressure side, and the opening connects the interior of the pump housing to the interior of the motor housing, such that the pressure prevailing on the pressure side may propagate into the interior of the motor housing.

Abstract: Some embodiments may include a system for determining a filling level of a fuel situated in a fuel tank comprising: an air pump; a valve; a pressure sensor; a control unit; a timing element; and a control unit. The control unit may be programmed to actuate the valve to close the fuel tank and subsequently actuate the air pump to increase a pressure in the fuel tank until an upper threshold is reached. The timing element may determine the time required for the pressure to reach the upper threshold. The control unit may calculate the filling level of the fuel based on the time taken to reach the upper threshold.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a method and a control device for operating a tank venting system of an internal combustion engine. For example, a method for operating an engine may include: activating a scavenge air pump disposed in a regeneration line with a fuel vapor retention filter; upon reaching a constant speed of an impeller of the scavenge air pump conveying the scavenge air, detecting a pressure upstream of the scavenge air pump and a pressure downstream of the scavenge air pump; calculating a differential pressure across the scavenge air pump; determining the degree of loading of the fuel vapor retention filter based at least in part on the differential pressure; and adjusting a fuel injection time based on the degree of loading.

Abstract: An air intake system for an internal combustion engine may include an air intake channel, an exhaust gas return channel opening into the air intake channel, an exhaust gas cooler arranged in the exhaust gas return channel, a capture device, and a sensor. The capture device may capture cooling liquid from the exhaust gas cooler in the region of the opening point of the exhaust gas return channel into the air intake channel. The sensor may detect cooling liquid in the capture device.

Abstract: A fuel tank system has a fuel tank and a storage element. In monitoring the fuel tank system, to check the sealing action of the fuel tank system at regular intervals during driving of the motor vehicle, a first valve is arranged in the first line upstream of the storage element as viewed in the direction of the fresh-air flow, an air pump is arranged between the first valve and the storage element, and a second valve is arranged in the second line between the storage element and the intake line. A mass flow sensor is arranged in the first line between the first valve and the storage element.

Abstract: A method for monitoring for a rupture in a storage element of a fuel tank system having a fuel tank includes: detecting, by a mass flow sensor, thermal conductivity of an unmoved air mass in a first line of the fuel tank system; and identifying a rupture in the storage element if the detecting by the mass flow sensor detects a change in the thermal conductivity of the unmoved air mass in the first line when a second valve is in a closed state and/or when an air pump is at a standstill.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines and its teachings may be applied to methods for leakage diagnosis in a fuel tank system. A method for diagnosing leakage may include: closing a fresh air line and a hydrocarbon/air mixture line connected to the fuel tank; measuring a first pressure change in the fuel tank system over a predefined first time interval; opening the fresh air line; operating the purge air pump until a predefined excess pressure is reached; closing the fresh air line; measuring a second pressure change over a predefined second time interval; and comparing the pressure changes to diagnose a leakage in the fuel tank system.

Abstract: An electrically driven pump for gases or gas mixtures having a pump housing and a motor housing. A radial pump having a pump impeller is formed in the pump housing, and the pump impeller is connected to a drive shaft which extends through a wall of the pump housing into the motor housing. At least one air gap is formed between the drive shaft and the wall of the pump housing. A pressure side is formed in the pump housing, and is arranged in the outer radial region of the pump impeller. An opening through the pump housing is formed in the region of the pressure side, and the opening connects the interior of the pump housing to the interior of the motor housing, such that the pressure prevailing on the pressure side may propagate into the interior of the motor housing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines in general. Some embodiments of the teaching may include valve units for use in a fuel tank system of an internal combustion engine having a fuel tank and a storage element for temporary storage of hydrocarbons, wherein the fuel tank and the storage element are connected together such that the hydrocarbons which gasify out of a fuel in the fuel tank are stored in the storage element. They may include a purge air pump connected to the storage element and conveying fresh air to the storage element, thereby releasing the stored hydrocarbons and supplying them to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and a movable adjustment element with at least two positions. The first position may connect a pressure side of the purge air pump to a first line and a suction side of the purge air pump to a second line. The second position may connect the pressure side to the second line and the suction side to the first line.

Abstract: An active purge pump system module is provided for an evaporative emission control (EVAP) system for a vehicle. The EVAP system includes a fuel tank, a vapor collection canister in communication with the fuel tank, an air intake, and a purge valve connected between the canister and the air intake. The active purge pump system module includes a pump in fluid communication with the canister to move air independently of operation of the engine. A bypass valve assembly communicates with an upstream side and a downstream side of the pump to bypass the pump. In a closed position of the bypass valve assembly, the pump, when activated, moves purge vapor from the canister, through the purge valve, and to the engine to be consumed during combustion, and when the bypass valve assembly is opened and the pump is deactivated, vehicle refueling is permitted.

Abstract: The tank ventilation system has an adsorption vessel, a regeneration duct and a pump. The adsorption vessel captures and temporarily stores fuel vapors emerging from a fuel tank. A purge air flow can flow through the adsorption vessel. The regeneration duct connects the adsorption vessel to an intake duct. In the regeneration duct there is arranged a pump designed to draw the purge air out of the adsorption vessel and admix the purge air to intake air in the intake duct. A density of the purge air that flows in the regeneration duct is determined. Furthermore, a purge air mass flow flowing in the regeneration duct is determined as a function of the density of the purge air and a predefined pump characteristic of the pump.

Abstract: An air intake system for an internal combustion engine may include an air intake channel, an exhaust gas return channel opening into the air intake channel, an exhaust gas cooler arranged in the exhaust gas return channel, a capture device, and a sensor. The capture device may capture cooling liquid from the exhaust gas cooler in the region of the opening point of the exhaust gas return channel into the air intake channel. The sensor may detect cooling liquid in the capture device.

Abstract: A compressor for a turbocharger may include a compressor wheel with compressor blades mounted in a housing defining a compressor inlet. The compressor inlet may include an inner pipe and an outer pipe surrounding said inner pipe. The inner pipe may be directed toward the radially inner region of the compressor blades and the outer pipe directed toward the radially outer region of the compressor blades. The passage cross section of the outer pipe and/or of the inner pipe may be at least partially shut off by means of shutoff devices.

Abstract: A particle sensor arranged in an exhaust duct such that particles from the exhaust-gas flow accumulate on and/or between at least two sensor electrodes when a voltage greater than a limit voltage is applied between the two sensor electrodes and substantially no particles accumulate if the voltage is lower than the limit voltage. During a first time period, a first voltage greater than the limit voltage is applied between the sensor electrodes. During a second time period, a second voltage, lower than the limit voltage, is applied between the sensor electrodes, and/or the particle sensor is heated to a predefined temperature, such that substantially no particles accumulate on and/or between the at least two sensor electrodes. Following the second time period, a third voltage greater than the limit voltage is applied between the sensor electrodes.