Patents by Inventor Maria N. V McDougall

Maria N. V McDougall has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • TONER COMPOSITIONS
    Publication number: 20090220882
    Abstract: Toner particles are provided which may, in embodiments, include a core possessing an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin in combination with a colorant, optional wax, and optional other additives, and a shell over the core including a branched amorphous resin. The branched resin in the shell may prevent the crystalline resin from migrating to the toner surface.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 29, 2008
    Publication date: September 3, 2009
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Ke Zhou, Karen Ann Moffat, Maria N.V. McDougall, Richard P.N. Veregin
  • Toner compositions including styrene containing external additives
    Patent number: 7579128
    Abstract: Toner compositions of toner particles including additive particles upon an external surface of the toner particles, wherein the additive particles include crosslinked styrene containing polymer particles, exhibit reduced sensitivity to relative humidity. The crosslinked styrene containing polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 30 nm to about 300 nm, and may include styrene homopolymer particles, styrene copolymer particles or mixtures thereof. A process of reducing the relative humidity sensitivity of toner using such external surface additive is also described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 11, 2008
    Date of Patent: August 25, 2009
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Maria N. V. McDougall, Daryl Vanbesien, Allan K. Chen, Richard P. N. Veregin, Vladislav Skorokhod
  • Low melt toner
    Patent number: 7547499
    Abstract: A toner includes binder of amorphous polymer material, such as an amorphous polyester material, and a crystalline polymer material, such as a crystalline polyester material, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid number of the crystalline polymer material. Further, the toner may have a minimum fusing temperature of from about 75° C. to about 150° C. and a relative humidity sensitivity of from about 0.5 to about 10. A method of making toner particles is also indicated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 2006
    Date of Patent: June 16, 2009
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Richard P. N. Veregin, Geurino G. Sacripante, Maria N. V. McDougall, Paul J. Gerroir, Enno E. Agur
  • POLYESTER-WAX BASED EMULSION AGGREGATION TONER COMPOSITIONS
    Publication number: 20090142689
    Abstract: Emulsion aggregation toners comprising a polyester-wax resin, wherein the polyester-wax resin includes a wax that is chemically incorporated into the main chain of the polyester resin.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 3, 2007
    Publication date: June 4, 2009
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Guerino G. SACRIPANTE, Richard P.N. VEREGIN, Edward G. ZWARTZ, Maria N.V. MCDOUGALL
  • ACID-BASE PROPERTY CONSIDERATIONS FOR IMPROVED ADDITIVE ATTACHEMENT ON TONER
    Publication number: 20090130588
    Abstract: A developer comprised of a toner and at least one external surface additive, wherein an acid-base interaction has an Interaction Surface Parameter (ISP) of greater than 0, and wherein ISP is defined by the following equation: [(Ka)toner×(Kb)additive]+[(Kb)toner×(Ka)additive]?[(Ka)toner×(Ka)additive]?[(Kb)toner×(Kb)additive], wherein Ka is the Lewis acid value and Kb is the Lewis base value.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 21, 2007
    Publication date: May 21, 2009
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Richard P.N. Veregin, Maria N.V. McDougall
  • NANO-SIZED COMPOSITES CONTAINING POLYMER MODIFIED CLAYS AND METHOD FOR MAKING TONER PARTICLES USING SAME
    Publication number: 20090047591
    Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles, a polymer binder, at least one colorant and clay composites distributed in the polymer binder, wherein the clay composites comprise a polymer modified clay.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 17, 2007
    Publication date: February 19, 2009
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Maria N. V. MCDOUGALL, Richard P. N. VEREGIN, Guerino G. SACRIPANTE, Valerie M. FARRUGIA
  • Nano-Sized Composites Containing Polymer Modified Clays and Method for Making Toner Particles Using Same
    Publication number: 20090047595
    Abstract: A method for making toners to include clay composites. The clay composites are incorporated into emulsion of toner and used in making toner via emulsion aggregation. Such toners may have a core and/or a shell and the clay composites may be included with the core, the shell or both.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 17, 2007
    Publication date: February 19, 2009
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Maria N. V. MCDOUGALL, Richard P. N. VEREGIN, Guerino G. SACRIPANTE, Valerie M. FARRUGIA
  • CHEMICAL TONER WITH COVALENTLY BONDED RELEASE AGENT
    Publication number: 20080254381
    Abstract: A chemical toner composition including a polymer polymerized from starting ingredients comprising a resin monomer and a release agent monomer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 10, 2007
    Publication date: October 16, 2008
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Daryl W. Vanbesien, Edward G. Zwartz, Cuong Vong, Maria N V. McDougall, Timothy P. Bender, Jennifer L. Belelie, Tyler Norsten
  • TONER COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING STYRENE CONTAINING EXTERNAL ADDITIVES
    Publication number: 20080241724
    Abstract: Toner compositions of toner particles including additive particles upon an external surface of the toner particles, wherein the additive particles include crosslinked styrene containing polymer particles, exhibit reduced sensitivity to relative humidity. The crosslinked styrene containing polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 30 nm to about 300 nm, and may include styrene homopolymer particles, styrene copolymer particles or mixtures thereof. A process of reducing the relative humidity sensitivity of toner using such external surface additive is also described.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 11, 2008
    Publication date: October 2, 2008
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Maria N.V. MCDOUGALL, Daryl Vanbesien, Allan K. Chen, Richard P.N. Veregin, Vladislav Skorokhod
  • TONER COMPOSITIONS HAVING IMPROVED FUSING PROPERTIES
    Publication number: 20080220362
    Abstract: Image recording device comprising a development system including toner particles comprising a gel latex, a high Tg latex, a wax, and a colorant, and a fuser member, such as a fluoropolymer coated fuser member, which produces images having improved document offset, vinyl offset and half-tone rub properties.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 6, 2007
    Publication date: September 11, 2008
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Emily L. MOORE, Patricia A. BURNS, Michael L. GRANDE, William H. HOLLENBAUGH, Edward G. ZWARTZ, Shigang S. QIU, Maria N.V. MCDOUGALL, Daryl W. VANBESIEN, T. Brian MCANENEY
  • POLYESTER EMULSION CONTAINING CROSSLINKED POLYESTER RESIN, PROCESS, AND TONER
    Publication number: 20080182193
    Abstract: A polyester resin emulsion includes crosslinked polyester resin in an emulsion medium, the crosslinked polyester resin having a degree of crosslinking of from about 0.1 percent to about 100 percent. The emulsion can be formed by solvent flashing a mixture of a polyester resin, an initiator, a solvent, and an emulsion medium, wherein the crosslinked polyester resin has a degree of crosslinking of from about 0.1 percent to about 100 percent.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 25, 2007
    Publication date: July 31, 2008
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Enno E. AGUR, Daryl W. VANBESIEN, Valerie M. FARRUGIA, Guerino G. SACRIPANTE, Maria N.V. MCDOUGALL, Edward G. ZWARTZ
  • PREDICTING RELATIVE HUMIDIDTY SENSITIVITY OF DEVELOPER MATERIALS
    Publication number: 20080171279
    Abstract: A method of predicting a Lewis acid-base relative humidity (RH) ratio in a two-component developer comprised of at least a toner and a carrier including selecting a candidate toner, selecting a candidate carrier, and determining the Lewis acid and Lewis base constants for the candidate toner and candidate carrier. In addition, calculating the Lewis acid-base RH ratio wherein the calculated Lewis acid-base RH ratio is related to charge RH ratio.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 17, 2007
    Publication date: July 17, 2008
    Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION
    Inventors: Richard P.N. VEREGIN, Maria N.V. MCDOUGALL, Michael S. HAWKINS, Cuong VONG, Vladislav SKOROKHOD
  • LOW MELT TONER
    Publication number: 20080153027
    Abstract: A toner includes binder of amorphous polymer material, such as an amorphous polyester material, and a crystalline polymer material, such as a crystalline polyester material, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid number of the crystalline polymer material. Further, the toner may have a minimum fusing temperature of from about 75° C. to about 150° C. and a relative humidity sensitivity of from about 0.5 to about 10. A method of making toner particles is also indicated.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 22, 2006
    Publication date: June 26, 2008
    Applicant: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Richard P. N. Veregin, Guerino G. Sacripante, Maria N. V. McDougall, Paul J. Gerroir, Enno E. Agur
  • Coated carrier
    Patent number: 7374849
    Abstract: A carrier comprised of a core, and thereover a polymer coating containing antimony tin oxide with an average diameter of from about 5 to about 90 nanometers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 26, 2005
    Date of Patent: May 20, 2008
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Vladislav Skorokhod, Maria N V. McDougall, Richard P N. Veregin, Cuong Vong, Jackie B. Parker
  • Toner compositions and process thereof
    Patent number: 7329476
    Abstract: A toner composition is provided which contains a polyester resin with hydrophilic groups and hydrophobic end groups and a colorant, wherein said polyester resin is of the formula: wherein R is an alkylene group; X is an aromatic hydrocarbon; Y is selected from the group consisting of an alkali and an alkaline earth metal salt of an arylenesulfonate or an alkylenesulfonate; R? is a hydrophobic group, and m and n represent the number of random segments of from about 50 to about 300 for n, and from about 20 to about 2,000 for m, and m is less than 20 times n.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 31, 2005
    Date of Patent: February 12, 2008
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Guerino G. Sacripante, Ke Zhou, Richard P. N. Veregin, Edward G. Zwartz, Maria N. V. McDougall
  • Toner particles and methods of preparing the same
    Patent number: 7320851
    Abstract: Toner particles comprise resin, wax and optionally colorants, and the wax is substantially excluded from the interior core of the toner particles. Processes for preparing such toner particles comprise providing an aqueous dispersion of resin particles and optionally colorants, mixing the aqueous dispersion in presence of a coagulant, aggregating to form particles, coalescing to form fused particles, and removing the fused particles from the aqueous dispersion. Wax dispersions can be added either after mixing or during aggregation, so that wax is excluded from the core of the toner particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 2005
    Date of Patent: January 22, 2008
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Ke Zhou, Enno Eric Agur, Wafa Faisul Bashir, Maria N. V. McDougall, Emily Louise Moore, Shigang Steven Qiu, Vladislav Skorokhod, Daryl W. Vanbesien, Edward Graham Zwartz, Joseph August Bartel, Patricia Ann Burns, T. Brian McAneney, Richard P. N. Veregin, Paul Joseph Gerroir
  • Polymer particles containing a cross-linked polymer core and a linear non-cross-linked polymer shell, and toner formed therefrom
    Patent number: 7307111
    Abstract: Polymer particles comprising a cross-linked polymer core and a linear non-cross-linked polymer shell may be formed by emulsion polymerization. The polymer particles may be used in forming toner.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 16, 2004
    Date of Patent: December 11, 2007
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Karen A. Moffat, Daryl Vanbesien, Ke Zhou, Paul J. Gerroir, Valerie M. Farrugia, Maria N. V. McDougall, Edward G. Zwartz
  • Toner compositions
    Patent number: 7300734
    Abstract: A toner composition comprising a binder, colorant, and a charge control surface additive mixture comprising a mixture of a first titanium dioxide possessing a first conductivity and a second titanium dioxide possessing a second conductivity and which second conductivity is dissimilar than the first conductivity; wherein the mixture of the first titanium dioxide and the second titanium dioxide is selected in a ratio sufficient to impart a selected triboelectric charging characteristic to the toner composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 3, 2004
    Date of Patent: November 27, 2007
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Maria N. V. McDougall, Richard P. N. Veregin
  • Ballistic aerosol marking venturi pipe geometry for printing onto a transfuse substrate
    Patent number: 7273208
    Abstract: Various venturi configurations are described that are particularly significant for ballistic aerosol marking (BAM) applications. The specific venturi geometries enable the printing of lines having sharp edges and particular widths, using relatively low pressures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 13, 2005
    Date of Patent: September 25, 2007
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Karen Ann Moffat, Subajinie Sathiyavanthan, Maria N. V. McDougall, Edward G. Zwartz, Richard P. N. Veregin, Caroline Melanie Turek
  • Toner processes
    Patent number: 7041425
    Abstract: A process including blending a latex emulsion of resin, water, and an ionic surfactant, a colorant dispersion comprised of a colorant, water, and an ionic surfactant; and a wax dispersion comprised of wax, water and an ionic surfactant, heating the resulting mixture in the presence of coagulants, one of which is a source of calcium ions, which heating is below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the latex resin and subsequently heating above about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the latex resin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 2004
    Date of Patent: May 9, 2006
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Michael A. Hopper, Joseph Bartel, Maria N. V. McDougall, Patricia A. Burns, Richard P. N. Veregin