Abstract: A radio communication method stores a plurality MAC frames for each of a plurality of destinations. The method decides the longest transmission time of transmission times needed to transmit the plurality of MAC frames to each of the plurality of destinations within a fixed period. The method generates a plurality of physical frames for the plurality of destinations to transmit them at the same time by connecting the plurality of MAC frames and adding additional information to each connected MAC frame so as to be a frame length equivalent to a transmission time equal to the longest transmission time.

Abstract: A physical frame is constructed, the physical frame including a medium access control super-frame payload which in turn includes a plurality of medium access control frames. With respect to the constructed physical frame, virtual carrier sense information is set in the plurality of medium access control frame so that a result of carrier sense is identical to another by virtual carrier sense based on the plurality of medium access control frames in the medium access control super-frame payload. The physical frame in which the virtual carrier sense information has been set is transmitted to a destined communication apparatus.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus is connected to a wireless network, and is capable of functioning as a wireless network base station or as a wireless network terminal. The wireless apparatus comprises a connection control unit configured to, while the wireless communication apparatus functions as a wireless network base station, receive a configuration change request. In response to receiving said request, the connection control unit reconfigures the wireless communication apparatus to stop functioning as a wireless network base station and to start functioning as a wireless network terminal.

Abstract: A physical frame is constructed, the physical frame including a medium access control super-frame payload which in turn includes a plurality of medium access control frames. With respect to the constructed physical frame, virtual carrier sense information is set in the plurality of medium access control frame so that a result of carrier sense is identical to another by virtual carrier sense based on the plurality of medium access control frames in the medium access control super-frame payload. The physical frame in which the virtual carrier sense information has been set is transmitted to a destined communication apparatus.

Abstract: A radio communication method stores a plurality MAC frames for each of a plurality of destinations. The method decides the longest transmission time of transmission times needed to transmit the plurality of MAC frames to each of the plurality of destinations within a fixed period. The method generates a plurality of physical frames for the plurality of destinations to transmit them at the same time by connecting the plurality of MAC frames and adding additional information to each connected MAC frame so as to be a frame length equivalent to a transmission time equal to the longest transmission time.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner including: a toner particle containing a coloring agent and a binder resin; and an external additive on the toner particle, wherein the external additive contains a silica particle, a primary particle of the silica particle has an average particle diameter of from 70 nm to 400 nm, a particle size distribution index of the primary particle of from 1.0 to 1.9, and an average circularity of from 0.5 to 0.9.

Abstract: A wireless apparatus that periodically sends notification signals, including: a determining module that determines, before sending the notification signal, whether a wireless channel is being used by a wireless device; a sending module that sends the notification signal if the wireless channel is not used throughout a first period; a receiving module; a controller that controls the receiving module to be able to receive a signal until a lapse of a second period after transmission of the notification signal; and a suspending module that suspends supply of power to the receiving module if a signal is not received in the second period and the number of wireless devices that can communicate with the apparatus is zero. If the receiving module receives a signal in the second period, the controller controls the receiving module to be able to receive a signal after a lapse of the second period.

Abstract: The toner for developing an electrostatic charge image includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent, and an external additive, wherein the external additive contains inorganic particles having fluorine atom-containing oil on the hydrophobization-treated surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite color image forming method. The method includes electrically charging a latent image-holding member; exposing the charged latent image-holding member to light to form an electrostatic latent image; developing the electrostatic latent image with a two-component developer containing toner particles of one color and a carrier to form a toner image on the latent image-holding member; primarily transferring the toner image from the latent image-holding member to an intermediate transfer member; repeating the electrically charging, the exposing, the developing, and the primarily transferring, while the toner particles are replaced with toner particles of different color, to form a composite color image on the intermediate transfer member; and secondarily transferring the composite color image from the intermediate transfer member to a recording medium.

Abstract: Broadcast data is divided into a plurality of broadcast channels. Any of the plurality of broadcast channels is placed on a predetermined subcarrier in each of a plurality of main bands such that the placed broadcast channels differ from each other in a same frame and are consecutive in a predetermined order in a frame direction. The subcarriers are converted into a transmit RF signal and the transmit RF signal is transmitted.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner including toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin and a release agent; and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles having hydrocarbon oil that contains a saturated hydrocarbon having a ring structure on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin, and a release agent and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles which include saturated hydrocarbons having from 9 to 35 carbon atoms on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, includes: colored particles containing a colorant and a binder resin, and two or more kinds of inorganic particles that are externally added to a surface of the colored particles, in which the two or more kinds of inorganic particles contain titanium-containing particles and silica-containing particles, an exposure ratio of the surface of the colored particles is about 25% or less, and a ratio of the titanium-containing particles that are in contact with the colored particles is about 15% by number or less.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, includes: colored particles containing a colorant and a binder resin, and two or more kinds of inorganic particles that are externally added to a surface of the colored particles, in which the two or more kinds of inorganic particles contain titanium-containing particles and silica-containing particles, an exposure ratio of the surface of the colored particles is about 25% or less, and a ratio of the silica-containing particles that are in contact with the colored particles is about 10% by number or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier for replenishment including an associated particle in which single particles each having a core material and a resin layer covering the core material, are bound via the resin layer, the carrier being used in a developer for replenishment of a trickle development system, and the system including performing development while the developer for replenishment is replenished, upon development of a latent image on a latent image holding member using a development unit.

Abstract: A developer for electrostatic photography, includes: a toner containing toner particles containing a colorant and a binder resin, and an external additive having a number average particle diameter of about 100 nm or more and about 800 nm or less; and rugged particles having a rate of ruggedness represented by formula (1) of about 30% or more and about 70% or less: Rate of Ruggedness=100?(Projected area/Envelope area)×100??(1).

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a wireless station selection unit configured to select a connection destination wireless station from among a plurality of wireless stations. The wireless station selection unit includes a power calculation processing unit, a storage unit, a table update processing unit, and a power variation range detection processing unit. The power calculation processing unit is configured to calculate power of each receiving signal from each of the wireless stations. The storage unit is configured to store a table, and the power of each receiving signal equal to or more than a predetermined threshold is recorded in the table in association with each of the wireless stations. The table update processing unit is configured to update the table at a predetermined timing interval.

Abstract: A physical frame is constructed, the physical frame including a medium access control super-frame payload which in turn includes a plurality of medium access control frames. With respect to the constructed physical frame, virtual carrier sense information is set in the plurality of medium access control frame so that a result of carrier sense is identical to another by virtual carrier sense based on the plurality of medium access control frames in the medium access control super-frame payload. The physical frame in which the virtual carrier sense information has been set is transmitted to a destined communication apparatus.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner including toner particles containing a colorant, a binder resin and a release agent; and an external additive, in which the external additive contains inorganic particles having hydrocarbon oil that contains a saturated hydrocarbon having a ring structure on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner for electrostatic image development, containing a toner particle and external additive particles adhered to the surface of the toner particle, each of the external additive particles being constituted of plural irreversibly coalesced primary particles.