Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring optical cable for disturbance events by providing dual monitoring systems where optical signals are received from at least one optical fiber of the cable which are modified by disturbance events. Two separate and distinct algorithms are applied to the received optical signals to generate first and second outputs related to the disturbance event where in a control system information from the first and second outputs is used to determine if an alarm should be issued. The monitoring systems can use a single DAS system and operate on the same data independently preferably using one algorithm which uses ZONE processes to obtain data about different zones in the fiber. Alternatively two DAS systems can be used, one DAS system and one ZONE system or two ZONE systems. In all cases weather data can be used to assist the two algorithms in determining the presence of false alarms.

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring optical cable for disturbance events by providing dual monitoring systems where optical signals are received from at least one optical fiber of the cable which are modified by disturbance events. Two separate and distinct algorithms are applied to the received optical signals to generate first and second outputs related to the disturbance event where in a control system information from the first and second outputs is used to determine if an alarm should be issued. The monitoring systems can use a single DAS system and operate on the same data independently preferably using one algorithm which uses ZONE processes to obtain data about different zones in the fiber. Alternatively two DAS systems can be used, one DAS system and one ZONE system or two ZONE systems. In all cases weather data can be used to assist the two algorithms in determining the presence of false alarms.

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring optical cable for disturbance events by providing dual monitoring systems where optical signals are received from at least one optical fiber of the cable which are modified by disturbance events. Two separate and distinct algorithms are applied to the received optical signals to generate first and second outputs related to the disturbance event where in a control system information from the first and second outputs is used to determine if an alarm should be issued. The monitoring systems can use a single DAS system and operate on the same data independently preferably using one algorithm which uses ZONE processes to obtain data about different zones in the fiber. Alternatively two DAS systems can be used, one DAS system and one ZONE system or two ZONE systems. In all cases weather data can be used to assist the two algorithms in determining the presence of false alarms.

Abstract: An optical fiber is monitored for an intrusion event where reflected optical signals are divided into streams each associated with a respective location on the optical fiber. Blocks of the streams are selected each containing a plurality of streams and the streams are collated, for example by averaging, to create a single stream to which an algorithm is applied to create coefficients which are compared with a threshold value to generate an output indicative of disturbance of the fiber by an intrusion event. Each block representative of a length of the fiber is thus treated as a zone and the detection algorithm is applied to each. This creates a DAS system that does not require unique tuning as each zone is independently monitored.

Abstract: A method is provided for analyzing a monitoring signal from a sensing system to determine an alarm condition, where the monitoring signal is provided as a stream of digital values which are analyzed using a frequency-based transform to generate a set of transform coefficients which are compared to a set of envelope coefficients. The sensitivity of the analysis is automatically controlled to accommodate environmental noise on the fiber by increasing the envelope coefficients to make the analysis less sensitive at each cycle by adopting the larger value from the comparison and by decaying the envelope coefficients at each cycle over time to a smaller value down to a floor value.

Abstract: In some embodiments, optical fiber monitoring may be facilitated. In some embodiments, monitoring of an optical fiber may be performed via a detection system to detect changes in the optical fiber that are indicative of one or more events. During the monitoring, a monitor signal may be transmitted along the optical fiber via a light source, where the monitor signal is received by the detection system as light from the optical fiber. While the detection system continues to receive light from the optical fiber in connection with the transmitting of the monitor signal, a test disturbance event may be caused to occur at a predetermined location along the optical fiber via a device at the predetermined location. In response to a failure of the detection system to detect test-related changes in the optical fiber caused by the test disturbance event, a notification indicating an issue may be generated.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: A method is provided for analyzing a monitoring signal from a sensing system to determine an alarm condition, where the monitoring signal is provided as a stream of digital values which are analyzed using a frequency-based or time-based algorithm to generate a plot of elements, applying a delta to each element of the plot of elements to adjust sensitivity thereof to provide a threshold and comparing a plurality of the elements of the stream with the threshold and triggering the alarm condition in the event that the threshold is exceeded; where the algorithm is changed in different time periods in response to ambient conditions of the environment determined for those time periods.

Abstract: A leak in the membrane of a generally horizontal roof support deck includes dividing the membrane into separate zones and locating a sensor to detect moisture underneath the membrane. A unique digital code address is assigned to sensor where inputs of the sensors are connected to a single power and signaling cable system using a daisy chain. The serial bus controller is to interrogate each of the sensor devices using the address to identify zones where moisture is detected. A transmitting antenna is provided at each sensor which is switched on when moisture is detected for detecting of the sensor from above the membrane by a utility locate device to confirm the location of the sensor.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. :A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: A leak in the membrane of a generally horizontal roof support deck includes dividing the membrane into separate zones and locating a sensor to detect moisture underneath the membrane. A movable scanning device carried by a worker has a power supply antenna for supplying power by an electromagnetic wave to the sensor and the worker moves the scanning device to selected ones of the zones. At each selected zone the power supply antenna activates the sensor in the zone and the sensor to emits signals related to the moisture underneath the membrane as detected by the sensor device which are detected and recorded at the mobile scanning device.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: A leak in the membrane of a generally horizontal roof support deck includes dividing the membrane into separate zones and locating a sensor to detect moisture underneath the membrane. A unique digital code address is assigned to sensor where inputs of the sensors are connected to a single power and signaling cable system using a daisy chain. The serial bus controller is to interrogate each of the sensor devices using the address to identify zones where moisture is detected. A transmitting antenna is provided at each sensor which is switched on when moisture is detected for detecting of the sensor from above the membrane by a utility locate device to confirm the location of the sensor.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: In an optical fiber monitoring system which detects physical disturbance or other parameters such as temperature or strain of a fiber where a monitor signal is transmitted along the optical fiber and analyzed to detect changes which are indicative of an event, a method is provided for periodically checking proper operation of the optical fiber monitoring system. A fiber disturbance actuator periodically causes a pattern of disturbances of a portion of the fiber at a predetermined location thereon where the disturbance is characteristic of the event to be monitored. The monitor signal is analyzed to detect the pattern of changes and in the event that expected changes are not detected, a warning is issued that the intrusion detection system is not properly operating.

Abstract: A system for detecting an intrusion of at least one of a monitoring fiber and a detector comprises a sensor having a closure monitor and an intrusion monitor, the closure monitor including a signal generator and at least one detector attached to the monitoring fiber. The signal generator transmits signal light such that the monitoring fiber receives the transmitted signal light and reflects a portion of the signal light via the at least one detector to the closure monitor and transmits a non-reflected portion of the signal light. The intrusion monitor receives the transmitted non-reflected portion of the signal light, and monitors the non-reflected portion of the signal light to detect transient changes in the non-reflected portion of the signal light indicative of at least one of a vibration, a motion and a handling of at least one of the monitoring fiber and the at least one detector.