Abstract: A preferred method for identifying a type of abnormality in an insulation system of a power transformer comprises measuring dielectric losses in a section of the insulation system, calculating theoretical dielectric losses for the section based on the material properties, geometry, and temperature of the section, and generating a graphical representation of a percent difference between the measured and calculated dielectric losses. The preferred method also comprises comparing a shape of the graphical representation with a shape of one or more graphical representations of a percent difference between measured and theoretical dielectric losses in one or more other sections of insulation each known to have a specific type of abnormality.

Abstract: Webs can be embossed and laminated using irregular bonding patterns with the pin-on-pin embossing process. Different patterns are provided onto each web and the webs are joined in a bonding nip to form a laminate. The bonding pattern formed in the bonding nip is irregular. The irregularity of the bonding pattern reduces vibrations within the machinery and allows increased machine speed. The irregularity of the pattern can be determined using the Self-Similarity Count or the Energy Suppression Factor method.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a registration mark representing a binary code sequence of N bits. A sensor is provided to output values indicating whether positive bits, negative bits, or no bits of the binary code sequence are detected. A sequence of N sensor values are provided to a code matching filter for comparison with the binary code sequence. The code matching filter increases a value of a detection signal for each sensor value which matches its corresponding bit, decreases the detection signal value for each sensor value which is complementary to its corresponding bit, and neither increases nor decreases the detection signal value in response to a sensor value indicating detection of no bit of the binary code sequence. When the binary code sequence is a Barker code, the code matching filter yields the ideal Barker auto-correlation function response whenever the binary code sequence is detected.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a registration mark associated with an object which provides improved resolution between matching and non-matching inputs. The registration mark represents a binary code sequence. Upon detecting a sequence of bits with a sensor, the detected sequence is provided to a code matching filter, which compares the detected sequence with the binary code sequence and produces a detection signal. The code matching filter increases a value of the detection signal for each matching pair of compared bits, and decreases the value of the detection signal for each non-matching pair of compared bits. In this manner, a penalty is assessed for mismatches. This results in a filter output having a high amplitude in response to a matching input, and a low amplitude for non-matching inputs. The system may sample the detected sequence of bits in such a manner as to avoid potential edge timing problems.

Abstract: Webs can be embossed and laminated using irregular bonding patterns with the pin-on-pin embossing process. Different patterns are provided onto each web and the webs are joined in a bonding nip to form a laminate. The bonding pattern formed in the bonding nip is irregular. The irregularity of the bonding pattern reduces vibrations within the machinery and allows increased machine speed. The irregularity of the pattern can be determined using the Self-Similarity Count or the Energy Suppression Factor method.

Abstract: Webs can be embossed and laminated using irregular bonding patterns with the pin-on-pin embossing process. Different patterns are provided onto each web and the webs are joined in a bonding nip to form a laminate. The bonding pattern formed in the bonding nip is irregular. The irregularity of the bonding pattern reduces vibrations within the machinery and allows increased machine speed. The irregularity of the pattern can be determined using the Self-Similarity Count or the Energy Suppression Factor method.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining the size adequacy of a current transformer in an electrical power distribution system. The apparatus includes a voltage generating source for connection in series with a current transformer secondary circuit, which source saturates the current transformer. A first signal is provided which is indicative of the voltage required to cause the current transformer to enter saturation. A second signal is provided which is indicative of the resistance of the secondary circuit of the current transformer after saturation. A third signal is then provided which is responsive to the product of the second signal and predetermined constant value. A ratio of the first to the third signals which exceeds unity indicates adequacy of the current transformer for a given system.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting gap-type defects in power line equipment in response to broadband radio frequency noise generated by such faults. The apparatus includes a radio receiver coupled to an antenna to receive the noise and provide first signals responsive thereto. Squelch circuitry attenuates the first signals below a predetermined magnitude and outputs second signals responsive to first signals which exceed the predetermined magnitude. Sample and hold circuitry provides third signals in response to the second signals, i.e. in the time periods in which the second signals are not squelched. Filter circuitry separates gap noise from other local noise by determining the periodicity of the third signals, providing fourth signals in response to third signals having a predetermined repetitive rate. Indicator circuitry responsive to the fourth signals identifies the times in which periodic noise indicative of gap-type noise is detected.