Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon charges are converted in a deasphalting section in the presence of solvents and obtaining two streams, one consisting of deasphalted oil and the other one containing asphaltenes, mixing the deasphalted oil stream with a hydrogenation catalyst and passing the thus obtained mixture to a hydroprocessing section containing hydrogen or hydrogen/H2S, mixing the stream consisting of asphaltenes discharged from the deasphalting section with an appropriate hydrogenation catalyst and passing the obtained mixture to a second hydroprocessing section where it is reacted with hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and H2S, passing both the stream containing the reaction product with dispersed catalyst from the hydroprocessing section and the stream containing the reaction product with dispersed catalyst from the second hydroprocessing section, to one or more distillation or flash stages, whereby the more volatile fractions are separated from the distillation residue (tar) or from the liquid discharged from the

Abstract: Process for obtaining a “diesel cut” fuel having a CN cetane number equal to or greater than 48 and a content of aromatics lower than 0.4% by weight starting from olefins or their mixtures, characterized in that it comprises oligomerizing said olefins having from 2 to 10 carbon, distilling the stream obtained from the oligomerization, and hydrogenating the separated C12-C24 hydrocarbon stream.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from mixtures essentially consisting of n-butane and isobutane (such as for example field butanes) comprising a skeleton isomerization section, a dehydrogenation section of paraffins, a selective hydrogenation section of butadiene, two conversion sections of olefins, in which the isobutene is firstly selectively transformed by means of dimerization and/or etherification, followed by the linear butenes by means of alkylation, in order to obtain, by joining the products of the two conversion sections, a product having excellent motoristic properties (octane number, volatility and distillation curve).

Abstract: Use of a liquid oxygenated product with a cetane number higher than 50, consisting of one or more compounds selected from dialkyl-polyformals represented by the formula

Abstract: A process is described for the production of hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from mixtures essentially consisting of n-butane and isobutane (such as for example field butanes) comprising a skeleton isomerization section, a dehydrogenation section of paraffins, a selective hydrogenation section of butadiene, two conversion sections of olefins, in which the isobutene is firstly selectively transformed by means of dimerization and/or etherification, followed by the linear butenes by means of alkylation, in order to obtain, by joining the products of the two conversion sections, a product having excellent motoristic properties (octane number, volatility and distillation curve).

Abstract: A liquid mixture having a cetane number higher than 40, comprising a typical diesel gas oil cut having a boiling point ranging from 150 to 380° C., and a density ranging from 0.76 and 0.935 g/ml at 15 ° C.; and one or more compounds selected from dialkyl-polyformals represented by the formula RO(CH2O)mR, wherein R is a CnH2n+1 alkyl chain, m is an integer equal to or greater than 2 and less than or equal to 6, n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, wherein the concentration of these dialkyl-polyformals in the gas oil ranges from 1 to 20%; and a process for production of dialkyl-polyformals using sulfonic acid-based catalysts.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of heavy charges such as heavy crude oils, tars from oil sands and distillation residues, by the combined use of the following three process units: hydroconversion with catalysts in slurry phase (HT), distillation or flash (D), deasphalting (SDA), characterized in that the three units operate on mixed streams consisting of fresh charge and recycled streams, by the use of the following steps:

Abstract: A process is described for the hydrogenation of olefinic streams containing sulfurated compounds, obtained starting from hydrocarbon cuts containing isobutene (by means of selective dimerization), characterized by fractionating said streams in one or more distillation columns and hydrogenating separately the two fractions obtained. The stream at the head, with a minimum content of sulfurated compounds, is hydrogenated with conventional catalysts based on nickel or noble metals (Platinum and/or Palladium), extremely active but also very sensitive to sulfur, whereas the bottom of the column, rich in sulfurated compounds, is treated with bimetallic catalysts (for example Ni/Co and/or Ni/Mo), less active but not deactivated by sulfur.

Abstract: A liquid mixture is described having a cetane number higher than 40, characterized in that it consists of: a typical diesel gas oil cut having a boiling point ranging from 150 to 380° C. and a density ranging from 0.76 to 0.935 g/ml at 15° C.; one or more compounds selected from dialkyl-polyformals represented by the formula: RO(CH2O)mR wherein R is a CnH2n+1 alkyl chain m is an integer equal to or greater than 2 and less than or equal to 6, n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, wherein the concentration of said dialkyl-polyformals in the gas oil ranges from 1 to 20% by volume. A process is also described for the production of dialkyl-polyformals, starting from alcohols and/or dialkylformals and formaldehyde in the presence of sulfonic acids optionally substituted.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from hydrocarbon cuts containing isobutene by means of selective dimerization with acid catalysts, characterized in that the dimerization reaction is carried out in a tubular reactor using a feeding containing isobutene in quantities of less than 20% by weight and with a molar ratio linear olefins/isobutene greater than 3, preferably operating at a reaction temperature ranging from 30 to 120° C., at a pressure of less than 5 MPa and at feeding space velocities of less than 60 h−1.

Abstract: Process for obtaining a “diesel cut” fuel having a CN cetane number equal to or greater than 48 and a content of aromatics lower than 0.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from hydrocarbon cuts containing isobutene by selective dimerization with acid catalysts, characterized in that the dimerization reaction is carried out in the presence of tertiary alcohols, alkyl ethers and primary alcohols in such a quantity as to have, in the feeding, a molar ratio tertiary alcohols+alkyl ethers+primary alcohols/isobutene higher than 0.1, a molar ratio tertiary alcohols/isobutene lower than 0.2 and a molar ratio primary alcohols/isobutene lower than 0.2, preferably operating at a reaction temperature ranging from 30 to 120° C., at a pressure lower than 5 MPa and feeding space velocities of less than 30 h−1.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from mixtures essentially consisting of n-butane and isobutane (such as for example field butanes) comprising a skeleton isomerization section, a dehydrogenation section of paraffins, a selective hydrogenation section of butadiene, two conversion sections of olefins, in which the isobutene is firstly selectively transformed by means of dimerization and/or etherification, followed by the linear butenes by means of alkylation, in order to obtain, by joining the products of the two conversion sections, a product having excellent motoristic properties (octane number, volatility and distillation curve).

Abstract: A process is described for the production of hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from hydrocarbon cuts containing isobutene by means of selective dimerization with acid catalysts, characterized in that the dimerization reaction is carried out in a tubular reactor using a feeding containing isobutene in quantities of less than 20% by weight and with a molar ratio linear olefins/isobutene greater than 3, preferably operating at a reaction temperature ranging from 30 to 120° C., at a pressure of less than 5 MPa and at feeding space velocities of less than 60 h−1.

Abstract: Liquid mixture suitable as gasoline characterized in hat it has a RON octane number equal to or higher than 90 and a MON octane number equal to or higher than 80 and that it essentially consists of: a typical gasoline cut, having a boiling point ranging from 30 to 220° C. consisting of hydrocarbon compounds; one or more compounds deriving from the selective oligomerization of isobutene, which may optionally have been at least partially hydrogenated, in a quantity ranging from 0.5 to 20% by weight, wherein the dimers of isobutene and possible co-dimers of isobutene with n-butenes are in a quantity of at least 80% by weight; optionally ethanol in a quantity ranging from 0 to 10% by weight, the complement to 100 being said gasoline cut.

Abstract: Process for the production of ethers starting from alcohols, in the presence of liquid acid catalysts, essentially comprising the following steps: a) sending a stream containing C4-C10 alcohols to a reaction zone obtaining a product essentially consisting of ethers and the acid catalyst; b) feeding the product essentially consisting of ethers and the acid catalyst to an extraction zone with C4-C10 alcohols in order to obtain a stream essentially consisting of ethers and a stream containing said alcohols and said catalyst; c) sending the non-reacted alcohols and the water formed by the reaction zone to a distillation zone from which an azeotropic alcohol/water stream is obtained together with the residual stream which is sent to the reaction zone; d) sending the azeotropic alcohol/water stream to a separation zone to separate the alcohol, which is recycled to the reaction zone, from the aqueous stream.

Abstract: The process for the conversion of heavy crude oils or distillation residues to distillates comprises the following steps:mixing the heavy crude oil or distillation residue with a suitable hydrogenation catalyst and sending the mixture obtained to a hydrotreating reactor introducing hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and H.sub.2 S;sending the stream containing the hydrotreating reaction product and the catalyst in slurry phase to a distillation zone where the most volatile fractions are separated;sending the high-boiling fraction obtained in the distillation step to a deasphaltation step obtaining two streams, one consisting of deasphalted oil (DAO), the other consisting of asphaltenes, catalyst in slurry phase, possibly coke and rich in metals coming from the initial charge;recycling at least 60%, preferably at least 80% of the stream consisting of asphaltenes, catalyst in slurry phase, optionally coke and rich in metals, to the hydrotreatment zone.

Abstract: Process of catalytic partial oxidation of natural gas in order to obtain synthesis gas and formaldehyde, integrated with processes of hydrogenation of the resulting CO, such as Fischer-Tropsch and methanol syntheses. Such an oxidation is carried out by means of a catalyst constituted by one or more compounds of metals form Platinum Group, which is given the shape of wire meshes, or is deposited on a carrier made from inorganic compounds, in such a way that the level of metal or metals from Platinum Group, as percent by weight, is comprised within the range of from 0.1 to 20% of the total weight of catalyst and carrier, by operating at temperatures comprised within the range of from 300.degree. to 950.degree. C., under pressures comprised within the range of from 0.5 to 50 Atm, at space velocities comprised within the range of from 20,000 to 1,500,000 h.sup.-1.

Abstract: A process is described for the joint production of ethers and hydrocarbons with a high octane number starting from C.sub.4 hydrocarbon cuts containing isobutene, by oligomerization with acid catalysts, in the presence of primary alcohols selected from methanol or ethanol in such a quantity as to have a molar ratio primary alcohols/isobutene in the feeding of between 0.2 and 0.7, preferably operating at a reaction temperature of between 30.degree. and 100.degree. C. and at feeding space velocities of less than 20 h.sup.-1.

Abstract: A catalyst system for the liquid-phase production of methanol from synthesis gas is described, consisting of:one or more copper compounds;one or more alkoxides of the lanthanum group of formula (R.sub.1 O).sub.x Ln and/or one or more inorganic oxides of the lanthanum and/or aluminium group;one or more alkaline and/or alkaline-earth alkoxides of formula (R.sub.a O).sub.x M,if at least one alkoxide of the lanthanum group is present, then one or more alkoxides of the titanium group of formula (R.sub.t O).sub.x T is present,where R.sub.1, R.sub.a and R.sub.t, which can be the same or different, are C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl groups,M is the alkaline or alkaline-earth metal,Ln is an element or the lanthanum group,T is an element of the titanium group,x is equal to the valency of the metal or element.