Patents by Inventor Mark D. Scott
Mark D. Scott has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 8454934Abstract: A chelation structure and method of forming and using the chelation structure. The chelation structure has a backbone that includes a linear sequence of monomeric backbone units, at least one polymer side chain, and at least one chelator side chain. The side chains are each covalently coupled to the backbone at one of the monomeric backbone units by a bond that is independently biodegradable or non-biodegradable. The chelation structure is synthesized by Radical Addition Fragmentation Transfer (RAFT), Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP), or Free Radical Polymerization (FRP). The chelation structure, individually or in combination with a shuttle chelator, may be introduced into a mammal to bind an amount of a substance in a mammal, the substance being at least one of a metal and heme. The chelation structure has a log stability constant exceeding that of the shuttle chelator for binding the substance within cells of the mammal.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 2006Date of Patent: June 4, 2013Assignee: Canadian Blood ServicesInventors: Mark D. Scott, Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
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Patent number: 8067151Abstract: A method for storing and using platelets and an associated platelet structure. At least one modified platelet is formed. Each modified platelet includes a platelet and at least one polymerated chemical. Each polymerated chemical includes a polymer covalently bonded directly to the platelet or includes the polymer and a linker molecule such that the linker molecule is covalently bonded to the platelet and the polymer is covalently attached to the linker molecule. The polymer of each polymerated chemical of each modified platelet is polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a PEG derivative. Forming each modified platelet does not include modifying the platelet membrane of each platelet with a glycan-modifying agent. The at least one modified platelet is stored in a temperature range below 0° C. After being stored, the at least one modified platelet may be introduced into a subject to treat a condition related to a reduced platelet function.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2008Date of Patent: November 29, 2011Assignee: Canadian Blood ServicesInventors: Elisabeth Maurer, Mark D. Scott, Nobu Kitamura
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Patent number: 8007784Abstract: The present invention is directed to a non-immunogenic cellular composition comprising: a cell having a cell surface and antigenic determinants on the cell surface; an optional linker molecule covalently attached to the cell surface; and a hydrophilic, biocompatible, non-immunogenicity providing compound or polymer (e.g., polyethylene glycol or a derivative thereof) covalently attached to the linker molecule or directly to the cell. In one embodiment, the linker molecule is covalently attached directly to the antigenic determinant on the cell surface. In an alternate embodiment, the linker molecule may be covalently attached to a non-antigenic site on the cell surface, but will camouflage the antigenic determinant on the cell surface.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1999Date of Patent: August 30, 2011Assignee: Albany Medical CollegeInventors: Mark D. Scott, John W. Eaton
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Patent number: 7964339Abstract: A method for storing and using platelets and an associated platelet structure. At least one modified platelet is formed. Each modified platelet includes a platelet and at least one polymerated chemical. Each polymerated chemical includes a polymer covalently bonded directly to the platelet or includes the polymer and a linker molecule such that the linker molecule is covalently bonded to the platelet and the polymer is covalently attached to the linker molecule. The polymer of each polymerated chemical of each modified platelet is polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a PEG derivative. Forming each modified platelet does not include modifying the platelet membrane of each platelet with a glycan-modifying agent. The at least one modified platelet is stored in a temperature range below 20° C. for at least one hour. After being stored, the at least one modified platelet may be introduced into a mammal.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2007Date of Patent: June 21, 2011Assignee: Canadian Blood ServicesInventors: Mark D. Scott, Elisabeth Maurer
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Publication number: 20090041737Abstract: A method for storing and using platelets and an associated platelet structure. At least one modified platelet is formed. Each modified platelet includes a platelet and at least one polymerated chemical. Each polymerated chemical includes a polymer covalently bonded directly to the platelet or includes the polymer and a linker molecule such that the linker molecule is covalently bonded to the platelet and the polymer is covalently attached to the linker molecule. The polymer of each polymerated chemical of each modified platelet is polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a PEG derivative. Forming each modified platelet does not include modifying the platelet membrane of each platelet with a glycan-modifying agent. The at least one modified platelet is stored in a temperature range below 0° C. After being stored, the at least one modified platelet may be introduced into a subject to treat a condition related to a reduced platelet function.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 14, 2008Publication date: February 12, 2009Inventors: Elisabeth Maurer, Mark D. Scott, Nobu Kitamura
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Publication number: 20080193430Abstract: A method for storing and using platelets and an associated platelet structure. At least one modified platelet is formed. Each modified platelet includes a platelet and at least one polymerated chemical. Each polymerated chemical includes a polymer covalently bonded directly to the platelet or includes the polymer and a linker molecule such that the linker molecule is covalently bonded to the platelet and the polymer is covalently attached to the linker molecule. The polymer of each polymerated chemical of each modified platelet is polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a PEG derivative. Forming each modified platelet does not include modifying the platelet membrane of each platelet with a glycan-modifying agent. The at least one modified platelet is stored in a temperature range below 20° C. for at least one hour. After being stored, the at least one modified platelet may be introduced into a mammal.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 9, 2007Publication date: August 14, 2008Inventors: Mark D. Scott, Elisabeth Maurer
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Publication number: 20070274945Abstract: A chelation structure and method of forming and using the chelation structure. The chelation structure has a backbone that includes a linear sequence of monomeric backbone units, at least one polymer side chain, and at least one chelator side chain. The side chains are each covalently coupled to the backbone at one of the monomeric backbone units by a bond that is independently biodegradable or non-biodegradable. The chelation structure is synthesized by Radical Addition Fragmentation Transfer (RAFT), Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP), or Free Radical Polymerization (FRP). The chelation structure, individually or in combination with a shuttle chelator, may be introduced into a mammal to bind an amount of a substance in a mammal, the substance being at least one of a metal and heme. The chelation structure has a log stability constant exceeding that of the shuttle chelator for binding the substance within cells of the mammal.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 25, 2006Publication date: November 29, 2007Inventors: Mark D. Scott, Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
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Patent number: 7232460Abstract: An in-vivo method and apparatus is disclosed that comprises at least one sensor for determining changes in a human's an animal's body and reporting said changes outside the body. The sensor may be embedded in a sheath. The apparatus may be used to monitor chemical or physical changes in the body fluids. Alternatively, the apparatus may be used to monitor and regulate chemical or physical levels in humans and animals.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 2002Date of Patent: June 19, 2007Assignee: Xillus, Inc.Inventors: Julian Van Erlach, Arlen L. Olsen, Jeffrey M. Smith, Laura B. Smith, Gerald E. Bender, Audra L. Stinchcomb, Denis P. Donnelly, James E. Peterson, Roger D. Whitmer, Gerald F. Dudding, Mark D. Scott
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Patent number: 6816464Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for route checking and management is described herein. In a voice over internet protocol environment, the invention allows for the testing of routes among various gateways. In one embodiment, gateways include routing managers for checking and storing route information. The method of the invention includes checking candidate routes for the level of quality, location and cost levels. Further, users can prioritize routes based on these criteria.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 2000Date of Patent: November 9, 2004Assignee: Array Telecom CorporationInventors: Mark D. Scott, Anita T. Cheng
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Patent number: 6699465Abstract: A chemo-physiological structure and method for forming the chemo-physiological structure. In a first embodiment, a cell of an animal is provided. The cell has a membrane surface and a viral receptor coupled to the membrane surface. A linker molecule having a covalently attached polymer is covalently bonded to the membrane surface, the viral receptor, or both. The polymer prevents an extracellular virus from bonding to the viral receptor. In a second embodiment, a linker molecule having a covalently attached polymer is covalently bonded to a capsid of a virus, which prevents the virus from bonding to a viral receptor of an adjacent or nearby animal cell.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2001Date of Patent: March 2, 2004Assignee: Albany Medical CollegeInventor: Mark D. Scott
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Patent number: 6555656Abstract: A prion-physiological structure and associated method of formation. A provided abnormal prion has a transforming power over a normal prion to convert the abnornal prion into defective prion that mimics the abnormal prion. A linker molecule is then bonded to the abnormal prion, wherein a polymer that is covalently attached to the linker molecule facilitates formation of a polymerized abnormal prion that does not have the transforming power over the normal prion.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2001Date of Patent: April 29, 2003Assignee: Albany Medical CollegeInventor: Mark D. Scott
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Patent number: 6524586Abstract: A method and structure for forming a viral-physiological structure. A naked virus having a capsid is provided. A linker molecule having a covalently attached polymer is covalently bonded to the capsid to form a polymer-protected virus. An immunogenicity of the polymer-protected virus with respect to an animal exceeds an immunogenicity of the naked virus with respect to the animal.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignee: Albany Medical CollegeInventor: Mark D. Scott
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Publication number: 20030032892Abstract: An in-vivo method and apparatus is disclosed that comprises at least one sensor for determining changes in a human's an animal's body and reporting said changes outside the body. The sensor may be embedded in a sheath. The apparatus may be used to monitor chemical or physical changes in the body fluids. Alternatively, the apparatus may be used to monitor and regulate chemical or physical levels in humans and animals.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 25, 2002Publication date: February 13, 2003Inventors: Julian Van Erlach, Arlen L. Olsen, Jeffrey M. Smith, Laura B. Smith, Gerald E. Bender, Audra L. Stinchcomb, Denis P. Donnelly, James E. Peterson, Roger D. Whitmer, Gerald F. Dudding, Mark D. Scott
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Publication number: 20020173029Abstract: A chemo-physiological structure and method for forming the chemo-physiological structure. In a first embodiment, a cell of an animal is provided. The cell has a membrane surface and a viral receptor coupled to the membrane surface. A linker molecule having a covalently attached polymer is covalently bonded to the membrane surface, the viral receptor, or both. The polymer prevents an extracellular virus from bonding to the viral receptor. In a second embodiment, a linker molecule having a covalently attached polymer is covalently bonded to a capsid of a virus, which prevents the virus from bonding to a viral receptor of an adjacent or nearby animal cell.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 2001Publication date: November 21, 2002Inventor: Mark D. Scott
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Publication number: 20020172689Abstract: A method and structure for forming a viral-physiological structure. A naked virus having a capsid is provided. A linker molecule having a covalently attached polymer is covalently bonded to the capsid to form a polymer-protected virus. An immunogenicity of the polymer-protected virus with respect to an animal exceeds an immunogenicity of the naked virus with respect to the animal.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 2001Publication date: November 21, 2002Inventor: Mark D. Scott
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Publication number: 20020172977Abstract: A prion-physiological structure and associated method of formation. A provided abnormal prion has a transforming power over a normal prion to convert the abnormal prion into defective prion that mimics the abnormal prion. A linker molecule is then bonded to the abnormal prion, wherein a polymer that is covalently attached to the linker molecule facilitates formation of a polymerized abnormal prion that does not have the transforming power over the normal prion.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 2001Publication date: November 21, 2002Inventor: Mark D. Scott
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Publication number: 20020111551Abstract: A method for detecting body condition using nano and microdevices is disclosed. The microdevice or nanodevice is inserted into a fluid stream within a body, and used in detecting a bodily condition. The bodily condition may be myocardial infarction, stroke, sickle cell anemia, phlebitis, or a vascular aneurysm. The micro or nano device may be detected using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), electron spin resonance (ESR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2000Publication date: August 15, 2002Inventors: Julian Van Erlach, Arlen L. Olsen, Jeffrey M. Smith, Laura B. Smith, Gerald E. Bender, Audra L. Stinchcomb, Denis P. Donnelly, Mark D. Scott, James E. Peterson, Robert S. Hirsch
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Publication number: 20020098472Abstract: A method for inserting a microdevice or nanodevice into a body fluid stream is disclosed. The micro or nanodevice may be inserted into or external to a cell, e.g., a red blood cell. For insertion into the cell, techniques such as reversible osmotic lysis, electroporation, microfine needle injection, and particle gun injection may be used. For the external device, it may be chemically modified with an organo hydroxyl, such as poly (ethylene glycol), methoxypoly (ethylene glycol). Also, it may include a lipid anchor.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2000Publication date: July 25, 2002Inventors: Julian Van Erlach, Arlen L. Olsen, Jeffrey M. Smith, Laura B. Smith, Gerald E. Bender, Audra L. Stinchcomb, Denis P. Donnelly, Mark D. Scott, James E. Peterson, Robert S. Hirsch
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Publication number: 20020094515Abstract: A method and apparatus for attaching a microdevice or nanodevice to a biological member is disclosed. The biological member is one of a blood cell, lipid molecules, a liver cell, a nerve cell, a skin cell, a bone cell, a lymph cell, an endocrine cell, a circulatory cell, a muscle cell. The nanodevice or microdevice includes one of a diagnostic system, a transmitter, a receiver, a battery, a transistor, a capacitor, and a detector.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2000Publication date: July 18, 2002Inventors: Julian Van Erlach, Arlen L. Olsen, Jeffrey M. Smith, Laura B. Smith, Gerald E. Bender, Audra L. Stinchcomb, Denis P. Donnelly, Mark D. Scott, James E. Peterson, Robert S. Hirsch
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Patent number: 5908624Abstract: The present invention is directed to a non-immunogenic cellular composition comprising: a cell having a cell surface and antigenic determinants on the cell surface; a linker molecule covalently attached to the cell surface; and a non-immunogenic compound (e.g., polyethylene glycol or derivative thereof) covalently attached to the linker molecule. In one embodiment, the linker molecule is covalently attached directly to the antigenic determinant on the cell surface. In an alternate embodiment, the linker molecule may be covalently attached to a non-antigenic site on the cell surface, but will camouflage the antigenic determinant on the cell surface by virtue of the long chain length of the non-immunogenic compound.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1996Date of Patent: June 1, 1999Assignee: Albany Medical CollegeInventors: Mark D. Scott, John W. Eaton