Abstract: An improved system for concentrating magnetic flux of a multi-pole magnetic structure at the surface of a ferromagnetic target uses pole pieces having a magnet-to-pole piece interface with a first area and a pole piece-to-target interface with a second area substantially smaller than the first area, where the target can be a ferromagnetic material or a complementary pole pieces. The multi-pole magnetic structure can be a coded magnetic structure or an alternating polarity structure comprising two polarity directions, or can be a hybrid structure comprising more than two polarity directions. A magnetic structure can be made up of discrete magnets or can be a printed magnetic structure.

Abstract: An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having irregular polarity patterns defined in accordance with one-dimensional codes, where an irregular polarity pattern is at least one of an asymmetrical polarity pattern or an uneven polarity pattern. Such one-dimensional codes define at least one peak force and a plurality of off peak spatial forces corresponding to a plurality of alignments of said first and second field emission structures per code modulo, where a peak force is a spatial force produced when all aligned field emission sources produce an attractive force or all aligned field emission sources produce a repellant force and an off peak spatial force is a spatial force resulting from cancellation of at least one attractive force by at least one repellant force.

Abstract: An system for manufacturing a field emission structure is provided that involves a magnet supplying device and a magnet placement device for placing each of a plurality of magnets at a corresponding location of a plurality of locations of the field emission structure. The corresponding location and a corresponding orientation of each of the magnets relative to each other are defined in accordance with a code that specifies at least one magnet of the plurality of magnets having a first polarity orientation and at least one other magnet of the plurality of magnets having a second polarity orientation that is opposite from the first polarity orientation.

Abstract: An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.

Abstract: A magnetizing printer and a method are described herein for printing one or more magnetic sources (maxels) having a first polarity onto a side of a previously magnetized magnet having an opposite polarity.

Abstract: A system for authenticating an optical pattern created by exposing a magnetically sensitive material to one or more magnetic field sources. The system includes illumination sources configured to illuminate the optical pattern, sensors configured to generate sensed optical characteristic data when the optical pattern is illuminated, a memory configured to store a reference optical data associated with a reference optical pattern, and a processor configured to access the memory and compare the reference optical data to the sensed optical characteristic data in order to authenticate the optical pattern.

Abstract: An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.

Abstract: A detachable cover system is described herein for covering an opening of an enclosure. The system comprises an enclosure, a cover, a first magnetic structure attached to the enclosure, a second magnetic system attached to the cover, and a coil in proximity to one of the first magnetic structure and the second magnetic structure. The first and second magnetic structures are configured to magnetically attach such that the cover covers the opening. The coil is controllable to produce a magnetic field that causes magnetic detachment of the first magnetic structure from the second magnetic structure such that said cover no longer covers the opening.

Abstract: An improved system for generating graphene involves producing a plurality of ionized carbon atoms in a plasma generation chamber and providing the plurality of ionized carbon atoms to a graphene generation chamber having a magnetic structure. The graphene generation chamber generates graphene from said plurality of ionized carbon atoms over said magnetic structure such that said graphene floats over said magnetic structure due to said graphene being diamagnetic. The rate at which the plurality of ionized carbon atoms is produced is controlled to control the rate of graphene generation. The magnetic field of the magnetic structure can be controlled to control the rate at which the generated graphene moves through the graphene generation chamber until it exits as a recovered graphene product.

Abstract: Magnetic structure production may relate, by way of example but not limitation, to methods, systems, etc. for producing magnetic structures by printing magnetic pixels (aka maxels) into a magnetizable material. Disclosed herein is production of magnetic structures having, for example: maxels of varying shapes, maxels with different positioning, individual maxels with different properties, maxel patterns having different magnetic field characteristics, combinations thereof, and so forth. In certain example implementations disclosed herein, a second maxel may be printed such that it partially overwrites a first maxel to produce a magnetic structure having overlapping maxels. In certain example implementations disclosed herein, a magnetic printer may include a print head comprising multiple parts and having various properties. In certain example implementations disclosed herein, various techniques for using a magnetic printer may be employed to produce different magnetic structures.

Abstract: A system and method for tailoring a polarity transition of a magnetic structure is provided that involves printing one or more reinforcing maxels alongside one side or both sides of a polarity transition boundary between a first polarity region of the magnetic structure having a first polarity and a second polarity region of the magnetic structure having a second polarity, where printing reinforcing maxels alongside the polarity transition boundary improves the magnetic field characteristics of the polarity transition.

Abstract: An electrical system includes an electrical adapter and a stackable electrical adapter. The electrical adapter includes at least one of an electrical plug or an Edison screw base configured to receive a primary voltage, a voltage converter circuit configured to convert the primary voltage to the secondary voltage, and a first electrical connector part configured to be detachably coupled to a second electrical connector part of an electrical fixture configured to be powered by the secondary voltage. The stackable electrical adapter is configured to be powered by the secondary voltage, the first stackable electrical adapter having a first side and a second side opposite the first side.

Abstract: An improved system and method for moving an object includes a first correlated magnetic structure associated with a first object and a second correlated magnetic structure associated with a second object. The first and second correlated magnetic structures are complementary coded to achieve a peak attractive tensile force and a peak shear force when their code modulos are aligned thereby enabling magnetic attachment of the two objects whereby movement of one object causes movement of the other object as if the two objects were one object. Applying an amount of torque to one correlated magnetic structures greater than a torque threshold causes misalignment and decorrelation of the code modulos enabling detachment of the two objects. The number, location, and coding of the correlated magnetic structures can be selected to achieve specific torque characteristics, tensile force characteristics, and shear force characteristics.

Abstract: A system for controlling flux of a multi-pole magnetic structure includes a movable magnetic circuit where the position of the moveable magnetic circuit relative to the multi-pole magnetic structure determines the flux emitted by the magnetic structure. The moveable magnetic circuit may be configured to have a tipping movement, a translational movement, and/or a rotational movement relative to the multi-pole magnetic structure.

Abstract: A magnetic hinge system includes a first component that is associated with a first object, a second component that is associated with a second object, and an axle. The first component includes a first hole and a first magnetic structure having a first plurality of magnetic source regions having a first polarity pattern. The second component includes a second hole and a second magnetic structure having a second plurality of magnetic source regions having a second polarity pattern complementary to said first polarity pattern. The axle can be inserted into the first hole and the second hole such that the first and second magnetic structures face each other across an interface boundary, where the first polarity pattern and the second polarity pattern are in accordance with a cyclic implementation of a code of length N that has a cyclic correlation function having a single peak and a plurality of off peaks per code modulo.

Abstract: A magnetizer for magnetizing magnetic field sources into a magnetizable material includes a magnetization subsystem, a motion control system, and a magnetizer control system. The magnetization subsystem includes a magnetizing inductor comprising a plurality of flat conductor layers and a plurality of insulating layers that form multiple turns of a coil having an aperture and a magnetization circuitry for applying a current to the magnetizing inductor to generate a magnetizing field having a high magnetic flux density in and near said aperture that is sufficient to magnetize said magnetizable material and having a low magnetic flux density elsewhere that is insufficient to substantially magnetize said magnetizable material.

Abstract: An improved magnetic attachment is disclosed including a mechanical constraining mechanism and a magnetic structure comprising a plurality of magnetic sources in a polarity pattern. The magnetic structure has an interface boundary when magnetically interfacing with a complementary magnetic structure. The mechanical constraining mechanism constrains the relative motion of the magnetic structure to one or more degrees of freedom.

Abstract: Systems and methods for arranging magnetic sources for producing field patterns having high gradients for precision positioning, position sensing, and pulse generation. Magnetic fields may be arranged in accordance with codes having a maximum positive cross correlation and a maximum negative cross correlation value in proximity in the correlation function, thereby producing a high gradient slope corresponding to a high gradient force or signal associated with the magnetic structure. Various codes for doublet, triplet, and quad peak patterns are disclosed. Applications include force and torque pattern generators. A variation including magnetic sensors is disclosed for precision position sensing. The forces or sensor outputs may have a precision zero crossing between two adjacent and opposite maximum correlation peaks.

Abstract: A shunt plate is provided that is associated with a first side of a multi-pole magnetic structure. The shunt plate provides a magnetic short between opposite polarity magnetic sources on the first side of said magnetic structure, the magnetic short causing a magnetic flux of said opposite polarity magnetic sources to be routed from said first side of the magnetic structure through said magnetic structure to the second side of said magnetic structure. The thickness of the shunt plate is selected by determining the integrated flux across a magnetic source of the magnetic structure such that the corresponding flux density in the shunt plate does not substantially exceed the flux density saturation level of a cross section of the shunt plate.

Abstract: A system is described herein for monitoring the movement of one or more magnets located external to a device using the vector data from one or more magnetic vector sensors incorporated in the device to determine a position and/or to communicate information