Abstract: Alkylaromatic lubricant products are produced by the reaction of a long chain alkyne such as octyne, decyne or dodecyne over a reduced Group VIB metal oxide catalyst, preferably reduced chromium on silica. The products, which are predominantly n-alkyl substituted, possess excellent thermal and oxidative stability and may be used as lubricant base stocks and viscosity improvers.

Abstract: A novel composition is disclosed that is particularly useful as a lubricant viscosity index improver. The composition comprises branched branched C.sub.30 -C.sub.10000 hydrocarbons that have a branch ratio of less than 0.19 and viscosity at 100.degree. C. between 725 CS and 15,000 cS. The novel compositions comprise the product of the oligomerization of C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 alpha-olefin feedstock, or mixtures thereof, under oligomerization conditions at a temperature between -20.degree. C. and +90.degree. C. in contact with a reduced valence state Group VIB metal catalyst on porous support. The compositions have viscosities at 100.degree. C. between 725 cS and 15,000 cS. Using the foregoing compositions in admixture with mineral oil and synthetic lubricants provides novel lubricant blends that show an elevated viscosity index. The mixtures also show an increased stability to shear stress at high temperature with all blends notable by exhibiting Newtonian flow.

Abstract: A process for producing oligomers from alpha-olefins, such as 1-decene, in which the olefins are oligomerized over a supported, reduced metal oxide catalyst from Group VIB of the Periodic Table to give oligomers with a branch ratio of less than 0.19. The catalyst, preferably a chromium/silica catalyst the catalyst can be regenerated to allow repeated recycling of the catalyst without a loss in yield of the oligomer product. The regeneration process comprises: (i) purging or stripping the deactivated catalyst with inert gas at elevated temperature to strip unreacted olefin and oligomer product from the catalyst; (ii) contacting the deactivated and purged catalyst with a stream of oxidizing gas while heating to elevated temperature to oxidize the metal component of the catalyst and remove carbonaceous deposits from the catalyst; (iii) cooling the oxidized catalyst and contacting it with a stream of reducing gas to reduce the metal component of the oxidized catalyst to a lower valence state.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the oligomerization of C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alpha olefin mixtures or C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alpha-olefins alone to produce novel lubricant range products having high viscosity index and regio-regularity not greater than 40%. Lower hydrocarbon fractions useful as gasoline and distillate fuels are also produced. The process comprises contacting said mixtures or C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alpha-olefins with a reduced valence state chromium oxide catalyst on a silica support in an oligomerization zone under oligomerization conditions comprising a temperature from 90.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. The process can be carried out in dilute form using an inert solvent such as octane. The lubricant products can be produced in wide range of viscosities including the direct production of low viscosity lubricants having high viscosity index.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of preparation for a lubricant mixture having enhanced viscosity index comprising:(a) a low viscosity C.sub.20 -C.sub.60 lubricant range liquid comprising substantially linear hydrocarbons prepared by shape selective catalysis of lower olefin with medium pore acid zeolite catalyst to provide substantially linear liquid olefinic intermediates or C.sub.20.sup.+ hydrogenated lubricants, said lubricant range liquid having a kinematic viscosity of about 2-10 cS at 100.degree. C.; and(b) at least one poly(alpha-olefin) having viscosity greater than 20 cS and viscosity index improvement properties.

Abstract: A non-friable support, e.g., sand, coated with a polymer is prepared by contacting the support containing a polymerization catalyst with a monomer which is at least one multi-functional olefin, e.g., a diene, under monomer polymerization conditions. The product of the polymerization process is a highly cross-linked coating which engulfs the support, thereby rendering it hydrolytically and thermally stable. The support can be used as a sand pack in enhanced oil recovery operations, wherein it is resistant to deterioration due to high temperature, pressure and alkaline conditions existing in the subterranean formations.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for improving the thermal stability of polyalpha-olefin lubricants by contacting the lubricant with an acidic catalyst for a time and at a temperature sufficient to achieve the skeletal isomerization of the molecular structure of the lubricant. The reaction is carried out preferably on unhydrogenated synthetic lubricants in contact with Lewis acid catalysts. Following the isomerization reaction, the unsaturated lubricant is hydrogenated to produce lubricant with better thermal stability. Surprisingly, when the isomerization reaction is carried out using unsaturated oligomer produced from the oligomerization of alpha-olefins in contact with reduced Group VIB metal oxide catalyst on porous support as starting material the viscometric properties of the lubricant, e.g., viscosity and VI, are not significantly altered, although the thermal stability of the lubricant is substantially increased. The reaction of the present invention may be carried out in the presence of a solvent or neat.

Abstract: Alpha-olefins such as 1-decene are copolymerized with vinylaromatic monomers, especially styrene or the alkylstyrenes, to produce liquid lubricant oligomers having a broad range of viscosities, high viscosity index(VI), improved thermal stability and additive solubility characteristics. The lubricant oligomers are random copolymers containing recurring units of 1-alkene and vinyl aromatic monomer in mole ratios between 2:1 and 500:1, but preferably between 5:1 and 100:1 and more preferably from about 10:1 to 50:1. The recurring 1-alkene units of the copolymer have a branch ratio of less than 0.19, indicative of a poly 1-alkene segment of the copolymer chain or backbone that is essentially linear. The copolymerization catalyst is a reduced Group VIB metal catalyst on porous support, preferably reduced chromium oxide on a silica support.

Abstract: A process for producing liquid oligomers useful as lubricants from alpha-olefins feedstock, such as 1-decene. The olefins are oligomerized over a supported and reduced metal oxide catalyst from Group VIB of the Periodic Table to produce the oligomers. The chromium-on-silica oligomerization catalysts can be regenerated to allow repeated recycling of the catalyst with reduced losses in yield of the lubricant. The regeneration process is particularly useful to regenerate catalyst deactivated during the course of oligomerization at high temperatures to produce low viscosity HVI-PAO lubricant. The regeneration process is carried out by (i) purging the deactivated catalyst with inert gas to strip unreacted olefin and lubricant product; (ii) contacting the purged catalyst with a stream of oxidizing gas at an elevated temperature to oxidize the carbonaceous deposits; and (iii) cooling the catalyst and contacting it with a stream of reducing gas to reduce the metal component to a lower valence state.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a methanol and/or methyl ether-containing reactant feed along with a hydrogen-containing gaseous diluent to a light olefin-containing product over a ZSM-45 aluminosiloicate zeolite based catalyst composition. By using such ZSM-45 zeolite catalysts, methanol and/or methyl ether can be advantageously converted to an olefin-containing hydrocarbon product enriched in C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 olefins. The hydrogen-containing gaseous diluent is co-fed to the conversion reaction zone and the conversion reaction is conducted at a pressure of at least about 3 atmospheres in order to enhance catalyst lifetime.

Abstract: Novel lubricant mixtures are disclosed having unexpectedly high viscosity indices. The mixtures are blends of high viscosity index polyalphaolefins prepared with activated chromium on silica catalyst and polyalphaolefins prepared with BF3, aluminum chloride, or Ziegler-type catayst. Superior blends are also prepared from HVIXPAO with mineral oil and/or other synthetic liquid lubricants.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for polymerizing alpha-olefins is prepared by treating a carrier containing OH groups with a liquid solution containing an excess of an organomagnesium composition with respect to the OH groups and contacting the thus-formed magnesium-containing carrier with a hydrocarbyl alcohol and at least one transition metal compound. Prior to contacting the magnesium-containing carrier with the alcohol, most of the liquid must be removed therefrom, so that it comprises not more than about 6% of the liquid. The amount of the transition metal compound is such that the molar ratio thereof to magnesium in the reaction mixture is about 0.3 to about 0.9. Also disclosed is a process for polymerizing alpha-olefins in the presence of the catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: A process for oligomerizing alpha olefin to produce lubricant range hydrocarbon stock including the step of contacting said alpha olefin with a supported solid reduced Group VIB (e.g., chromium) catalyst under oligomerization conditions at a temperature of about 90.degree. to 250.degree. C. to produce liquid lubricant hydrocarbon. The product comprises the polymeric residue of linear C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 1-alkenes, said composition having a branch ratio of less than 0.19. The weight average molecular weight is between 420 and 45,000, number average molecular weight between 420 and 18,000, molecular weight distribution between 1 and 5 and pour point below -15.degree. C. The hydrogenated lubricant range hydrocarbon product has viscosity index of about 130 to 280 and viscosity up to about 750 cS.

Abstract: Novel lubricant compositions comprising polyalphaolefins are disclosed having high viscosity indices with low pour point. The compositions are characterized by a uniform molecular structure with low branch ratios. The invention describes a liquid lubricant composition comprising C.sub.30 -C.sub.1300 hydrocarbons, said composition having a branch ratio of less than 0.19, weight average molecular weight between 300 and 45,000 number average molecular weight between 300 and 18,000, molecular weight distribution between 1 an 5 and pour point below -15.degree. C. 1-decene trimer comprising 9-methyl, 11-octylheneicosane and 11-octyldocosane is disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for polymerizing alpha-olefins is prepared by treating a carrier containing OH groups with a liquid solution containing an excess of an organomagnesium composition with respect to the OH groups and contacting the thus-formed magnesium-containing carrier with a solution of at least one transition metal compound. Prior to contacting the magnesium-containing carrier with the transition metal compound, most of the liquid must be removed therefrom, so that it comprises not more than about 6% of the liquid. The amount of the transition metal compound is such that the molar ratio of the transition metal to magnesium in the reaction mixture is about 0.3 to about 0.9. Also disclosed is a process for polymerizing alpha-olefins in the presence of the catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for polymerizing alpha-olefins is prepared by treating a carrier containing OH groups with a liquid solution containing an excess of an organomagnesium composition with respect to the OH groups and contacting the thus-formed magnesium-containing carrier with a solution of at least one transition metal compound. Prior to contacting the magnesium-containing carrier with the transition metal compound, most of the liquid must be removed therefrom, so that it comprises not more than about 6% of the liquid. The amount of the transition metal compound is such that the molar ratio of the transition metal to magnesium in the reaction mixture is about 0.3 to about 0.9. Also disclosed is a process for polymerizing alpha-olefins in the presence of the catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for polymerizing alpha-olefins is prepared by treating a carrier containing OH groups with a liquid solution containing an excess of an organomagnesium composition with respect to the OH groups and contacting the thus-formed magnesium-containing carrier with a hydrocarbyl alcohol and at least one transition metal compound. Prior to contacting the magnesium-containing carrier with the alcohol, most of the liquid must be removed therefrom, so that it comprises not more than about 6% of the liquid. The amount of the transition metal compound is such that the molar ratio thereof to magnesium in the reaction mixture is about 0.3 to about 0.9. Also disclosed is a process for polymerizing alpha-olefins in the presence of the catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: There is provided a method for the selective sorption of n-alkylbenzene, such as n-propylbenzene, from an alkylbenzene mixture, such as a mixture of n-propylbenzene and isopropylbenzene, with an oxide impregnated ZSM-5 sorbent. This method may be particularly useful in the purification of cumene product streams.

Abstract: Modified zeolite catalyst compositions comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having pore windows formed by 8-membered rings of oxygen atoms, e.g. ZSM-34, in combination with a magnesium oxide, manganese oxide or magnesium oxide/platinum oxide catalyst modifier. Such modified zeolite catalysts are especially useful for converting methanol and/or methyl ester to an olefin-containing hydrocarbon product enriched in ethylene and propylene with enhanced catalyst lifetime.

Abstract: A process for converting methanol and/or methyl ether to light olefins over a zeolite catalyst comprising at least some crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitic material having pore windows formed by 8-membered rings of oxygen atoms, e.g., Zeolon 500 or ZSM-34, in the presence of hydrogen, or mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide as a gaseous diluent, at elevated temperature and pressure. By using such zeolite catalysts, hydrogen-containing diluents and reaction conditions, methanol and/or methyl ether can be converted to an olefin-containing hydrocarbon product enriched in ethylene and propylene with enhanced catalyst lifetime.