Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be used to determine a destination for sidelink transmission based on the priority of the transmission and/or other parameters associated with the transmission. In examples, a destination may be selected if one or more logical channels associated with the destination have a bucket size parameter exceeding a certain threshold and the one or more logical channels have a highest priority. Various other techniques are also described herein that relate to the configuration and/or report of QoS information, selection of sidelink resources, use of a minimum communication range, etc.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to implement layer 1/layer 2 (L1/L2) based inter-cell mobility procedures with reduced latency during handover or other mobility operations. The WTRU may be configured to receive configuration information associated with a plurality of candidate cells. The configuration information may be associated with a physical layer measurement for each candidate cell. The configuration information may include a measurement criteria. The WTRU may be configured to determine a subset of the plurality of candidate cells, with each candidate cell in the subset determined based on the measurement criteria. The WTRU may be configured to send a report indicating the subset. perform a physical layer measurement on the subset, and receive an indication to perform layer handover to a candidate cell of the subset.

Abstract: There may be approaches for sidelink unlicensed (SL U) channel access in Mode 2. For example, a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may perform SL U channel access and resource selection for channel occupancy time (COT) sharing and COT initiation within a resource selection window (RSW). The WTRU may detect COT and share based on control information, such as remaining duration, the number of scheduled transmission(s) within the COT, frequency resource assignment, priority, cast type, WTRU source and/or destination ID, COT/resource reservation, channel congestion, etc. The WTRU may determine SL COT initiation based on LBT and SCI sensing information including COT/resource reservation, priority, cast type, WTRU source and/or destination ID, channel congestion, etc. The WTRU may determine transmission resources within shared and initiated SL COT based on WTRU source and/or destination ID of a TB to transmit, RB interlace assignment indicated in decoded SCI associated with an overlapping reserved COT.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to selection and/or reselection of WTRUs and paths are provided. Among such methods is a method that may be implemented in a first WTRU and may include determining first measurements based on first sidelink transmissions received from a second WTRU; receiving, from the second WTRU, second measurements associated with a path between the first WTRU and a third WTRU, wherein second measurements are based, at least in part, on sidelink transmissions exchanged between the third WTRU and the second WTRU or between the third WTRU and a fourth WTRU; determining a measurement of the path based on any of the first and second measurements; determining transmission parameters for transmitting discovery messages during a communication period based on any of the measurement of the path and quality of service criteria; and transmitting the discovery messages according to the transmission parameters.

Abstract: Methods and devices may be provided for aggregating component carriers in the licensed spectrum with at least one component carriers in the licensed exempt spectrum. Control information may be processed in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) while receiving and sending information on a primary component carrier (PCC) and a supplementary component carrier (SuppCC). A PCC subframe with a control portion and a data portion may be received. Resource assignment information associated with a downlink shared channel on the PCC may be embedded in the control portion of the subframe. Based on the resource assignment information on the PCC, resource assignment information associated with a downlink shared channel on the SuppCC may be identified in the data portion of the PCC subframe. A SuppCC subframe of the shared channel on the SuppCC may be processed as per the identified resource assignment information associated with the downlink shared channel on the SuppCC.

Abstract: A method may include detecting a sidelink radio link failure and, in response, starting a first timer based on a first timer value associated with selection of a candidate node. The candidate node is a relay node or a network node. The relay node is selected for a connection reestablishment and configuration information is received that at least includes a second timer value associated with a second timer, which is associated with the connection reestablishment. The first timer is stopped upon selecting the candidate node. If the configuration information includes a third timer value associated with the connection reestablishment, the second timer is started using the third timer value upon selecting the candidate node. If the configuration information does not include the third timer value, the second timer is started using the second timer value upon selecting the candidate node. A reestablishment request message is then sent.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for sidelink (SL) communication. The WTRU may receive SL discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration information from a peer SL WTRU. The SL DRX configuration information may comprise timer information. The timer information may comprise at least a SL on-duration timer, a SL inactivity timer, a SL hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) round trip time (RTT) timer, and a SL HARQ retransmission timer. The WTRU may apply the received SL DRX configuration information. The WTRU may report, on a condition that the WTRU has a connection to a network entity, to the network entity that the WTRU applied the received SL DRX configuration information.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method implemented in a WTRU is described. In an example, the method may include receiving configuration information indicating a remaining time threshold to be used for triggering transmission of a report related to a logical channel group (LCG). The method may include determining that a remaining time for a transmission of one or more PDUs associated with the LCG is below the remaining time threshold. The method may include transmitting the report related to the LCG in a MAC control element (MAC CE) based on at least the remaining time being below the remaining time threshold. In various embodiments, the report may include an indication of (i) the remaining time associated with the LCG and (ii) an amount of data associated with the LCG.

Abstract: There may be one or more systems, methods, and/or devices that address a relay wireless communication scenario. For example, in such a scenario, there may be at least three entities, a remote a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may need to communicate with a network node (e.g., gNB) and/or another WTRU that it cannot directly communicate with. This remote WTRU may communicate with a relay WTRU in order to communicate with the ultimate destination (e.g., another WTRU or a network node). The use of a relay may require establishment and configuration of one or more entities involved.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for monitoring radio links between wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) and determining of radio link failure, and may be used, among others, for New Radio (NR) vehicular communication (V2X); a mode whereby WTRUs can communicate with each other directly. A radio link between a WTRU and another WTRU may be monitored independently per ongoing unicast and/or multicast link, and radio link failure (RLF) may be determined as a function of the monitoring.

Abstract: A SL wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), configured in mode 1, with SL transmissions on unlicensed spectrum, may receive a SL grant from a gNodeB (gNB) and determine whether the SL grant falls within a COT initiated by another WTRU, based on COT structure information received from SCI transmissions of other WTRUs. If the SL grant falls within the COT initiated by another WTRU, the WTRU may perform a first LBT type to try to share the COT. If the SL grant does not fall within the COT initiated by another WTRU, the WTRU may perform a second LBT type to try to initiate its own COT. If LBT fails for the grant, the WTRU may report a failed LBT to the gNB in UCI.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures, and interfaces for a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) performing sidelink communications are provided.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to methods and apparatus using V2X enhancements to perform discontinuous reception. In an embodiment, a method implemented by a first WTRU, for a device-to-device (D2D) communication between the first WTRU and a second WTRU, the method may include any of comprising receiving, from the second WTRU, D2D control information comprising: (1) first information indicating one or more first transmission resources reserved for transmission of the D2D communication and (2) second information indicating if at least one second transmission resource is reserved for retransmission of the D2D communication; determining a sleeping period for the first WTRU that ends prior to a reception time of the retransmission of the D2D communication, wherein the sleeping period is based on the second information; and receiving the retransmission of the D2D communication, after an end of the determined sleeping period.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be used to determine a destination for sidelink transmission based on the priority of the transmission and/or other parameters associated with the transmission. In examples, a destination may be selected if one or more logical channels associated with the destination have a bucket size parameter exceeding a certain threshold and the one or more logical channels have a highest priority. Various other techniques are also described herein that relate to the configuration and/or report of QoS information, selection of sidelink resources, use of a minimum communication range, etc.

Abstract: A sidelink (SL) wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) may be configured establish a unicast link with a peer WTRU allowing use of a plurality of SL carriers and transmits data, on at least a first SL carrier to the peer WTRU. The WTRU determines a carrier-specific SL radio link failure (RLF) of the first SL carrier based on a number of detected consecutive hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) discontinuous transmissions (DTXs) exceeding a threshold HARQ DTX count and performs a SL carrier reselection procedure to select a second SL carrier, excluding SL carriers determined with carrier-specific SL RLF. The WTRU transmits, to the peer WTRU on one of the plurality of SL carriers without carrier-specific SL RLF, an indication of the carrier-specific RLF of the first SL carrier. If no SL available SL carrier remains, the WTRU releases the unicast link with the peer WTRU. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to determine whether to prioritize a sidelink (SL) logical channel group (LCG) based on an SL prioritization threshold and a UL prioritization threshold, on a condition that a UL prioritization threshold is configured. The apparatus may be configured to determine whether a prioritization value associated with the SL LCG is lower than the SL prioritization threshold. The apparatus may be configured to determine (e.g., at least) whether an uplink (UL) LCG has a prioritization value that is equal to or higher than the UL prioritization threshold. The apparatus may be configured to determine whether to prioritize SL buffer status reporting (BSR) based on a size of a UL grant and the determination of whether to prioritize the SL LCG. The apparatus may be configured to report a buffer status based on the determination of whether to prioritize the SL BSR.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for monitoring radio links between wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) and determining of radio link failure, and may be used, among others, for New Radio (NR) vehicular communication (V2X); a mode whereby WTRUs can communicate with each other directly. A radio link between a WTRU and another WTRU may be monitored independently per ongoing unicast and/or multicast link, and radio link failure (RLF) may be determined as a function of the monitoring.

Abstract: Methods and corresponding apparatuses are provided herewith for determining whether a relay wireless transmit/receive unit, WTRU, may serve a network initiated connection at a remote WTRU based on the coverage status of the remote WTRU, on a Channel Busy Ratio, CBR, and on access control decision made by the network. The methods may comprise receiving an In-Coverage, IC, indication from the remote WTRU, indicating that the remote WTRU is IC of a suitable cell; receiving a paging message intended for a remote WTRU of a set of remote WTRUs handled by the relay WTRU; and on condition that the CBR is above a threshold, forwarding the paging message on Sidelink and indicating to the remote WTRU to trigger a Radio Resource Control, RRC, connection via Uu.

Abstract: A method performed by a relay wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes receiving an indication of a change in state of a remote WTRU having a paging link with the relay WTRU, receiving a paging message from a network. The paging message includes a system information (SI) change indication, wherein the SI change indication indicates an availability of updated SI information from the network for the remote WTRU. The relay WTRU transmits the updated SI information to the remote WTRU based on the received indication of a change in state of the remote WTRU.

Abstract: As disclosed herein, there is one or more system, device, and/or method that addresses one or more of the following, but is not limited to: wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU)(s) configured to send sidelink radio link measurements to a base station (e.g., gNB); WTRU(s) configured to consider CBR/CR levels for starting performing measurements on neighbor links/cells; WTRU(s) configured to consider CBR/CR levels in conjunction with SL RSRP/RSRQ/RSNI thresholds for reporting measurements; WTRU(s) configured to report sidelink measurements in different ways depending on the measurements being performed using data or discovery signals; relay WTRU(s) configured to forward/report sidelink measurements to a gNB; handover commands in a relay scenario based on measurements at a remote WTRU.