Abstract: A sliding element, in particular a piston ring, comprises a coating having the following layers from the inside to the outside: an adhesive layer, a carbon-containing functional layer and an outer amorphous DLC layer. The layer thickness of the carbon-containing function layer is at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, of the total layer thickness of the coating, and the Young's modulus ratio of carbon-containing functional layer to outer amorphous DLC layer is 1.2 or more.

Abstract: An apparatus and system for aligning and packing rollable items such as prolate or spherical fruit; an apparatus to remove a single tray from a stack of trays and method therefor; a wrapper to wrap a tray in plastic film and method therefor; an apparatus to laterally retain a spherical or prolate fruit and method therefor; and an apparatus for aligning a fruit via series of rollers and/or suction heads and a method therefor.

Abstract: A sliding element, in particular a piston ring, has a coating which has the following layers from the inside outwards: a polycrystalline, metal-containing adhesive layer, an intermediate layer, and at least one amorphous carbon layer, the intermediate layer having the following partial layers from the inside outward: an AxCy layer, with c standing for carbon, A standing for a metal, preferably of the metal-containing adhesive layer, and x as well as y each comprising values of 1-99, and a crystalline-containing or crystal-containing carbon layer.

Abstract: A sliding element, in particular a piston ring, has a coating which has the following layers from the inside outwards: a polycrystalline, metal-containing adhesive layer, an intermediate layer, and at least one amorphous carbon layer, the intermediate layer having the following partial layers from the inside outward: an AxCy layer, with c standing for carbon, A standing for a metal, preferably of the metal-containing adhesive layer, and x as well as y each comprising values of 1-99, and a crystalline-containing or crystal-containing carbon layer.

Abstract: A sliding element, such as a piston ring, for use in diesel or highly supercharged spark-ignition engines with iron-based mating running elements is provided. The sliding element includes a base material made of cast iron or steel and a coating. The coating includes a CrN layer, an Me(CxNy) layer, and a DLC layer extending from the inside to the outer side respectively. The DLC layer consists of a metal-containing substructure layer and a metal-free DLC top layer. The Me(CxNy) layer is crystalline and Me is tungsten (W), chromium (Cr), or Silicon (Si). The hardness of the metal-free DLC top layer is harder than the metal-containing substructure layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having a carbon-based coating and at least in sections, a surface roughness (R?q) according to DIN EN ISO 4287 of 0.05, preferably 0.08, to 0.11, preferably to 0.1 ?m.

Abstract: A method wherein nanoparticle are first produced and then infused in the coating during the coating process by means of a PVD and/or CVD method. The coating is a material that contains nitrides. The nanoparticles are chosen from the group of oxides, carbides, and silicides, and one or more of the compounds comprise MexOy, MexCy, and MexSiy with Me: Cr, Ti, Ta, Si, In, Sn, Al, W, V, Mo and/or x=1 to 3 and/or =1 to 3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel wear-protection layer for piston rings of internal combustion engines and a method for applying a wear-protection layer of this type during production of a piston ring. The protective layer is characterized inter alia by reduced wear and high resistance to scuffing.

Abstract: In a method for coating a sliding element, in particular a piston ring or a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine, DLC phases are embedded into a hard material layer as said hard material layer is deposited. A sliding element, such as a piston ring or a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine, comprises a hard material layer with embedded DLC phases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sliding element, such as a piston ring, having a coating on at least one running surface, which comprises, from the inside out, an adhesive layer (10), a metal-containing, preferably tungsten-containing, DLC layer (12), and a metal-free DLC layer (14), and is characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the metal-free DLC layer to the thickness of the metal-containing DLC layer ranges from 0.7 to 1.5 and/or to the overall thickness of the coating ranges from 0.4 to 0.6.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having a carbon-based coating and at least in sections, a surface roughness (R?q) according to DIN EN ISO 4287 of 0.05, preferably 0.08, to 0.11, preferably to 0.1 ?m.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having at least one running surface. The running surface comprises a coating, which from the inside to the outside has at least one first adhesive layer, a hard hydrogen-free DLC layer, a second adhesive layer, a soft hydrogen-containing, metal and/or metal carbide-containing DLC layer, which is softer than the hard hydrogen-free DLC layer, and a hard hydrogen-containing DLC layer, which is harder than the soft hydrogen-containing, metal and/or metal carbide containing DLC layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wear-resistant layer, which is preferably used on piston rings for internal combustion engines. The wear-resistant layer comprises: 15-25% by weight iron (Fe), 10-25% by weight tungsten carbide (WC), 30-40% by weight chromium (Cr), 10-25% by weight nickel (Ni), 10-25% by weight molybdenum (Mo), 1-10% by weight carbon (C), 0.1-2% by weight silicon (Si), wherein Cr is present in elemental form and/or as a carbide in the form of Cr2C3. A method for applying the wear resistant layer and a piston ring having such a wear resistant layer are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present application relates to a sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having at least one sliding surface which has a coating which has, from the inside outwards, a metal-containing bonding layer and a DLC layer, where the DLC layer is an amorphous hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon layer which has a DLC main layer which extends from the bonding layer to an adjoining DLC covering layer and has a carbon content of more than about 98.5 at %, oxygen and/or hydrogen and/or nitrogen in a proportion of in each case less than about 0.5 at % and an sp2/sp3 ratio of the carbon in the range from about 1 to about 3, and a DLC covering layer which extends from the DLC main layer to the surface of the sliding element and has a lower carbon content and/or higher oxygen content and/or higher hydrogen content compared to the main layer and also metals and/or metal oxides and an sp2/sp3 ratio of the carbon in the range from about 1 to about 3.

Abstract: The present application relates to a sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having a coating (10) on a substrate (12), which forms at least one sliding surface of the sliding element. The coating (10) has, from the inside outwards, a carbide or nitride layer (16), then a carbide-containing (preferably PVD-) TLC layer (17), then a metal-free PVD-TLC layer (22) and then a metal-free PACVD-TLC layer (18).

Abstract: A sliding element, in particular a piston ring or a cylinder liner, comprising at least one a-C:H:Me layer, where Me is germanium and silicon, having a layer thickness of 10-40 ?m, is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sliding element, in particular a piston ring, having at least one running surface. The running surface comprises a coating, which from the inside to the outside has at least one first adhesive layer, a hard hydrogen-free DLC layer, a second adhesive layer, a soft hydrogen-containing, metal and/or metal carbide-containing DLC layer, which is softer than the hard hydrogen-free DLC layer, and a hard hydrogen-containing DLC layer, which is harder than the soft hydrogen-containing, metal and/or metal carbide containing DLC layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a piston ring for an internal combustion engine includes providing, a substrate and applying a coating by means of thermal spraying of a powder including solid lubricants on the substrate, having the elemental proportions of 15-30% by weight of iron, Fe; 15-30% by weight tungsten, W; 25-35% by weight of chromium, Cr; 10-35% by weight of nickel, Ni; 1-5% by weight of molybdenum, Mo; 0.2-3% by weight of aluminum, Al; 3-20% by weight of copper, Cu; 1-10% by weight of carbon, C; 0.1-2% by weight of sulfur, S; and 0.1-2% by weight of silicon, Si. The resultant piston ring and coating are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method wherein nanoparticle are first produced and then infused in the coating during the coating process by means of a PVD and/or CVD method. A sliding element comprises a coating formed by means of a PVD and/or CVD method comprising separately produced nanoparticles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gliding element of an internal combustion engine, especially a piston ring, having a DLC coating of the ta-C type which has at least one residual stress gradient.