Abstract: A fin-and-tube heat exchanger comprises: fins (31) which each have flat sections (35), first sloped sections (36), and second sloped sections (38); and heat transfer pipes (21). If a flat plane which is in contact, from the side opposite the crest of a ridge (34), with the upstream end and downstream end of the first sloped sections (36) in the air flow direction is a reference flat plane (H1), the angle between the reference flat plane (H1) and each of the second sloped sections (38) measured in a region upstream of a through-hole in the air flow direction is ?2, then the range of ?2 is determined by the relationship ?°<?2<tan?1[(L±?)/{(S1?D1)/2?L/tan ?1}].

Abstract: A heat transfer fin (3) comprises a plate-like base section (4), a cylindrical collar section (5), a recessed section (7) which has a sloped surface (7a), and a flare section (6) which, when combined with another heat transfer fin (3), is in surface contact with the sloped surface (7a) of the another heat transfer fin (3). The sloped surface (7a) of the recessed section (7) and the root of the collar section (5) are connected, the connection portion where the sloped surface (7a) of the recessed section (7) and the collar section (5) are connected is bent at an acute angle, and the root of the collar section (5) reaches a position beyond a reference plane (S) which is in contact with a surface (4a) of the base section (4), the surface (4a) being located on the side opposite the flare section (6).

Abstract: A measuring instrument is fed with a video output signal, and performs RGB processing on the video output signal to generate graphic data. A video signal level in the graphic data is measured and video signal level data is generated. Display data including the graphic data and the video signal level data is generated. A display device receives display data from the measuring instrument. The display data is visualized and an image and a video signal level are displayed.

Abstract: A measuring instrument 50 comprises: a) means which is fed with a video output signal, and performs RGB processing on the video output signal to generate graphic data; b) means for measuring a video signal level in the graphic data, and generating video signal level data; and c) means for generating display data including the graphic data and the video signal level data. A display device 10 comprises: a) means for receiving the display data from the measuring instrument 50; and b) means for visualizing the display data and displaying an image and a video signal level.

Abstract: A malfunction detection circuit realized by a simple circuit structure is incorporated into a semiconductor integrated circuit without increasing the scale thereof, in order to prevent loss etc. of data due to a malfunction of the semiconductor integrated circuit. Malfunctions can be prevented without relying on measuring temperature or power supply voltage which are analog values, thereby improving the reliability of the semiconductor integrated circuit. A detection-target flip-flop in a function block is synchronized to a clock, and another flip-flop is synchronized to a clock whose phase has been delayed behind or advanced ahead of the former clock. A logic operation is performed using output from both flip-flops to determine whether a latch operation has been performed at an appropriate clock pulse edge in a clock pulse train. The malfunction countermeasure is performed if the latch operation is determined to have been performed at an inappropriate clock pulse edge.

Abstract: In a torque sensor having lead pins connected to a wire harness, the wire harness includes: a plurality of lead wires; a plurality of connection terminals each having a sleeve mounted around each of the lead pins and a connection portion extended from an outer periphery of the sleeve to be connected with one end of the lead wire; and an electrically insulating terminal holder for holding the plural connection terminals. The terminal holder includes: a sleeve holder portion for holding the sleeves in mutually spaced relation in order to prevent the sleeves from contacting each other; and a connection-portion holder portion for holding the connection portions in mutually spaced relation in order to prevent the connection portions from bending to contact each other.

Abstract: A measuring instrument is fed with a video output signal, and performs RGB processing on the video output signal to generate graphic data. A video signal level in the graphic data is measured and video signal level data is generated. Display data including the graphic data and the video signal level data is generated. A display device receives display data from the measuring instrument. The display data is visualized and an image and a video signal level are displayed.

Abstract: In a torque sensor having lead pins connected to a wire harness, the wire harness includes: a plurality of lead wires; a plurality of connection terminals each having a sleeve mounted around each of the lead pins and a connection portion extended from an outer periphery of the sleeve to be connected with one end of the lead wire; and an electrically insulating terminal holder for holding the plural connection terminals. The terminal holder includes: a sleeve holder portion for holding the sleeves in mutually spaced relation in order to prevent the sleeves from contacting each other; and a connection-portion holder portion for holding the connection portions in mutually spaced relation in order to prevent the connection portions from bending to contact each other.

Abstract: A measuring instrument of the present invention having a web server function comprises: a) control means for controlling an operation of the measuring instrument; b) storage means for storing measurement condition data; c) measuring means for performing a measurement based on the measurement condition data; receiving means for receiving request data from a client device; and e) transmitting means for transmitting web data to the client device. The control means a) controls the transmitting means so as to transmit web data corresponding to a remote control web page i) when the request data is request data for requesting transmission of the remote control web page, and the control means a) controls the storage means so as to store the measurement condition data corresponding to the request data ii) when the request data is request data for requesting a setting of a measurement condition.

Abstract: A measuring instrument 50 comprises: a) means which is fed with a video output signal, and performs RGB processing on the video output signal to generate graphic data; b) means for measuring a video signal level in the graphic data, and generating video signal level data; and c) means for generating display data including the graphic data and the video signal level data. A display device 10 comprises: a) means for receiving the display data from the measuring instrument 50; and b) means for visualizing the display data and displaying an image and a video signal level.

Abstract: A boiler recovers a soda component from pulp spent liquor and is able to prevent carry-over of unburnt char and deformation of a char bed configuration and to attain a stable combustion with low NOx generation. By regulating the combustion air supply, and feeding inert gas along a furnace side wall around the char bed, there are formed a combustion zone of reduction atmospheric field where air ratio in the surroundings of the char bed is 0.8 or less, a combustion zone of reduction atmospheric field where air ratio is 1.0 or less and unburnt components exist (including the case of a reduction atmospheric field where air ratio is 1.0 or less and unburnt components exist with the two combustion zones being combined together) and a combustion zone where combustion is completed.

Abstract: A system for measuring electric field strength of radio waves transmitted from cell station and arriving at an arbitrary measuring location is provided that includes a tuner unit, cell station ID (CS-ID) demodulator unit, signal level (or electric field strength) detector (RSSI detector), memory unit, display unit, and controller (CPU). CS-ID codes included in radio waves from cell stations and transmitted to an arbitrary measuring location are detected by the demodulator unit, and electric field strength (RSSI) data of the received radio waves are detected by the RSSI detector. All sets of the CS-ID and RSSI data are stored at addresses in the memory unit corresponding to each of the measuring locations, and the stored sets of the CS-ID data and RSSI data are read from the memory unit and displayed on the display unit in association with information indicative of the measuring location.

Abstract: A compensating method and apparatus is provided which collectively compensates for variations in a variety of characteristics in respective circuit portions of a signal processing circuit. A correction data generator is provided for generating correction value data for correction to be made for an output signal of the signal processing circuit, in order to compensate for variations in the characteristics of the at least one circuit portion. Also, a compensator is connected to receive an output signal from the signal processing circuit as well as to receive the correction value data from the correction data generating means, for correcting the output signal in accordance with the respective correction value data corresponding to the at least one circuit portion to generate a compensated output signal.

Abstract: An insulating tape or sheet comprising a polyester film layer and a polyolefin adhesive layer having a flexural modulus of 500-20000 kgf/cm.sup.2. The insulating tape or sheet of the present invention can provide an insulated wire having superior buckling resistance and is very low in cost.

Abstract: A flow display type indicator is provided which indicates the variation or the velocity of variation of the value of a physical quantity or a parameter in a readily identifiable form. The indicator includes a flow image forming unit to indicate the value of the predetermined physical quantity in a flow representation by enabling a flow representing image to be formed at one of a plurality of positions including first to n-th positions which are orderly disposed and offset from each other along a predetermined line. A flow image selector selects one from flow representing images at the first to the n-th positions in one of first and second directions depending on the polarity of an input signal at a speed in accordance with the magnitude of the input signal to allow the flow representing image forming unit to form a selected flow representing image.

Abstract: A throttle valve of a motor vehicle is controlled by a control unit through an actuator. The control unit determines a desired magnitude of longitudinal acceleration in accordance with running conditions of the present vehicle and the front-running vehicle, a desired throttle opening degree in accordance with the desired magnitude of longitudinal acceleration, and a control variable in accordance with the desired throttle opening degree. The actuator is operated in accordance with the variable.

Abstract: An insulating tape or sheet comprising a polyester film layer and a polyolefin adhesive layer having a flexural modulus of 500-20000 kgf/cm.sup.2. The insulating tape or sheet of the present invention can provide an insulated wire having superior buckling resistance and is very low in cost.

Abstract: A low molecular weight organic liquid leakage detection system comprising plural sensors capable of showing an electrical resistance variation upon contact with a low molecular weight organic liquid, said sensors being installed at every possible leakage site, being electrically connected in series, and being electrically further connected to an electric resistance detector. The detection system of the present invention is advantageous in that it permits precise and efficient detection of low molecular weight organic liquid leakage, with no need to provide a long sensor over the entire detection area.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus is provided which is capable of measuring CN ratio. The measuring apparatus has a measuring band specifying unit for specifying a band under measurement; a display for displaying the spectrum of levels measured in the specified band; first and second noise measuring frequency specifying units; a transmission channel selector; and a CN ratio calculating unit for estimating a noise level at a carrier of a selected transmission channel and for calculating the CN ratio using the estimated level.

Abstract: An automatic driving system for a motor vehicle has a main actuator for operating a main throttle valve, an auxiliary actuator for operating an auxiliary throttle valve, and sensors for detecting driving conditions of a present motor vehicle and for producing driving condition signals. A failure of the automatic driving system is determined based on the driving condition signals. In response to the determined failure, the main and auxiliary actuators are operated so as to close the main and auxiliary throttle valves.